Do NowDo Now

When the map appears, list what numbers When the map appears, list what numbers 1-6 represent.1-6 represent.

ItalyItaly MacedoniaMacedonia Adriatic Sea Adriatic Sea Greece Greece CyprusCyprus TurkeyTurkey ConstantinopleConstantinople Spain Spain Mediterranean Sea Sparta Mediterranean Sea Sparta Aegean Sea Aegean Sea

Black SeaBlack Sea

11

22

33

Key: Cities are red, Countries are green, bodies of water are blue

44

55

66

The Split Between the The Split Between the ChurchesChurches

Byzantine Empire UnitByzantine Empire Unit

Christianity in the Byzantine EmpireChristianity in the Byzantine Empire

Official religion of Byzantine Official religion of Byzantine EmpireEmpire

Church worked closely with Church worked closely with governmentgovernment

Emperor was believed to be Emperor was believed to be Christ’s representative on Christ’s representative on Earth.Earth.

The Issue of IconsThe Issue of Icons

The Issue of IconsThe Issue of IconsDivided church for 100 years; final straw in Divided church for 100 years; final straw in the splitthe splitSome believed icons to be worshipped, Some believed icons to be worshipped, some saw them as symbols of God’s some saw them as symbols of God’s presence. presence. AD 726 – Byzantine Emperor Leo III ends AD 726 – Byzantine Emperor Leo III ends use of icons in church.use of icons in church.Followers known as iconoclasts = image Followers known as iconoclasts = image breakers.breakers.Many refused to follow; AD 787 church Many refused to follow; AD 787 church appeals decisionappeals decision

Let’s Get Ready to Rumble!Let’s Get Ready to Rumble!Fight damaged Eastern/Western ChurchFight damaged Eastern/Western Church

Pope (from Rome) has Leo III (from Pope (from Rome) has Leo III (from Constantinople) excommunicated (kicked out Constantinople) excommunicated (kicked out of the Church)of the Church)

Pope liked icons because many in West Pope liked icons because many in West were illiterate and pictures helped the servicewere illiterate and pictures helped the service

Patriarch (like the Pope in the east) of Patriarch (like the Pope in the east) of Constantinople refuses to recognize Pope Constantinople refuses to recognize Pope because the Emperor (Leo) was Christ’s because the Emperor (Leo) was Christ’s representative on Earth. representative on Earth.

The Pope & the Byzantine Empire The Pope & the Byzantine Empire Break UpBreak Up

Pope breaks ties with Byzantine EmpirePope breaks ties with Byzantine EmpireCrowns Charlemagne, Emperor of Holy Crowns Charlemagne, Emperor of Holy Roman Empire. (shows the Pope is in Roman Empire. (shows the Pope is in charge of politics in the west)charge of politics in the west)Byzantines become upset, leads to Great Byzantines become upset, leads to Great Schism of 1054.Schism of 1054.Schism – split or breaking upSchism – split or breaking upEastern Orthodox Church born in Eastern Orthodox Church born in Constantinople and Roman Catholic Constantinople and Roman Catholic Church based in RomeChurch based in Rome

Roman Catholicism v.Roman Catholicism v. Eastern OrthodoxEastern Orthodox

Roman Catholicism – Roman Catholicism – In WestIn West

Centered in RomeCentered in Rome Priests were celibatePriests were celibate Latin used in servicesLatin used in services Supported use of Supported use of

iconsicons Headed by PopeHeaded by Pope Becomes Roman Becomes Roman

Catholic ChurchCatholic Church

Eastern Orthodox – Eastern Orthodox – In EastIn East

Centered in Centered in ConstantinopleConstantinople

Priests could marryPriests could marry Greek used in servicesGreek used in services Forbid use of iconsForbid use of icons Headed by PatriarchHeaded by Patriarch Becomes Eastern Becomes Eastern

Orthodox ChurchOrthodox Church

Cyril Spreads ChristianityCyril Spreads Christianity

Byzantine monks traditionally spread Byzantine monks traditionally spread Christianity.Christianity.Most famous was Cyril, traveled Slavic regions Most famous was Cyril, traveled Slavic regions of Eastern Europe.of Eastern Europe.Gained followers and made major contribution of Gained followers and made major contribution of Cyrillic alphabet. Cyrillic alphabet. Most Slavs were illiterate so he designed an Most Slavs were illiterate so he designed an alphabet based on Greek and their language.alphabet based on Greek and their language.Cyrillic alphabet – based loosely on Greek Cyrillic alphabet – based loosely on Greek alphabet; still used in parts of Europe alphabet; still used in parts of Europe

The Cyrillic AlphabetThe Cyrillic Alphabet

ReflectionReflection

How do you think the split in the church How do you think the split in the church may affect the long term cultural may affect the long term cultural differences in the east and the west?differences in the east and the west?