DO WE NEED A STANDAR IN PARENTING

EDUCATIONSYIFA ANDINA & FITRIANA HERARTI

PARENTING EDUCATION IN THE FISRT 1000 DAYS

QUALITATIVE STUDY

Methodology:

• Interview

• Desk Review

BKB PROGRAM

BKKBN

PARENTING CLASS

MOEC

FDS PKH & TEPAK

MOSA

MOTHER CLASS

MOH

REVIEW OF 4 PARENTING EDUCATION PROGRAM IN INDONESIA

MATRIX OF PARENTING EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR UNDER 6

PARENTING EDUCATION FOR THE FIRST 1000 DAYS INCLUDED

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Ideal: 1x/month

Reality:

situational as needed

Ideal: 1x/month

Reality:

situational as needed

Ministry of Education and Culture

(Kemendikbud);Parenting

Numbers of ECE Centers that received operational

support for the activities in 34 provinces*Teacher/Other Speaker

Technical Instruction:

min. 2x/year

Ideal: 1x/month

Reality:

situational/conditional

Ideal: 1x/month

Reality:

situational/conditional

TEPAK Beneficiaries of the program in 34 provinces at sub- Social Worker for Children Tailored to the needs

Ministry of Women Empowerment and

Child Protection (KP-PPA)Puspaga

3 at Province level and 37 at Regency/City

Level***Experts (Doctor,

Psychologist)

Daily services according

to the family conseling

needs

Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) Posyandu Indonesia (at the village/hamlet level)* Posyandu Cadre 1x/month

Ministry of Social Affairs (Kemensos)

Notes

*There is no exact numbers of the program implementation

**BKKBN, 2018. One group approximately has 20-40 families who has young children

***One of them is in Bogor City

Beneficiaries of the program in 34 provinces at sub-

district*Facilitator of PKHFDS PKH

Parenting Program for

Parent of Children Under

the Age of Five (Bina

National Board of Family Planning

(BKKBN)BKB Cadre

89.015 groups across Indonesia at the

village/hamlet level**

Ministries/InstitutionsParenting Education for

Parents Program

Children's Age

Locations of ProgramFacilitator of the

Implemented Activity

Intensity of the

Implementation

Indonesia (at the village level or Puskesmas/Sub-

District level)*Midwife

Indonesia (at the village level or Puskesmas/Sub-

District level)*Midwife

Ministry of Health (Kemenkes)

Class for Mothers with

Children under 5

Class for Pregnant Women

Minimum Standard on Curriculum of Parenting Education Program

✓ Brain development and the Science of ECD

✓ Nutrition

✓ Health and Hygiene

✓ Stimulation and Early Learning

✓ Protection

✓ Maternal Health

✓ Gender

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Brain development and the Science of ECD

▪ The "brain is built" by genes, experience and environment - a combination of "nature with nurture”.▪ A baby's brain development begins before birth and is influenced by a pregnant woman’s health, nutrition and

environment.▪ After birth, a baby's brain develops at a speed that is never again repeated - and this early brain development

influences a child's later ability to learn, perform tasks, adapt to change and face difficult situations with resilience.

▪ Positive experiences influence positive brain development which includes good nutrition, sensory and motor stimulation, nurturing interactions and protection provided by family members or caregivers.

▪ Negative experiences such as neglect, stress, violence and exposure to pollution harm a baby's brain development and could almost have early brain development and have lifelong consequences.

▪ The basic things that every IYC should have for optimal brain development are nutrition, protection, and stimulation.

▪ Caregivers generally practice positive daily practices across several domains, such as:Communication: singing, reading, talking, gesturing, babbling, cooing, etc.;

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Nutrition

• Immediate initiation of breastfeeding (within one hour of birth) and exclusive breastfeeding for six months.• Appropriate introduction of complementary foods at six months and continued breastfeeding for at least two

years.• Adequate intake of vitamin A and iron for children.• Adequate intake of iodine for all members of the household.• Promotion of nutritional care for sick and severely malnourished children through Community-based

Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) or other available services.• Some populations, such as low birth-weight babies, orphans, families affected by HIV and AIDS, and infants and

young children with disabilities, may require specialized nutrition or feeding interventions or support.• Children 0–5 years have access to Vitamin A, deworming, and immunization boosters every six months.

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Health and Hygiene

▪ Infant and mother visits the nearest healthcare professional within the first week of life.

▪ Child regularly visits a health professional during the first year of life and periodically thereafter to ensure growth, development, and receive vaccinations on the appropriate immunization schedule, plus bringing the immunization card to keep record.

▪ Child receives medical treatment within 3 days of illness.▪ Child sleeps under a mosquito net.▪ Child is bathed and provided to wash hands regularly.▪ Water is boiled and tested for the child.

