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Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAMSITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

Republic of YemenMinistry of Public Works and Highways

ROAD MAINTENANCE FUNDRoad Asset Management Project

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIALMANAGEMENT PLAN

PROJECT:CONSTRUCTION OF FOUR AXEL LOAD STATIONS.

II- AL ALAM SITE - ADEN GOVERNORATE

April- 2014

Prepared by: RMFIU

Republic of YemenMinistry of Public Works & Highways (MPWH)

Rural ReportFor

E4075 V8

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5

2.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES 52.2 SCOPE OF WORKS: 72.3 ESTIMATED COST: 8

3 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 9

3.1 YEMEN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 93.2 WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARD POLICIES 10

4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS 11

4.1 LOCATION AND SITE DESCRIPTION 114.2 LAND ACQUISITION 114.3 LAND USE 114.4 HYDROLOGY 124.5 CLIMATE 124.6 DEPTH AND QUALITY OF GROUND WATER 124.7 NOISE AND AIR QUALITY 124.8 ECOSYSTEM 124.9 TRAFFIC 134.10 SOCIO-ECONOMIC 134.11 LOCAL UNEMPLOYMENT 13

5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS. 14

5.1 IMPACT SCOPING 145.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE. 16

5.2.1 SOIL EROSION AND WATER POLLUTION 165.2.2 AIR QUALITY 165.2.3 NOISE LEVEL 165.2.4 CONSTRUCTION WASTE 165.2.5 ECOSYSTEM 175.2.6 SOCIAL 17

6. ENVRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES. 18

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE. 186.1.1 PREVENTING SOIL EROSION AND WATER POLLUTION 186.1.2 PREVENTING DETERIORATION OF AIR QUALITY 186.1.3 REDUCING NOISE LEVELS 186.1.4 WASTE MANAGEMENT 186.1.5 PROTECTING ECOSYSTEM 196.1.6 REDUCING SOCIAL IMPACTS 19

7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 20

8. ENVRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN. 21

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ9 LOCIAL CONSULTATION 23

List of Figures and Photos

FIGURE (2-1) AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF AL ALAM STATION SITE LAYOUT (250MX50M)............................................5

FIGURE (2-2) MAP OF THE FOUR AXLE LOAD STATION LOCATIONS PROJECTED IN THE ROAD NETWORK.........ERROR!

BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

FIGURE (2-3) DESIGN LAYOUT OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION..............................................................................7

FIGURE (2-4) DESIGN PLAN FOR THE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION......................8

PHOTO (4-1) AL ALAM STATION SITE.........................................................................................................................11

PHOTO (4-2) AL ALAM STATION LOCATION SITE........................................................................................................12

PHOTO (4-3) GENERAL LAYOUT OF THE PROPOSED SITE.............................................................................................13

FIGURE (5-1) IMPACT SCOPING MATRIX FOR THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE OF THE AL-ALAM PROJECT.......................15

PHOTO (9-1) SOCIAL CONSULTATION WITH TRUCK DRIVERS AND AFFECTED PEOPLE...............................................24

List of Tables

TABLE (1-1) SUMMARY OF GENERAL MITIGATION MEASURES APPLICABLE TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION. ……………………3

TABLE (1-2) SUMMARY OF GENERAL MONITORING ACTIVITIES APPLICABLE TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION.................................3

TABLE (2-1) ESTIMATED COST OF THE PROJECT...........................................................................................................8

TABLE (4-1) TARGET TRAFFIC VOLUMES....................................................................................................................13

TABLE (7-1) SUMMARY OF GENERAL MITIGATION MEASURES APPLICABLE TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION...............................20

TABLE (8-1) SUMMARY OF GENERAL MONITORING ACTIVITIES APPLICABLE TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION OF AL ALAM AXEL LOAD STATION...............................22

TABLE (9-1) SUMMARY OF BENEFITS EXPECTED BY STAKEHOLDERS.........................................................................23

TABLE (9-2) POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM THE STAKEHOLDER'S PERSPECTIVE..............................................................24


1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) study contains the results of the environmental and social impact assessment undertaken for the construction and operation of Al Alam axel load station – Aden governorate. This sub-project is part of the Road Maintenance Fund (RMF), financed under the Road Asset Management Project (RAMP). This ESMP report complies with the Bank’s Environmental and Social Policies and the Relevant Yemen Regulations. Due to the limited scale of the project and scope of work, the project is classified as category B.The ESMP document identifies and assesses the environmental and social risks and impacts of the project. In addition, the report determines the necessary mitigation measures and summarizes the necessary management and monitoring plans to ensure that impacts are dealt with and mitigation measures are followed during the project activities. The environmental and social review guidelines stipulated in the OP 4.01, impact screening and scoping checklists, and consultations with the PAPs were the main tools used during the preparation of this ESMP report.

