Do Now:Read A Story That Matters, Painting the Sistine Chapel on p. 374

1. Who hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

2. What was Michelangelo’s attitude toward his art?

3. How is the authority of the pope evident in this story?

Answers:1. Pope Julius II2. Very serious; he did not want to finish until he was satisfied.3. Michelangelo did not want to paint it, but the pope insisted; ceiling

was finished early to please the pope

THE RENAISSANCE

Rebirth of Learning

1300-1600"The Arnolfini Marriage“

by Jan van Eyck

What was the Renaissance?

• French word means “REBIRTH”

• Period when scholars (called humanists) become interested in Greek and Roman culture

• Period when culture thrived (art, architecture, music, and literature)

How did the culture from the Middle Ages differ from that of the Renaissance?

Middle Ages

• Towns small in size and numbers

• Economy based on farming on manor.

Renaissance

• Towns grow in size and numbers

• Economy based on trade in towns/ cities

Continued

Middle Ages

• Nobles have most of power

• Status determined by birth

Renaissance

• Middle class merchants have most of power

• Status determined by wealth and ability

Continued

Middle Ages

• Emphasized faith and tradition

• Glorified god

• Church dominated life

Renaissance

• Emphasized reason and logic

• Glorified the individual

• Guilds (Jobs) dominated life

Continued

Middle Ages

• People did things for glory of god

• Latin language of literature

• Little cultural achievement

Renaissance

• People did it for Money and Fame.

• French, Italian, Spanish, German, English

• Great cultural achievement

Where did the Renaissance begin?

• City-states of Northern Italy

• Florence

• Venice

• Milan

Why did the Renaissance begin in Northern Italy?

Hint: It’s the same reason art flourishes in cities today.

• $$$ from trade and new banking industries to pay for artwork.

• Medici family in Florence gave financial support to artists to beautify city and mansions

How did Renaissance art differ from art of the past?

Egyptian Art

Middle Ages Art

Les Tres riches heures du Duc de Berry

What general similarities do these early

artwork share?

• One dimensional

• Few colors-early paints mixture of egg, vinegar, and dyes.

• Few background details

• Lacked realism

Now let us examine some art and artists from the Renaissance!

• What differences do you notice between the early artwork and the artwork from the Renaissance?

Leonardo da Vinci• illegitimate child

from 1452 • Jack of all trades:

painter, sculptor, inventor, scientist

• Many of his paintings today are thought to have hidden symbols that show his disdain for the church.

Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci: The Last Supper original 14ft x 29ft

Last Supper: reproduction

Today many historians and writers feel Da Vinci had hidden messages in his works.

• Here are a few of the more popular theories….

• Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code-Best Selling Book and Movie

• Javier Sierra’s The Secret Supper

Dan Brown: Da Vinci Code

• Why does the apostle John look more like a Jane?

• Theory: The apostle is actually Mary Magdalene.

Javier Sierra: The Secret Supper

• Why is Peter holding a Knife?

• Theory: Pope descended from Peter-represents Popes misguiding Christianity and God.

Other theories by Javier Sierra

• The one of the three men to Jesus’ far left is drawn with the face of Da Vinci and represent his disdain with the church.

• First painting of Jesus or apostles with out sanctifying halos; sees them as men.

Womb

golden ratio (1.618)

"From the roots of his hair to the bottom of his chin is a tenth of a man's height; from the bottom of the chin to the top of the head is one eighth of his height; from the top of the breast to the roots of the hair will be the seventh part of the whole man. "

~ Notebooks of Leonardo

Vitruvian Man: Perfect Proportion

The Phi ratio is often found reflected in nature- in the spirals of the nautilus, in the growth patterns of plants, the structure of DNA. Buildings such as the Parthenon and the Cathedral at Chartres were built using the Golden Proportion.

Early Design of the Machine Gun

Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet.

Michelangelo

Michelangelo: David

The Ultimate Masterpiece:The Sistine Chapel

Creation of Adam

Temptation and expulsion from eden

Raphael: School of Athens

The School of Athens: Michelangelo

School of Athens: Plato and Aristotle

Jan Van Eyck: Wedding Portrait

What’s so great about the Renaissance art?

• More realistic

• More detail

• More vibrant colors : Oil Paints

• Use of perspective: 3-D, uses shading, vanishing point

How perspective works?

Perspective Study for "Adoration of the Magi"

Marriage of The Virgin

Raphael

Marriage of The Virgin

Raphael

Andrea Mantegna c. 1480

How were Renaissance artists suddenly

able to draw with photographic abilities?

• Let’s go to another 60 minute clip to find out.