doc chapter2 part3 081057

8/13/2019 Doc Chapter2 Part3 081057

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Malaysian Studies- Chapter 2

Part 3


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Racial Problems-problem of

unity Divide & rule policy

Education System during British colonization

different religions & customs

Japanese Occupation


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Member system(page36)

April 1951, British introduce the MemberSystem

Purpose: to appoint the the localrepresentative to the head of department inthe central government.

Benefits: create spirit of cooporation amongthe races through joint administration,encourage understanding among races


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United Malays National

Organization (UMNO) 11th May 1946

Dato Onn bin Jaafar objectives* to unite Malays to oppose Malayan Union* to protect Malays interests* to gain independence from the British


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Dato Onn

: independent Malaya truly inter-racialproposed non-Malays be allowed to

join UMNO

UMNO members: UMNO stood for Malays right, couldnot be multi racial

Sept. 1951, Dato Onn resigned & wasreplaced by Tunku Abdul Rahman


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Malayan Chinese Association (MCA)

27th Feb 1949 Leong Yew Koh

objectives* to protect Chinese interest* to co-operate with the government &

oppose Communism during the

Emergency years* to propose more liberal citizenship

( r ecrui tment of the Chinese into the police & armedforces ; resettl ement of the local community into NewVillages )


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Malayan Indian Congress (MIC)

August 1946 John Thivy objectives* to protect Indians interest * to propose more liberal citizenship

in the earlier years of its information, didnot receive much support because it wasdominated by Indian from the upper class

received full support when the Tamils took

over the party in 1954


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The Fight For Independence

The Elections 1952, elections for local government &

town councils, UMNO-MCA Alliance won9 out of the12 seats contested

general elections in 1955, the Alliance (UMNO-MCA-MIC) 51 out of 52 seats contested

10 Alliances members - MinistersTunku Abdul Rahman - Chief Minister

majority of the Legislative Council - Alliances

members


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UMNOs invitation to form the Alliance that

MCA began to be known as political party The move of alliance proved the open hearted

disposition of the Malay the their willingnessto share power.


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January 1955, Merdeka Mission ( 4 Alliancesrepresentative & 4 sultans ) London

to persuade the British to give fullindependence

British agreed to give independence on 31stAugust 1957


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The Reid Commission

drew up constitution that set up a new democratic& unified Malaya with a firm government - had toconsider the right of Malays, non-Malays & theSultans

131 memorandums were received from individuals& various organizations

the draft of the constitution did not satisfy theAlliance especially the proposals on religion &

citizenship


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Another delegation to London - to clarify certainmatters & amend the draft of the constitution

Merdeka Constitution - ethnic bargain* MIC & MCA agreed to give special right to theMalay & Bahasa Melayu as the national

language* UMNO allowed Chinese & Indian to receivecitizenship & involvement in politics


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Constitution of the federation of Malaya1. The constitution was accepted by Federal Legislative council , 15

AUG 19572. Fundamental Principles:a. Yang di Pertuan Agong is the head of Malayab. The Malay are recognised as the sons of soil and their special

rights are guaranteed in the constitutionc. Malay language-national language, English- can still be used in

Legislative Council for period of 10 yearsd. Person born on or after Independence is automatically a

Malaysian citizene. Islam-main religion, freedom to worship is guaranteed for non-

muslim


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Independence of Malaya

31st August 1957, StadiumMerdeka, Kuala Lumpur,Tunku Abdul Rahman

First Prime Minister --- Tunku AbdulRahman

First YDPA --- Sultan of Negeri Sembilan,

Almarhum Tunku Abdul Rahman ibnialmarhum Tunku Muhammad

First general election --- 1959, Alliance

won 74 out the 104 seats contested

doc chapter2 part3 081057

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