Axel load stations are located at the bottleneck points on the national road network to control vehicle loads. Operation of the axel stations will prevent damages to roads by overloaded vehicles, facilitate good conditions of roads, and increase its lifetime.

The land for Axel load stations was transferred officially free of charge on the 12th of October 2003 by the Aden governorate to the RMF (see the transfer agreement in Annex 1). The project site surrounding land is also owned by the government. The land is free from any squatters/encroachers and no claims or complaints have been recorded since 2003. Hence, the Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12 is not triggered.

Al Alam Axel load station is a small project with the estimated cost of civil works of 240,000US$. It is located in a remote area on Aden – Mukalla coastal road. The passengers service center, an industrial plant and a security military point are located 100 – 150m from the project site.

Construction of the Al Alam axel station may have minor direct negative environmental and social impacts. However, the expected long-term positive impacts are very high due to maintaining good road conditions and increased lifetime of roads.

Keeping the current situation without axle load control may have many significant irreversible negative impacts on roads and socio-economic issues, such as:

Damages to roads, bridges and culverts. Damages of vehicles. Accidents due to difficulty to control over loaded vehicles, articulated type in

particular.

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــThis report is based on data collection field visit and prediction of the possible impacts according to environmental and social scoping matrix (Leopold matrix). The identified impacts are expected to have minor and temporary effect during the construction phase and almost no effect during the maintenance work. No major potential environmental impacts are expected, but only minor impacts associated with site preparation, earth works, waste generation, traffic and safety which are localized and reversible. The potential negative impacts of attention are:

Increased level of noise and dust nuisance during the preparation of site, excavation, paving and trucking materials as heavy machinery will be involved in the construction works.

Generation, temporary storage and disposal of construction waste and domestic waste from the labor camp. These may cause dust emissions, erosion, littering, damage to soil.

Contamination of soil and groundwater by stored fuel, lubricants, paints; and refueling of vehicles.

Safety of labor during the construction phase in site and around it.

The positive impacts of attention during the construction phase are the local employment opportunities, which offer the local community the chance to enhance their income level.

The mitigation measures are proposed to address the potential negative impacts. These include:

Storage of fuel and lubricants in sealed containers. Refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only on sealed areas to avoid

contamination. Spraying of water during excavation, site preparation and paving works. Restriction of earthworks during strong wind periods. Restriction of use of noisy equipment to the daytime business hours.

To enhance positive impacts during construction phase related to the preparation of site, excavation and paving, a clause in the bidding documents on equal opportunities should be introduced and implemented. The estimated total cost of implementing the mitigation measures is expected to reach USD 3,500.

Environmental and social monitoring plan was prepared to specify monitoring arrangements, frequency and responsibilities. The plan will allow effective monitoring of the contractor’s performance against the environmental and social mitigation measures. It is envisaged that the monitoring activities will be carried out by monitoring specialist that will devote about 20% of his time to monitoring compliance of the Al Alam Weigh Station with the ESMP. The expected costs monitoring costs will include also vehicle, fuel and camera. They are expected to reach about USD 3,000.

Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) table was prepared to summarize the finding of the study including the key impacts, mitigation of negative impacts and enhancement of positive impacts. The Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures and Monitoring Activities, during construction phase, are shown in table (1-1) and table (1-2) below.

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــTable (1-1) Summary of General Mitigation Measures applicable to the Environmental and Social Management Plan during construction of Al Alam axel load station.

Environmental and social aspects Impacts Mitigation measures Implementation

responsibility Cost

Physical aspects

Soil erosion, degradation of agricultural soil and landscape

- Import soil from authorized borrow-pit- Maintain earth work and open cuts wet by water spraying- Planting and Vegetation.- Adequate surface water drainage from site.- Storage and refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only on paved and sealed areas.

Contractor in coordination with the Supervising Consultant

Will be part of the contract. Additional

expected cost: USD 500

Pollution of groundwater

- Storage of fuel, lubricants, paints and solvents in sealed containers.- Storage and refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only on paved and sealed areas.


USD 500

Deterioration of air quality by dust emissions

- Spraying of water during excavation and site preparation works.- Restriction to works during strong wind periods.- Covering of vehicles carrying fine grade materials



expected cost: USD 300

Noise pollution

- Limiting working hours to the day time business hours.- Use of well maintain equipment.


Will be part of the contract.

Bidders will cost this item in their

bids.

Storage and disposal of construction and domestic waste

- Storage and disposal of construction and domestic waste in specially designated areas agreed with the local communities.- Provision of water container and sanitation facilities for contractor camp.



expected cost: USD 1,000

Ecological aspects Damages to Ecosystem

- Avoid damage to flora and fauna by machinery and workers.- Planting of vegetation.- Works shall be limited to within 10-20m from the beach edge, avoiding interference with sea beach.- Field survey of the coastal ecosystem adjacent to the site.



expected cost: USD 1,000.

