Do Now

• What is a rock?• Why do you think rocks look different?

Objective

I will be able to describe how igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are formed.

Rock Cycle Video

Types of Rock

Sedimentary Rock Formation

• Sedimentary rocks are formed from loose pieces of sediment and sand which are pressed and cemented together; The layers get squashed together.

Sedimentary Rock Vocabulary

Sediments- broken rock materials; may also contain plant and animal matter.

Weathering- the breakdown of rock by wind and water.

Erosion-is the transporting of the broken rock material, or sediments, to a new location, where it is deposited.

Compaction- process where the upper layers put pressure on the lower layers causing small sediments to stick together

Cementation- a solution of minerals and water seeps between large sediments and "glues" them together.

Sedimentary Rock Characteristics

• Flat or curved layers• Particle size may be the same or

vary • Usually has pores between

pieces

Sandstone, Limestone, Shale, Conglomerate

Metamorphic Rock Formation

• Metamorphic rock is formed from preexisting rocks when heat, pressure and stress cause cause the rock to melt and turn into magma.

Metamorphic Rock Vocabulary

• Metamorphosis- "change" or "transformation". • Magma is melted rock trapped

beneath the Earth's surface. • Lava is magma that has reached

the Earth's surface.

Metamorphic Rock Characteristics

• Can be formed from igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, or other metamorphic rocks.

• May have alternate bands of light and dark minerals

• Rarely has pores or openings

Gneiss, Marble, Quartzite, Slate

Igneous Rock Formation

• Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens.

Igneous Rock Vocabulary

• Extrusive- Igneous rock that forms above the Earth's surface. • Intrusive- Igneous rock that forms

below the Earth's surface.

Igneous Rock Characteristics

• Normally contains no fossils • Usually made of two or more minerals • May be light or dark colored • May be fine-grained or glassy (extrusive)

Granite, Basalt, Obsidian

Rock Cycle Journey

• Worksheet• Comic Strip

Objective

I will be able to describe how igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are formed.

Rock Cycle

Do Now

• Take out your Homework and place it on the front edge of the table.

• What is the rock cycle?

Objective

I will be able to describe the rock cycle.

Igneous Rock Crystallization

• When it cools slowly it forms coarse-grained rocks.

• When it cools fast if forms fine-grained rocks.

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0603/es0603page05.cfm

Rock Cycle Graphic Organizer

Turn it over and write the following on the back

The Rock Cycle is a process that builds, destroys and changes the

rocks in the crust.

Where do the rock cycle facts go?

Wind + water (weathering) = breakdown rocks

Broken Rocks + plant & animal matter = sediment

Pre-existing rock + heat and pressure = melted rocks

Small sediments + pressure of upper layers = compaction

Lava Cools and Hardens = Extrusive Rock

Broken rocks + deposited at new location= erosion

Large sediments are glued together = cementation.

Quick Cooling Magma = Fine-grained rocks

Slow Cooling Magma = Coarse-grained rocks

Magma Cools and Hardens = Intrusive Rock

Exit Ticket

• How are sedimentary rocks formed?• How are metamorphic rocks formed?• How are igneous rocks formed?

Do Now

• What are minerals?• Where do you think you could find minerals in

nature?

Rocks and Minerals

Rocks and Minerals Graphic Organizer

Minerals Video

Characteristics of Minerals

1. Must be a solid2. Must occur in nature3. Chemical composition4. Crystalline structure5. Must be inorganic

Characteristics of Rocks

1. Mixtures of different types of minerals2. May contain organic materials3. Many rocks are not solid (magma)4. Naturally occurring

Rock/Mineral Data Table

Sample ColorTexture (Fine or Coarse)

Shiny or Dull

Smooth or Rough

Looks like glass or metal

Size (in. or cm.)

Rock Group (igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary)

Mineral?

Analyze and Conclude

• Use your samples and table to answer the following questions.

• Which of the samples could be a mineral? What physical properties do they share with the other samples? How are they different?

• What properties were most useful in classifying the samples? Why?

Exit Ticket

• How are rocks and minerals different?