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Stimulation and Early Learning

▪ Forming attachments and responding to children's signals, including when a child is grieving or distressed.

▪ Language stimulation and ongoing language development and communication support.▪ Child's learning, development of new skills and communication through play, singing, and

telling stories.▪ Opportunities are needed to develop motor skills (i.e. crawling, sitting, etc.), explore and

play with a variety of objects in a clean, safe, stable environment and with peers, and to develop independence and simple self-care.

▪ Age appropriate entry into a safe, non-discriminatory early learning program, especially for girls (including opportunities to interact with peers - e.g. play).

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Protection

▪ Establishing a safe environment for children to live in, free from harm, violence and abuse (verbal, physical, and sexual) where they are treated with equal importance by their caregivers.

▪ Identify signs of mental illness, disability, etc.▪ Link the child to age-appropriate psychosocial support, as needed.▪ Support and link children in suspected cases of child abuse and neglect with community-

based mechanisms and government authorities.▪ Understand and practice positive discipline with their infants and young children.▪ Recognition that the child is a citizen of the state e.g. birth registration; encourage

parents or caregivers to register their children so he/she has access to health, education and protection services.

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Maternal Health

• Adequate prenatal and postnatal care for mothers, linking mother to a health facility or community health volunteer or other medial professionals available at the local level.

• Provide information on danger signs for maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality including HIV risk.• Attendance of a skilled birth professional.• Optimal nutrition for women, especially during pregnancy.• Adequate intake of vitamins A, iron, and folic acid for women of reproductive age (plus calcium for

pregnant women).• Expectant mothers identifying birth plans with healthcare professionals at the local level.• Expectant mothers identify how they will feed their baby and what support is needed at home or at work

to do so.• Expectant mothers know what to expect while pregnant and in the first year in terms of baby's

development and self-care practices.• Other caregivers support expectant and new mothers in eating habits, getting rest, domestic work, etc.• Pregnant women and mothers are free from all forms of harm, neglect and abuse and know how to seek

help if they experience any form of this.

The minimum standard of parenting curriculum developed by ChildFund International.

Gender

• How gender roles affect childcare is considered (i.e. If a mother is expected to work and take care of the household, how this impacts the quality of childcare).

• Consider environmental, cultural, and traditional perceptions of gender roles, masculinity, and femininity.• Considers how perceptions of gender roles affect the perception and treatment of women and men in that

specific environment, culture, and country.• Considers how perceptions of gender roles and how these are acted upon affect views of marriage/unions

and childcare.• Considers how women and viewed in society.• Considers the amount of support a male or female receives from family members for taking care of the

household and on working to earn income (including differences and extent of differences).• Considers rates of postpartum depression and how it affects gender roles and the mother's expectations in

taking care of the family.• Considers if you get better medical treatment / health care and if you are treated differently in the medical

field (inclusive of issues of pain management, etc.).• Dst…

The result of mapping the curriculum

National Board of

Family Planning

Ministry of

Education and

Culture

Ministry of

Health

ChildFUnd

Indonesia

BKB Program TEPAK ProgramFDS-PKH

ProgramParenting Class

Mother/Toddle

r Class

Responsive

Parenting

Brain development and the

Science of ECD

All key messages

are compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Most key

messages are not

yet available

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

Few key

messages are

not available

Nutrition

All key messages

are compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Not available

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

Not available

Health and Hygiene

All key messages

are compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Not available

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

All key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

Not available

Stimulation and Early Learning

All key messages

are compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Most key

messages are not

yet available

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

All key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

Protection

All key messages

are compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

All key messages

are compatible

to responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Most key

messages are

not yet

available

Most key

messages are

not yet

available

Maternal Health

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Not available

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting theme

standards

Almost all key

messages are

compatible to

responsive

parenting

theme

standards

Not available

Gender

Most key

messages are not

yet available

Not available Not available Not available Not available Not available

Standard Minimum Content

of Parenting Program

ChildFund International

Ministry of Social Affairs

Compatibility with the theme of the material in the Ministry/Institutional Parenting Program

Minimum Standard on Delivery of Parenting Education Program

1: Learning

Interaction

2: Regular

Meeting

3: Counseling 4: Support To

Facilitator

5: Adult Learning

Approach

6: Referral System 7: Mentoring &

Monitoring

8:Local

Government

Support

Best Practices from other country

The Philippines

01

02

03

Policy on Single Parent Support

Ensure the Policy in place…for the program taking action

Policy on Parenting

Best Practices from other country

UNITED KINGDOM

The Family Care Framework

Specific

Program

Targeted Program

General Parenting Program

DO WE NEED A STANDARD

IN PARENTING EDUCATION ??

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