Social aspects

Restriction of socio-economic activities

- Shortening the construction works period- Provision of work opportunities for the local community.- Maintain good cooperative relation with the local community.


None

- Application of Chance Find Procedures to assess requirements and propose mitigation (Annex 2).

RE, Contractor, Beneficiary Committee, GOAMM (Contractor/Project)

None

Safety, Accidents and injuries

- Compliance with contract General Health, Safety, and Environment Regulations.- Traffic management, speed control, warning signs, etc.- Provision and use of personal protective equipment to workers- Safety plan, including emergency action plan.



expected costs: USD 500

Generation of local employment

Enhance positive impacts by providing job opportunities to local population.

RMFIU None

Total expected mitigation costs: USD 3,500

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــTable (1-2) Summary of General Monitoring activities applicable to the Environmental and Social Management Plan during construction of Al Alam axel load station.

Environmental & social aspects Indicator Monitoring activities Frequency Implementation

responsibility Cost

Physical aspects


-Site inspection and photographic documentation of excavation, earthwork and land disturbing activities.-Photographic documentation of planting and re-vegetation activities

Once before commencementOnce during constructionOnce after completion

E&S specialists,RMFIU

Cost of hiring monitoring

specialist (20% of time input),

vehicle, fuel and camera.

Equivalent of USD 3,000


- Visual observation and photographic documentation of equipment induced emissions and dust clouds during excavation activities- Site supervision/inspection and documentation to ensure compliance with the noise mitigation measures

Once during earth works.Once during asphalt works.On any complaint.

Ditto

Ecological aspects

Damage to vegetation and animals

- Site inspection and photographic documentation of excavation and re-planting activities

Once during site preparation and once during planting activities

Ditto

Social aspects


- Site inspection and documentation of community activities nearby site.


Ditto

Follow the chance find procedures.In case of chance finds

E&SU


- Checking records of solid and liquid waste generation from construction, machinery and labor camp.- Inspection and photographic documentation of waste storage and disposal sites.- Consultation with the local community.

Continuous: monthly

Ditto

Safety, accidents and injuries

- Inspection and photographic documentation- Maintaining a record of injuries and accidents specifying cause and location

Continuous monthly Ditto


-Inspection of records of locally hired employees


Total expected costs of monitoring activities: USD 3,000

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Project Objectives

The project objective is the construction and operation of the Al Alam axel load station, with an emergency repair workshop, where most trucks and tankers pass by from the loading points at Aden into the country. The loaded vehicles carry various goods and fuel from the Aden refinery.

The proposed location in an aerial Google-earth photo is shown in the figure (2-1) below.

Figure (2-1) Aerial Photograph of Al Alam Station Site Layout (250mx50m)

The figure (2-2) shows the location of the four axle load stations projected in the national road network. Al Alam axle load station will be located along the international road Aden – Mukalla coastal road at Al Hosaini road intersection. The proposed Yemen International Corridor Highway Project (Sa'ada – Amran - Aden) will pass by the Al-Alam axle load station as projected in figure (2-2).


Figure 2.2 Map of the Al Anad and Al Alam axle load station locations projected in the road network.


2.2 Scope of works:

The scope of work for this project includes:

Earthworks (total volume of excavated materials: 240m3). Site separation works by clearing, leveling, compacting: 10,000m2. Embankment 1.9m thick. Application of base and sub-base materials. Total volume 600m3. Application of asphalt layer. The total paved area is 3,000m2, volume of asphalt 150 m3. Construction of administration building (40m2). Construction of repair garage (40m2). Traffic signs approximately 8 signs and total road marking of 675 L.M with width of 12

Centimeter and thickness of 2 millimeters and a number of about 300 cat eyes. The construction camps and the temporary storage of materials may be included in the

project site. Site fencing. Construction of drainage system.

The contractor will use construction machines including: dozer, excavator, grader, compactor and paver. The expected duration of the project (construction phase) is 8 months.

The proposed layout of the station is shown in the figure (2-3) below.

Figure (2-3) Design Layout of Al Alam axel load station

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــAlso the proposed design of the administration buildings is shown in the figure (2-4) below.

Figure (2-4) Design Plan for the Administration Building of Al Alam axel load station

2.3 Estimated cost:

The total cost of construction is estimated to be (US$ 240,000 for civil works and US$ 100,000 for mechanical works). The breakdowns of the above estimated cost are shown in table (2-1) below:

Table (2-1) Estimated Cost of the Project

activities Items Estimated costUS$

Civil works Site works 180,000Construction works 60,000

Equipment installation Weighing installations 100,000Total 340,000


3 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

3.1 Yemen Environmental policies and legislation

Since 1990, the GoY has established institutions and responsibilities for environmental management, joined International Conventions and continues to develop sector legislation and procedures. A National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) was adopted in 1995 and the Environmental Protection Law (EPL) was enacted a year later. The NEAP established priority issues and actions in the main environmental fields such as “Water Resources, Land Resources, Natural Habitats, and Waste Management”.

