do nowdo now list the path of this morning’s breakfast through the digestive tract, from start to...
TRANSCRIPT
Gallbladder
Located right below liver
Stores bile
Helps break down large fat molecules into smaller particles
Fat gets absorbed, the then the bile is also reabsorbed back into the liver
Large Intestines
Last major part of the digestive system
Function is to remove water from indigestible food, and then pass waste material from the body
Takes approx. 16 hours to finish digestion
Liver
Important in metabolism, glycogen storage and detoxification
Many vital functions
Secretes bile
Cannot live without a liver
Small Intestines
Digestion using enzymes
Main site of absorption of nutrients
Includes Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
Don’t get punched in the jejunum…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oHulRDk__ko
Review
STOMACH
The diameter and volume of the stomach varies depending on the amount of food it contains Can hold up to 1 gallon of food
When it is empty, it collapses inward and folds into “rugae”
Main functions “Storage tank” Food break down Minimal absorption
Stomach
Site of breakdown of proteins
Contains deep gastric pits which house protein-digesting enzymes What is an enzyme?
Cells produce Hydrochloric Acid creating a highly acidic nature in the stomach
Stomach maintains a pH of approx. 2.0 Very Acidic? Mildly Acidic? Mildly Basic? Very Basic?
Stomach
If the stomach is so acidic, why does it not eat away at itself? The Answer: Mucous
Ulcers are the result of gastric juice penetrating the lining of the stomach Caused by bacteria becoming present on the
stomach lining and prevents the secretion of mucous
Duodenum
First part of the small intestines
Chyme enters duodenum by spurts from the stomach Chyme?
Proteins and carbohydrates are now partially digested
Fats not yet started to become digested
Pancreas
Releases pancreatic juice into the small intestines
Neutralizes the acidic material from the stomach
Small Intestines
Approximately 3 meters long
Numerous projections called villi that function to increase surface area Total surface area of 500-600 square meters Why is increased surface area important?
Large Intestines
Also called the colon Colon cancer?
Receives approximately 10 liters of water per day 1.5 L from food 8.5 L is from secretions
Last major part of the digestive system
Function is to remove water from indigestible food, and then pass waste material from the body
Takes approx. 16 hours to finish digestion
Large Intestines
Also absorbs sodium and other ions
If water is not absorbed, diarrhea can result Causes dehydration and ion loss
Polyps
Small growths in the lining of the colon (large intestines)
Cancerous (malignant) or benign Benign?
Low-fat, high-fiber diets are recommened to protect against colon cancer