Do Now– 04/231) What two groups fought in the Civil

War?

2) Name at least one state in each group?

3) Which side do you think has the advantage and why?

BORDER STATEA state with legalized slavery that stayed a part of the Union: Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware.

** West Virginia will eventually secede from Virginia and make a fifth border state.

Do Now– 04/24

1) What is a Border State?

2) Name the 5 border states.

When you are done, work on your maps.

Background Information on the Eve of the Civil War.

Pages 4-6

Format: around the room you will find the information to fill in pages 4-6.Answer the questions OUTLOUD once you have recorded the information.• North will be in the

right column

• South will be in the left column

You and your partner are going to have a MINI-debate!

Person A is going to defend the North,

Person B is going to defend the South.

Each person gets 1 min. to make their opening argument, then we have 2 minutes of discussion.

Prove to your partner that YOUR side is going to win!

ASSIGNMENTAnswer Essential Question # 1 on page 18. Use the information you have collected today to do this!

ALSO– fill in your VOCAB: Secede and Civil War (with visual)

Important people: Fill in what you know about Abraham Lincoln, and Jefferson Davis.

Uniform Color (you will have to draw a box in for this.

• Blue • Grey

Union, United States of America, Federals, USA

Confederacy, Confederate States of America, CSA

USE YOUR MAPS!!!

Slang Names for Troops: This is on the last page!

• Federals, Yanks, Billy Yanks, Yankees, Blues, Bluebellies

• Rebels, Rebs, Graybacks, Butternuts (they ate a lot of butternut squash in the South), Johnnies, Gray

FlagThe South had many different flags before they settled on the Confederate Flag. Including the Bonnie Blue Flag (far right) and the Stars and Bars (directly below blue flag). They settled on the flag below, though the other flags were still sometimes used.

UNION FLAG:Had the typical Stars and Stripes. It had 34 stars: 23 for the states that stayed in the Union, and 11 more for the confederate states. The USA never recognized the legitimacy of the Confederacy.

Population• 22,000,000

• 9,000,000 • 3,500,000 were slaves

Would the slaves fight for the Confederacy? What is the actual population that is willing to support fight for the CSA?

Beyond having more soldiers, what else can a large population do for the war effort?

Capital Cities

Washington, D.C. • Richmond, Virginia

Industrial Development• 92% of the Nation’s

industries were in the North• Very little industrial

development; mostly an agrarian (farming) economy

Railroad Mileage• 75% of the nation’s railroad miles

were in the North• Many fewer miles of railroads in the

South

Why does industry matter in a war? (what do soldiers need to fight?) How do RRs matter? If you don’t have RRs, how do you transport things to the front line? (Front line is the place where fighting is happening)

Financial Resources• Had 75% of the nation’s wealth

in banking, manufacturing and shipping industries

• Most of the wealth was in land and slaves

If you own land but you need money, what do you need to do? How does create a problem for wealthy plantation owners once the war starts?

Also– what happens to your wealth if your slaves escape/are killed? As the war progresses– is it going to be easier or harder to keep your slaves working? Why?

Naval Power– how does having a large navy relate to industry?Large navy which grew even larger as

the war progressed.• Virtually no navy at the start of the

war.

PRESIDENT• Abraham Lincoln

– Experience as a lawyer, limited experience in Congress, and virtually no military experience.

• Jefferson Davis– Senator from

Mississippi and Secretary of War

– Military experience in the Mexican War

Pretend like you know nothing about these men except their experience– who would you rather have as your president? Why?

Generals– Military Leadership

• Few West Point Military Academy graduates.

• Lincoln will struggle to appoint a good general for his army through the start of the war as general after general fails.

• Most of the great military leaders are from the South– fight with the South.

• Brilliant, bold military leaders from Virginia Military Institute (VMI), West Point and other academies.

West Point Military Academy is in the SOUTH– which side do you think these generals fought with?

Northern Fighting Strategies(you only need to write the italics)

• The North will never recognize the South’s independence. Throughout the war, the North continues to pass laws like the South is under their control.

• Bring the South back to the Union ASAP. Can they bring the South back if their militaries are still

fighting? • Strangle the South with a naval blockade (Anaconda Plan).The North used their navy to surround the South and choke it

(not allow ships in or out), similar to an anaconda. Does the South have industries to make their own supplies?

Is their cotton any good without industry? Why is the anaconda plan so effective?

Southern Fighting Strategies(you only need the italics)

• Capture Washington, D.C.

Its right there next to Virginia!• Fight a defensive war until the Union no longer has

the will to fight.

If the people in the North get tired– what will they do? Does the South need to defeat the entire Northern military?

• Stress how secession is a parallel with the 13 colonies pulling out of the British Empire in 1776.

Get opinion on their side– they are fighting for liberty!

Cause for Fighting

• To preserve the Union.

• AFTER 1863– to end slavery.

• To gain independence• To save “The

Southern Way of Life” (which included slavery).

• For their state.• Protect their homes.

If Texas decided to secede– would you give up your life to keep it a part of the USA? Your family member’s life?What if an outside force invaded your home? Then would you be willing to fight?Which side has a more powerful cause for fighting?

Northern Miscellany (Just copy italics)• Battles were fought away from home.What is the advantage to this? (where is the damage

happening) What is the disadvantage? (why would this make it harder to fight?)

• Less skilled in the military arts– grew up in cities!• Thousands of immigrants were fighting for no purpose

that made sense to them.Sometimes an immigrant would arrive– be handed a gun

and a uniform and sent to the South. • Farm Acreage: 65%; dominant crops- wheat and corn

good source of food– they don’t need to trade.• Divided politically– many people are against the war.People don’t want the deaths– just let the South secede!

Southern Miscellany (Just copy italics)• Traditionally protecting their homes and way of life.Even those that didn’t believe in the cause were

motivated when the North started destroying their land/homes.

• Fought on their own land, which they therefore knew better than their opponents.

• Military tradition: nearly every male citizen skilled at riding horses and using rifles skillfully.

They grew up in rural areas, most hunted and knew how to navigate the outdoors.

• Violence was a traditional aspect of Southern Society.The South glorified violence, and so young men had lots

of practice fighting.