The Environment Protection Law (EPL) number 26 of 1995 legislate the protection of the environment, and permits Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The provisions of this law are implemented through Executive Regulations (By-Law 148-2000), issued by a decree of the Council of Ministers to protect the Environment, Natural Resources, Society, and Health. According the Law No. 26, the EMP is required for projects during the maintenance phase (information confirmed by the Environmental Protection Authority).

The law equally stipulates the incorporation of environmental considerations in economic development plans at all levels and stages of planning for all sectors. It also, requires the preparation of EIAs for projects proposed by the public and private sectors.

In addition, Yemen is signatory of 15 International Conventions on environmental issues : Framework Convention on Climate Chang FCCC (1995). Convention on Biological Diversity (1995). Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1995). Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1995). Convention on the Control of the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes and their

Disposal (1995). United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification UNCCD (1996). Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES (1997). Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants POP’s (2002). The Ramsar Convention of Wetlands (2001). The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (2002). Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals

and Pesticides in International Trade (2002). Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2004). Protocol concerning Regional Cooperation of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden Environment

(1982). Regional Convention for the Conversation of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden PERSEGA

(1982). Convention concerning the protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1980).

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ3.2 World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies

The World Bank has ten operational safeguard policies, which apply to various development projects that the Bank is either implementing or funding. The purpose of these policies is to ensure that social and environmental risks are prevented or at least minimized while increasing socio-economic benefits of approved projects in addition to preserving the environment. These policies have been a means to increase the effectiveness and positive impacts of development projects supported by the Bank. The Bank’s 10 safeguard policies are presented in table 3.1.

Table 3.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered

Policy Reference Applicability to RAMP

1 Environmental Assessment OP / BP / GP 4.01 Yes2 Involuntary Resettlement OP / BP/ GP 4.12 No3 Natural Habitats OP / BP 4.04 No4 Cultural Property OP 4.11 No5 Pest Management OP 4.09 No6 Indigenous Peoples OP 4.10 No7 Forestry OP / BP 4.36 No8 Safety of Dams OP / BP 4.37 No9 Projects in Disputed Areas OP / BP / GP 7.60 No10 Projects on International Waterways OP / BP / GP 7.50 No

The scale of the project is very small and the environmental and social impacts are expected to be minor. Hence, the project is categorized as B. The project triggers only the Bank Safeguards Policy on Environmental Assessment OP 4.01.

The land of the project site was transferred on 12, Oct. 2003 by the Aden governorate to the RMF free of charge. The surrounding land is also owned by the government. From the date of land transfer in 2003 no complains from any person or local community were recorded. The land is free from any squatters/encroachers and comply with the Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement. OP 4.12 is not triggered. (see the transfer agreement in Annex 1)..

The Environmental Assessment takes into account the natural environment (air, water, and land); human health and safety; and social aspects (involuntary resettlement, physical cultural resources, etc.) in addition to transboundary and global environmental aspects. The roles of both the Bank and Borrower stated by this operational policy are summarized below.

Useful guidelines and manuals that need to be considered during the ESMP phase of the project include:

The World Bank Participation Sourcebook Safeguard Policy Basics – Redbook Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) General Guidelines issued by the World Bank Roads and the Environment. A Handbook. World Bank Technical Paper 376. Doing Better Business through Effective Public Consultation and Disclosure – A good

Practice Manual, issued by IFC.


4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS

4.1 Location and site description

Al Alam station is located adjacent to the seashore beside the Aden – Mukalla road at Al Hosaini road intersection, where high traffic volumes including large tracks coming from Aden are passing by. The project is located in sparsely populated area. Cultural and heritage sites are not reported in the vicinity of the site. The beach of about 8km to the East of the project is used for recreation.

The site is flat characterized by soft sand surface. It is nearly at the level of the road as shown in photo (4-1) below.

Photo (4-1) Al Alam Station Site

4.2 Land Acquisition

The land of the project site was previously owned by a government agency, called the Department of land and Real Estate of Aden Governorate. The land was vacant and it was planned to be used for commercial purposes. The land was transferred on 12, Oct. 2003 by the Aden governorate to the RMF free of charge (see the transfer agreement in Annex 1). The surrounding land is also state owned. From the date of signature on 12, Oct. 2003 no complains from any person or local community were raised. The land is free of any squatters/encroachers and comply with the Bank Policy on Involuntary Resettlement. The OP 4.12 is not triggered.

