doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

0Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area NProject: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (etworks (WPANsWPANs))

Submission Title: [Proposal of MAC concept for VL-Image Sensor Communication (ISC) ]Date Submitted: [21.Sep.2009 ]Source: [Nobuo Iizuka] Company [CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. / VLCC]Address [3-2-1, Sakaecho 3-chome, Hamra-shi, Tokyo, Japan]Voice:[+81-42-579-7159], FAX: [+81-42-579-7744], E-Mail:[ iizukan@casio.co.jp]Re: [ ]

Abstract: [Proposal of MAC concept for VL-Image Sensor Communication. ] Purpose: [Proposal for IEEE 802.15.TG7 ]Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

1Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Proposal of MAC concept for VL-ISC (Visible Light Image Sensor Communication)

Nobuo IIZUKA

CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. /VLCC

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

2Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Contents

• Characteristics of ISC

• New MAC concept of ISC

• The example of CASIO’s ISC

• Conclusion

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

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Next....

• Characteristics of ISC

• New MAC concept of ISC

• The example implementation of CASIO

• Conclusion

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

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lens

Image Sensor Communication (ISC)• Spatial separation capability• Brightness-Distance invariant law • Providing “Data” simultaneous with “Spatial position”(Assumption: MAC mode is broadcast / Multi-pt to pt communication )

Noise

Data A

Data BX2,Y2 Data A.....

X1,Y1 Data B.....

About VLC using Arrayed PD / Image sensor doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0502-00-10 July 2009 0007 >

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

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Many applications of ISC

Application summary list: doc.: 15-09-0125-08-0007-vlc-application-definitions-and-summary.xls

List No.41Positional measurement at Factory and warehouse

List No.43Robotics (Indicate and command)

List No.40Positional sensor net

List No. 47ITS Navigation List No. 46

Guiding in spectacle outdoor

!! !!! !

Using spatial property incommunication

Vehicle o VehiclePre crash safety

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

6Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Motivation of ISC based on Visible Light characteristics

Visible Light advantages that should be considered

1. The short wavelength provides high spatial resolution• It is not only for “High data rate” or “many channels”

2. Image formation lens is usable• It provides “Imaging” capability.

Visible Light environment issue that should support

– A lot of strong ambient light noise/ interference• Sun light is severe DC noise in outdoor.

• Indoor fluorescent lamp has 30-500kHz noise.

ISC utilizes・・・・・・

ISC solves ・・・・・

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7Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Next....

• Characteristics of ISC

• New MAC concept of ISC

• The example implementation of CASIO

• Conclusion

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8Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

In a reductive point of view

• Is it the merely arrayed channels?

• Does it need the consideration for standard?

＝

・・・・・・・・・・

・・・・・・

Photo diode= channel

We think “No It brings a qualitative change”

We think “Yes we should consider it”

The structure is arrayed photo diode….

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

9Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

A new MAC concept of ISC

PHY

MAC layer

Received data

Upper layer

ConventionalWireless

Communication

Regarding“space asShared media”

•Necessary multiple access control

Position Scene image

ISC

Upper layer

ISC PHY

MAC layer

Received data

Regarding“space as

Separated media”

• Unnecessary multiple access control•Necessary Spatial Consideration

Discovery / Tracking function required

Received dataReceived data Position Position

For the new effect / new issue, we should consider it

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Discovery and Trackingrequired function of ISC

• Discovery– It is Channel (s) selection from many channels in the array.

• Tracking optional function based on discovery

– It is like a hand-over method of mobile phone system.

t

Many Signalsand

Many Interference

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Next....

• Characteristics of ISC

• New MAC concept of ISC

• The example implementation of CASIO

• Conclusion

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

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A realization of ISC-MAC

• Policy :

– Simple architecture, available device

– Performance of “discovery” have to be……

• Stabilized in any environment.

• Wide range of scalability in data rate

– ultra low data rate (100bps) to low data rate ( 5K bps )

• Suitable method for “discovery” :

– Consider about sending data for ISC.

• Receiving devise use a expansion of sending out data.

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

13Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

Data format with ISC expansion

PN code field( Header )

other part of data( Payload )

For discovery & synchronizationdata block

• Add specific PN (Pseudo Noise) code field in a data block.• The PN-code is a key of discovery.

•“Every natural brightness fluctuation” and the PN-codedo not have a correlation each other.

•“Other part of the block” and the PN-code alsodo not have a correlation each other.

・・・・・・7-13bit length

will be enough.

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

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ISC expansion : receive side process

Signal Position

1

Scene Image

tt1 t2 t3 t4 t5

Image FIFO

Example PNcode= “10110”

……

Matched filter ofheader PN code

For discovery•Discovery and synchronization at the same time•The load of the correlative calculation issame in both 1 signal and 1,000 signals. When there is signal

One signal and many interference

-1 1 1 -1

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A demo movieDiscovery and Tracking using proposed data format

CASIO 2009.Sep. 2minutes.

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16Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

The list of ISC examples

KEIO Univ. (VLCC)

Shizuoka Univ.

NAIST ….etc

SONY (VLCC)Make special

hardware

TOSHIBA (VLCC)

NEC (VLCC)

CASIO (VLCC)use existing sensor

These examples have “discovery” function.

Applicationconscious

PerformanceconsciousImage sensor

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Next....

• Characteristics of ISC

• New MAC concept of ISC

• The example of implementation of CASIO

• Conclusion

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<09-0659-00-0007 >

18Submission to IEEE 802.15 .7

VLC MAC/PHY logical diagram

Low Data Rate PHYfor ISC

High Data Rate PHY

for PD

VLC MAC

ISC MAC

• ISC includes a new concept of MAC, but it may be possible by expansion of conventional MAC.

• From the viewpoint of “time-to-market”, the standardization of ISCshould begin examination by the PHY of the low data rate.

(around 500 toaround 100k bit/s)

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Conclusion•New MAC concept was proposed and explained that “spatial consideration” is mandatory.

•Especially “discover” is essential.

•An effective method for “discovery” was explained.

•As ISC point of view, PHY modulation frequencyshould be considered in law data rate at first.

•ISC is one of the fundamental technology, and not just implementation matter.Spatial consideration for ISC should be discussed in TG7.