do changing arctic environments need new rules? dr. chanda meek, uaf dept. of political science
DESCRIPTION
WARMING BOUNDARY WATERS Source: NOAA Arctic Report Card 2013TRANSCRIPT
DO CHANGING ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS NEED NEW
RULES?
Dr. Chanda Meek, UAF Dept. of Political Science
WARMING BOUNDARY WATERS
Source: NOAA Arctic Report Card 2013
CHANGE IN TUNDRA GREENNESS
CARIBOU AND REINDEER HERDS CHANGING
SURPRISES: 2013 TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY
SURPRISES: ICE FORECASTING
FROM GOVERNMENT TO GOVERNANCE
THE POWER OF RULES• Rules:• shape behavior• define relationships• enhance trust• help shape expectations
THE DOWNSIDE OF RULES• Can become “sticky”
• Can reinforce unequal power relations
• Can attract and reward organized outside interests
TYPES OF RULES• Slow rules:• culture• “constitutional” rules — rules
about rules• language• shared norms
TYPES OF RULES• Fast “operational” rules:
• agreements• “good neighbor policies”• stipulations• permit conditions
EMERGENCY RULES
TYPES OF RULES• Mid-speed rules
• link fast “operational” rules to shared values
• define important areas/ideas/values• shape human action in the long
term
PLANNING AND COMMUNITY VALUES
WHEN RULES CHANGE• Three theories of why rules are
created and changed:
• change in utility• change in power• change in norms
GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Fast rules lack
• democratic “vetting”• cannot handle long time frames,
large scales, or complex problems
GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Slow rules• may take generations• subject to hard politics• difficult to “steer”
GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Mid-speed rules• do not require redistribution of
power• are ripe for partnerships• can define a “new normal”