4.3 Land Use

The land use is in the surrounding area mostly commercial and industrial. The economic activities in the area are of commercial nature. Near the site there are scattered settlements,

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــindustrial plant and traveler service centers. The distance to the nearest service center and a small market is about 150m

4.4 Hydrology

No remarkable hydrological features like wadis or stream lines exist adjacent to the site. The location of the project is near the beach as photo (4-2) shows.

Photo (4-2) Al Alam Station location Site

4.5 Climate

The climate of the site area is semi-arid to arid. The summer is hot and it includes a light rainy season. The average annual precipitation is around 100mm. The temperature is ranging from 20C to 45C.

4.6 Depth and quality of ground water

The groundwater aquifer is shallow under the site (4m deep). The water is brackish and cannot be used for human consumption or agriculture. Further inland the groundwater becomes fresh and potable but the aquifer is much deeper.

4.7 Noise and Air Quality

The current noise levels near the site do not exceed 75dB. The ambient air quality is good. Concentration of dust and fine particles is high during periods of strong winds.

4.8 Ecosystem

There are limited wild scattered plants around the Al Alam site including small trees and shrubs as shown in photo (4-3). The site adjacent coast includes scattered coral reef colonies. The beach 15km to the East is reported to be used by the Hawksbill Sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata).

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــAccording to the letter received on the 5th of February 2014 from the Environmental Protection Authority, there are no turtles along the coast adjacent to the project site (see Annex 3). This information is based on previous research and on recent site survey.

Photo (4-3) General layout of the proposed site

4.9 Traffic

Target traffic volumes for trucks and tankers that will be subjected to axel load control are as shown in table (4-1) below.

Table (4-1) Target Traffic Volumes

Trucks and tankers Vehicle per dayVPD

Average monthly traffic

Average daily traffic 2010 98 2156Projected daily traffic 2015 125 2751

4.10 Socio-economic

Al Alam axle load station is located in sparsely populated area and low level of human activity. Near the site there are scattered settlements, industrial plant and travelers’ service center.

The economic activities in the area are commercial activities and fisheries. The land is mostly commercial and industrial. No resettlement is required.

The site is located within the Directorate of Khormaksar, one of the districts of the governorate of Aden, according administrative division in the Republic of Yemen and thus the population of the district of Khormaksar is considered direct beneficiaries from the establishment of the project. The estimated district population is (73,145) people according to the 2004 census projected for the year 2013. In addition, drivers of large trucks and the owners of these trucks are considered among the direct beneficiaries. The project is located on important link between Western and Eastern provinces. Residents of Aden, Lahj, Abian, Shabwa and Hadramout governorates are all indirect beneficiaries.


4.11 Local Unemployment

The local level of unemployment is high, particularly for unskilled labor.

5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS.

5.1 Impact scoping

An initial evaluation of potential impacts associated with the construction phase of the project was carried out using Leopold Matrix for impact scoping. The matrix helped identify and scope key environmental and social impacts associated with the Al Alam axel load project. The matrix contains physical, ecological and social conditions, which are related to the construction activities and scored for the magnitude of impacts and highlighted for impacts of potentially particular attention.

The Leopold matrix indicates that the expected negative social and environmental impacts associated with the construction and operation of Al Alam axle load station are minor, localized, insignificant and reversible see figure number (5-1). All impacts identified were scored as minor. The potential negative impacts of attention are those related to the excavation and site preparation impacts on noise levels and air quality (dust generation) and labor safety. The potentially affected environmental and social aspects include: air quality (dust emissions), noise, marine and beach ecosystems, road and labor safety.

The potential positive impacts of attention are the impacts of the excavation and site preparation works on local employment.

Based on the screening and scoping, the expected environmental and social negative impacts during construction and operation phases are provided in section 5.2.


Physical Aspects Ecological Aspects Social Aspects

Construction Activities

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1.Excavations -1 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 +1 0 0 - 1

2.Site Preparation 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 -1 0 0 0 +1 0 0 - 1

3.Paving 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 +1 0 0 - 1

4.Installation of weighbridge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 1

5.Trucking materials 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6.Storage of diesel/oils 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7.Waste management 0 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8.Water use 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9.Workers Camp 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 +1 0 0 0


Legend: 0 = no impact; -1= Minor negative impact; -2= Significant negative impact; +1= Minor positive impact; +2= Significant positive impact

Sensitive environmental and social aspects, most disturbing construction activitiesNegative or positive impacts of particular attention

Figure (5-1) Impact scoping matrix for the construction phase of the Al-Alam project.


5.2 Environmental and social impacts during construction phase.

The principal concerns are related to problems associated with working near the sea coast. Main impacts on land resources are associated with the following activities:

Construction and domestic waste generation, storage and disposal. Disposal of cutting materials Borrow pits

The expected environmental and social impacts during construction phase are described below.

