Do Now 1. Define respiration

2. Why do organisms need energy?

3. What part of the organism actually uses the energy?

4. Which organic compound provides immediate energy for living organisms?

Glucose molecule= C6H12O6

Write a summary equation for cellular respiration

AIM: How do cells release the energy from the glucose molecule?

I. Two kinds of respiration A. AnaerobicB. Aerobic

II. Two levels of respiration C. Cellular- Chemical reactionD. Organism- How organisms exchange respiratory

gases (CO2 and O2)

Cellular respiration

A. Anaerobic Respiration (aka Fermentation)1. Word equation• Yeast: (Important in brewing and baking)Glucose Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + EnergyC6H12O6 C2H5OH + CO2 + ATP

• Animals: (In muscle cells during exercise)Glucose Lactic Acid + Energy C6H12O6 C3H6O3 + ATP

2. Chemical Reaction

DO NOW

• Summary equation for anaerobic respiration:

• Word equation:

• Chemical reaction:

Summary

• What is the MAIN product of respiration?• What are the by-products of aerobic

respiration? • What is the net gain of ATP molecules per

each glucose molecule? • Are there any C-C or C-H bonds left in the by-

products? • Name 2 aerobes

• Write a summary equation for aerobic respiration

• Which process produces more energy for the cell to use? How do you know?

• Which process is more efficient? How do you know?

Do Now

• Which biochemical is needed by organisms to carry out the life processes?

• From where do organisms get this biochemical?

• Where in an organism does the chemical process of respiration take place?

• What is ATP?

• Organisms need substances called adenine and phosphates to build ATP molecules. From where do organisms get these materials? (Think-pair-share)

ATP

• ATP works like a rechargeable battery. Energy can be released by converting ATP to ADP, which is like the “uncharged” form.

• By binding to a phosphate group, ADP can be converted back to ATP the “charged” form.

Check your understanding…

In living plants, when does respiration occur?1. only during digestion2. only in the daytime3. only in total darkness4. all the time

A compound that is synthesized by both humans and geranium plants is1. cellulose2. ATP3. ethyl alcohol4. chlorophyll

In humans, which substance is produced anaerobically during strenuous activity?1. lactic acid2. glycogen3. carbon dioxide4. alcohol

Which process provides most of the oxygen found in Earth's atmosphere?1. photosynthesis2. aerobic respiration3. dehydration synthesis4. fermentation

In the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll serves as1. an end-product2. a raw material3. an energy converter4. a hydrogen acceptor

Through the use of oxygen-18 (heavy oxygen), scientists have found that the oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from molecules of1. carbon dioxide2. water3. glucose4. chlorophyll

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The diagram below represents a plant cell.

Which process takes place in structure A?

(1) cellular respiration(2) heterotrophic nutrition(3) digestion of fats(4) protein synthesis

Regents Practice Question # 9

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The diagram below represents a biochemical process.Which molecule is represented by X?

(1) DNA (2) protein (3) starch (4) ATP

Regents Practice Question # 11

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Regents Practice Question # 12

In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?

(1) They both occur in chloroplasts.(2) They both require sunlight.(3) They both involve organic and inorganic

molecules.(4) They both require oxygen and produce carbon dioxide

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. The diagram below represents a cell found in some complex organisms. The enlarged section represents an organelle, labeled X, found in this cell.

Describe the function of organelle X and explain how it is important to the survival of the cell. In your answer, be sure to:

• identify organelle X [1]• state the process that this organelle performs [1]• identify the two raw materials that are needed for this process to occur [1]• identify one molecule produced by this organelle and explain why it is important to the organism [2]

Regents Practice Question # 13

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Regents Practice Question # 13 (Answer)

•Organelle x is the mitochondria

•It is the site for cellular respiration to take place.

•Glucose and Oxygen are the raw materials.

•ATP is a molecule that is produced from cellular respiration. It is important because it is the fuel for the cell.