domain name system (dns)

12
Domain Name System (DNS)

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Domain Name System (DNS). Domain Name System (DNS). How DNS Works. Name Server. DNS Resolver. Application. Application. Sockets. Transport. Transport. Internet. Internet. Network. Network. COM. EDU. ORG. Domain Name Space. Root-Level Domain. Countries. Top-Level Domain. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Domain Name System (DNS)

1

Domain Name System (DNS)

Page 2: Domain Name System (DNS)

2

Domain Name System (DNS)

Green

Blue

Red

Yellow

Orange

Purple

SRI-NIC

Green 191.105.6.10

Blue 195.200.90.2

Red 202.131.6.200

Yellow 159.166.99.67

Orange 121.17.6.22

Purple 212.191.7.45

Hosts.txt

FTP Orange

Page 3: Domain Name System (DNS)

3

How DNS Works

ApplicationApplication

TransportTransport

InternetInternet

NetworkNetwork

ApplicationApplication

TransportTransport

InternetInternet

NetworkNetwork

DNS Resolver

Name Server

Sockets

Page 4: Domain Name System (DNS)

4

Domain Name Space

Root-Level Domain

New Zealand (NZ) COM EDU ORG

microsoft compaq purdue

StudentSeattle

Top-Level Domain

Second-Level Domain

Countries

Page 5: Domain Name System (DNS)

5

Zones of Authority

CORP

R&D

MKTG

com

Microsoft

Name Servers

Name Server

Name Server

Zone 1

Zone 3

Zone 2

Page 6: Domain Name System (DNS)

6

Name Server Roles

Primary Name Server

Zone information in locally maintained files

Secondary Name Server

Zone information downloaded from a master name server

Master Name Server

Source of information for a secondary server; can be a primary or secondary server

Caching Only

Does not keep any zone information

Page 7: Domain Name System (DNS)

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Name Resolution

Local Name Server

RootName Server

govName Server

whitehouse.govName ServerDNS

Client

RecursiveQuery

IterativeQueries

11

2233

44

5566

7788

Page 8: Domain Name System (DNS)

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Inverse Queries

Special Domain for Inverse Queries

in-addr.arpa

IP Addresses Reversed when Converted to DNS Inverse Queries

157.55.200.51 becomes query for 51.200.55.157.in-addr.arpa

Page 9: Domain Name System (DNS)

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Configuring the DNS Files

Database File (zone.dns)

Contains resource records for the zone

Typically maps host names to IP addresses

Reverse Lookup File (z.y.w.x.in-addr.arpa)

Maps IP addresses to host names

Cache File (cache.dns)

Names and addresses of root domain name servers

Boot File

Used by manual start-up method

Page 10: Domain Name System (DNS)

10

The Database File

Stores Resource Records

RFC 1034 CompliantSOA, A, NS, PTR, CNAME, MX, HINFO

Microsoft SpecificWINS, WINS-R

Page 11: Domain Name System (DNS)

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The Reverse Lookup File

Supports inverse queries

For inverse queries for IP network 157.57.28.0, file name created:

db.57.157.in-addr.arpa

Example resource record entry:

51.200.55.157.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mailsrv3.microsoft.com.51.200.55.157.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mailsrv3.microsoft.com.

Page 12: Domain Name System (DNS)

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Review

Domain Name System (DNS)

Name Resolution

Configuring the DNS Files

Planning a DNS Implementation