5.2.1 Soil erosion and water pollution

Earth works may lead to minor local soil erosion. However, the very limited size and scope of work, and the lack of agricultural activities near the project site render this impact negligible. The contractor must prevent any erosion into the beach from the project site.

Storage of fuel, lubricants, additives within the site, as well as fuel leakages during refueling of vehicles, and leakages from vehicles may lead to local contamination of soil, groundwater and the beach adjacent to the site. The volume of fuel and oil involved in the project is small, and the impact is evaluated as minor

5.2.2 Air quality

The main impacts on air quality are associated with machinery and earthwork. This impact is dust nuisance and exhaust emissions. However, all this impacts are minor, short-term and reversible. The activities cause dust nuisance such as excavations, loading fill materials from borrow pit locations, site preparation and building construction layers. These activities are temporary. They generate the dust by destroying the soil structure.

5.2.3 Noise Level

The most sensitive environmental aspect is predicted to be the noise level. As the heavy construction machines such as bulldozers, leveling graders, roller compactors, loaders, trucks, water tanks and pavers will cause short-term increase in noise level.

5.2.4 Construction waste

Improper disposal of wastes from works can potentially lead to damage to soil and the adjacent beach. When spoil material from the excavation or surplus fill is dumped along the side of the weigh station, it can damage vegetation and contribute to erosion. Such waste can lead also to dust arising. Dumping of construction waste at the edge of the beach can cause damage to the beach ecosystem.

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ5.2.5 Ecosystem

Construction of Al Alam axel load stations may have adverse impacts on ecosystem (grassland, marine, beach), in particular on the coastal habitats. These impacts are associated with noise emissions and dust generation by site disturbance, soil erosion caused by earth works, storage and disposal of waste, paving; leakage of hydrocarbons from storage of diesel/oils, and workers’ behavior. However, due to the limited scope of works and volume of potentially harmful liquids (fuel, lubricants) stored, and the nearby coastal zone of low sensitivity; these impacts are minor and reversible.

5.2.6 Social

The expected negative environmental and social impacts are associated with the construction activities, machinery, traffic accidents, management of construction site and interaction between workers and locals. These impacts are mainly:

Safety and health risk for workers. Public safety at the site.

These impacts are minor and reversible. Whereas, many positive socio-economic impacts are expected from the project construction such as:

Provision of jobs during the construction, about 20 job opportunities for unskilled labor.

Improving economic conditions, which will have a positive impact on the living conditions of the drivers and the people of the region.

These impacts are temporary.


6. ENVRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MITIGATION MEASURES.

6.1 Environmental and social mitigation measures during construction phase.

6.1.1 Preventing soil erosion and water pollution

Works shall be limited to within 10-20m from the beach edge to avoid interference with sea beach. The Contractor, under RMFIU supervision, should take necessary actions to avoid excessive soil erosion, and maintain visual quality through:

Import of soil from authorized borrow-pit. Spray with water earth works and open cuts. Avoid earthworks and site preparation works during strong winds. Avoiding damages to existing vegetation. Provide adequate drainage works. Storage and refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only in designated paved

and sealed areas.

6.1.2 Preventing deterioration of air quality

The contractor, under RMFIU supervision, should reduce dust generation during construction activities like excavations, site preparation and paving. The following mitigation measures should be implemented:

Spraying of water during excavation and site preparation works. Restriction to works during strong wind periods. Covering of vehicles carrying fine graded construction materials with sheets.

6.1.3 Reducing noise levels

The contractor should maintain low noise level within the site, particularly during the nighttime. This can be achieved by limiting the working hours to daytime, and keeping project vehicles and equipment well maintained and in good technical conditions.

6.1.4 Waste management

The contractor, under the RMFIU supervision, should maintain clean work environment and leave project site clean after completion. Both construction and domestic waste should be collected and stored in containers/designated sites, and disposed of in designated disposal sites. The contractor should prepare and implement waste management program with provision of sanitary facilities and garbage containers. Liquid waste from machinery should be stored in sealed containers and removed from site. Construction wastes should be stored in designated

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــarea agreed with the local community, removed from site, reused or disposed in designated area. Temporary storage of soil and construction waste near the beach edge must be prohibited.

6.1.5 Protecting ecosystem

The contractor, under the RMFIU supervision, should avoid intrusion with natural biodiversity. He should manage the work compound and workers behavior properly, avoiding damages and pollution to biological marine habitats and vegetation especially preventing leakages of fuel, littering and use of noisy machines. Works and machine operations must be limited to within 10-20m from the beach edge to avoid interference with the beach ecosystem (this may require temporary fencing).

6.1.6 Reducing social impacts

Socio-economic activities: The contractor, under the RMFIU supervision, should maintain good cooperative relation with the local community. He should provide work opportunities to local work force, manage behavior of project staff, and avoid social interference with the local community. The construction period should comply with the works contract.

Safety and Traffic Management: The contractor, under the RMFIU supervision, should ensure safety of his workers, visitors and local community. Safety hazards are expected from construction activities, and due to traffic accidents. Main safety measures are:

Preparation and implementation of safety plan, including emergency action plan. Preparation and implementation of traffic management plan inside construction site and

at access points at the intersection with main roads. Provision and use of personal protective equipment to workers.

The contractor should enhance positive impacts of the project by employing local population in the project works.


7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The environmental and social management plan summarizes findings of this report (see table 7-1). It consists of the following main components:

Environmental and social mitigation measures. Environmental and social monitoring plan. Reporting.

Due to the limited and short term scope of works, and minor impacts predicted, no major mitigation measures are required. In many cases, good practice will suffice. The RMFIU is responsible for the implementation and monitoring of the mitigation measures during construction and operation phases. The total expected cost of implementing mitigation measures is 3,500 USD.Table (7-1) Summary of General Mitigation Measures applicable to the Environmental and Social Management Plan during construction of Al Alam axel load station.


responsibility Cost

Physical aspects


- Import soil from authorized borrow-pit- Maintain earth work and open cuts wet by water spraying- Planting and vegetation.- Adequate surface water drainage from site.- Storage and refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only on paved and sealed areas.



expected cost: 500 USD

Pollution of groundwater

- Storage of fuel, lubricants, paints and solvents in sealed containers.- Storage and refueling of diesel and oil should be conducted only on paved and sealed areas.


200 USD


- Spraying of water during excavation and site preparation works.- Restriction to works during strong wind periods.- Covering of vehicles carrying fine grade materials



expected cost: 300 USD

Noise pollution

- Limiting working hours to the day time business hours.- Use of well maintain equipment.


Will be part of the contract.

Bidders will cost this item in their

bids.


- Storage and disposal of construction and domestic waste in specially designated areas agreed with the local communities.- Provision of water container and sanitation facilities for contractor camp.



expected cost: 1,000 USD

Ecological aspects Damages to Ecosystem

- Avoid damage to flora and fauna by machinery and workers.- Planting of vegetation.- Works shall be limited to within 10-20m from the beach edge, avoiding interference with sea beach.- Field survey of the coastal ecosystem adjacent to



expected cost: 1,000 USD.



responsibility Cost

the site.

Social aspects


- Shortening the construction works period- Provision of work opportunities for the local community.- Maintain good cooperative relation with the local community.


None

- Application of Chance Find Procedures to assess requirements and propose mitigation (Annex 2).

RE, Contractor, Beneficiary Committee, GOAMM (Contractor/Project)

None

Safety, Accidents and injuries

- Compliance with contract General Health, Safety, and Environment Regulations.- Traffic management, speed control, warning signs, etc.- Provision and use of personal protective equipment to workers- Safety plan, including emergency action plan.



expected costs: 500 USD


Enhance positive impacts by providing job opportunities to local population.

RMFIUNone

Total expected mitigation costs: 3,500 USD

8. ENVRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN.

The monitoring activities will be the responsibility of the environmental and social specialists at the project’s implementation unit. The monitoring activities aim to ensure compliance with, and to follow up the implementation of mitigation measures. Table (8-1) presents the monitoring plan, which specifies monitoring activities, indicators, frequency, responsibilities and costs. Monitoring activities will rely primarily on field observations, feedback from stakeholders and other affected people, and documentation of their reactions to the project works and their perception of the adequacy of the mitigation measures. Photographic documentation will be also required.

After each inspection, a report shall be compiled that is location and activity specific. This shall identify areas of contractor’s non-compliance with the ESMP and provide guiding remarks on actions to be taken. The significance of the non-compliance shall also be noted. The E&S specialists shall prepare these reports and follow-up with the contractor‘s compliance with the ESMP or otherwise corrective actions should be taken.

It is envisaged that the monitoring activities will be carried out by monitoring specialist that will devote about 20% of his time to monitoring compliance of the Al Alam Weigh Station with the ESMP. The expected costs monitoring costs will include also vehicle, fuel and camera. They are expected to reach about USD 3,000.

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــTable (8-1) Summary of General Monitoring activities applicable to the Environmental and Social Management Plan during construction of Al Alam axel load station.

Environmental & social aspects Indicator Monitoring activities Frequency Implementation

responsibility Cost

Physical aspects


-Site inspection and photographic documentation of excavation, earthwork and land disturbing activities.-Photographic documentation of planting and re-vegetation activities


E&S specialists,RMFIU

Cost of hiring monitoring

specialist (20% of time input),

vehicle, fuel and camera.

Equivalent of USD 3,000 USD


- Visual observation and photographic documentation of equipment induced emissions and dust clouds during excavation activities- Site supervision/inspection and documentation to ensure compliance with the noise mitigation measures

Once during earth works.Once during asphalt works.On any complaint.

Ditto

Ecological aspects

Damage to vegetation and animals

- Site inspection and photographic documentation of excavation and re-planting activities

Once during site preparation and once during planting activities

Ditto

Social aspects


- Site inspection and documentation of community activities nearby site.


Ditto

Follow the chance find procedures.In case of chance finds

E&SU


- Checking records of solid and liquid waste generation from construction, machinery and labor camp.- Inspection and photographic documentation of waste storage and disposal sites.- Consultation with the local community.

Continuous: monthly

Ditto

Safety, accidents and injuries

- Inspection and photographic documentation- Maintaining a record of injuries and accidents specifying cause and location



-Inspection of records of locally hired employees


Total expected costs of monitoring activities: USD 3,000

Road Maintenance Fund (RMF) Axle Weigh Stations ESMP Road Assets Management Project (RAMP) AL ALAM SITE- ADEN GOVERNORATE ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ9 LOCIAL CONSULTATION

The team conducted consultation with local population including the truck drivers and citizens through 15 individual interviews. The interviewed people expressed that the project will generate positive impacts and benefits for the local population including:

Maintaining road infrastructure (90%) Maintaining vehicles accounted for 85% Revitalization of commercial cycle 70% And creation of new jobs and reducing unemployment level (65%)

Table 9.1 shows results of the consultation process.

Table (9-1) Summary of Benefits expected by stakeholders. Statement Large Medium weakDecrease the charge of passenger transport and decrease the transport prices for consumer goods to the region

60% 30% 10%

Maintain vehicles 85% 10% 5%Maintaining the infrastructure of the road 90% 7% 3%Revitalization of commercial cycle 70% 10% 20%Create jobs opportunities and reduce unemployment level 65% 15% 20%

Photo (9-1) Social Consultation with Truck Drivers and affected people

Local people consulted with did not show concern of any negative impacts associated with the construction of the weigh station (see table 9.2).


Table (9-2) Potential impacts from the stakeholder's perspective Negative impacts high average low non -

existentLoad station construction will take away an agricultural land

2% 3% 5% 90%

Load station construction will lead to destroy built up constructions

0 5% 15% 80%

Load station construction will affect the safety of school students

0 0 5% 95%

Load station construction will increase accidents number either to humans or animals

3% 7% 70% 10%

Load station construction will lead to remove some trees, forests and grasslands

0 3% 90% 7%

Load station construction will affect graves or cemetery 0 0 3% 97%Load station construction will affect some of the historical monuments ancient

0 2% 3% 95%

Load station construction will affect the water tanks, water network or electricity poles

0 4% 6% 90%

Load station construction will affect the traffic or will cause any harm to humans, animals or property

8% 13% 79%

Load station construction will affect the women's movement during grazing, logging, or water transportation

0 2 % 3% 95%

Load station construction will affect nearby agricultural land

0 5% 5% 90%


Annex - 1


Annex 2

Archaeological Chance Find Procedures

The construction contracts (COPA) contains procedures for archaeological “chance finds” during the course of construction activities. The Government (Ministry of Culture) makes available (on demand) a qualified archaeologist to conduct field investigations when important search work and new materials sites are opened. The archaeologist would be paid by RAPCMO and be attached temporarily to the construction manager's team and provided with logistical support when necessary. The following procedures should be executed whenever archaeological relic, antiquity or any other object of archaeological importance is discovered during road construction:

(i) Halt construction activities. (ii) Delineate the discovered site area. (iii) Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In case of

removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard should be present until the responsible authority takes over.

(iv) Notify the responsible foreman/archaeologist, who in turn notifies the GOAMM, the Environmental and Social Management Unit (ESMU) of RAPCMO and the local authorities (within than 24 hours).

(v) GOAMM would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on the proper procedures to be carried out.

(vi) GOAMM evaluates the importance of the finding according to criteria relevant to cultural heritage, as aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values.

(vii) Decision on how to handle the finding is reached based on the above assessment and could include changes in the project layout (in case of finding an irremovable relic of archaeological importance), conservation, preservation, restoration or salvage.

(viii) Implementation of the GOAMM decision concerning the management of the finding. (ix) Construction works should resume only when permission is given from GOAMM after

the decision concerning the safeguard of the heritage is fully executed.


Annex 3Copy of letter from the Environmental Protection Authority

tabledocuments.worldbank.org/curated/en/832851468153565442/e... · web viewthe site adjacent coast...

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