do any of these not exist? are any ionic compounds? 8 notes class.pdf · exceptions to the octet...
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Chapter8Notes.notebook
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Jan 45:29 PM
Chapter 8 Covalent Bonding8.1 Molecular Compounds
Monatomic ex: He, Ne
Salts (ionic bonds ‐ metal/nonmetal) High MP
Molecule‐neutral group of atoms ‐covalent bonds
Jan 45:34 PM
Diatomic Molecules
Jan 45:39 PM
Covalent Bonds
Nonmetals with similar electronegativities
Electrons are shared
Form molecular compounds
Jan 49:45 PM
Properties of Molecular Compounds
lower MP and BP than ionic compounds
many are gases or liquids at room T
most made of two or more nonmetals
Jan 49:50 PM
What do Molecular Formulas tell us?
Jan 49:56 PM
Br2 KBr CH4 SO3N2H2 Ne2
Do any of these NOT exist?
Are any ionic compounds?
Which formulas represent molecules?
How many atoms are in SO3?
Chapter8Notes.notebook
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Jan 410:09 PM
Octet Rule and Covalent Bonding...
they still want to be like a Noble gas
Jan 410:18 PM
Single Covalent Bonds
Jan 410:20 PM
Structural Formulas
Unshaired Pair
Jan 410:26 PM
Jan 410:57 PM
Double and Triple Covalent Bonds
Jan 411:02 PM
Chapter8Notes.notebook
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Jan 56:28 PM
Carbon Dioxide
Jan 410:31 PM
Draw electron dot structures for each molecule.Chlorine gasBromine
H2O2PCl3 NF3
SBr2
Jan 56:51 PM
Resonance Structures
O3
Jan 56:43 PM
Bond Dissociation Energy‐energy needed to break 1 mole of bonds
‐high energy = strong covalent bond
C C = 347 kj/mol
C C = 657 kj/mol
C C = 908 kj/mol
Jan 411:00 PM
Coordinate Covalent Bonds
C O C O
Shared e‐ pair comes from one of the bonding atoms
Jan 96:49 PM
Chapter8Notes.notebook
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Jan 56:36 PM
SO2
Coordinate covalent bond Electron pair donated by S
SO42‐
Jan 56:57 PM
Exceptions to the Octet
NO2
P and S can have expanded octets
BF3
Jan 57:19 PM
Molecular Orbitals
Jan 57:20 PM
Jan 57:24 PM Jan 57:11 PM
VSEPR Theory
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Jan 57:12 PM Jan 1112:02 PM
Focus on regions of electron density
http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Lecture/Chapter10/VSEPR.html
Jan 1112:03 PM Jan 168:10 PM
8.4 Polar Bonds and Molecules
Polar covalent
Nonpolar covalent
Jan 1112:24 PM
Bond Polarity
Look at difference in electronegativity of atoms involved in bond
What you need to know....
0‐0.4 = nonpolar >1.7 = ionic
Jan 1112:45 PM
Polar Molecules
(dipole)
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Feb 56:10 PM
INTERmolecular vs. INTRAmolecular Forces
INTRAmolecular‐
Ionic Bond
Covalent Bond
Metallic Bond
Feb 56:20 PM
‐BP is good measure of IMF
weaker than ionic or covalent bonds that join the atoms in molecules
INTERmolecular Forces‐attraction between 2 or more molecules
‐IMFs govern many physical properties like BP, MP, viscosity, surface tension
What would happen if there were no IMFs?
Jan 1112:45 PM
Van der Waals Forces
Dipole Dipole interactions
Dispersion Forces
1.
‐only IMF among Noble gas atoms and nonpolar molecules (resulting in their low BP)‐force increases with mass
‐attraction between polar molecules (dipoles)
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‐a temporary dipole moment is created
Jan 168:28 PM
2. Hydrogen Bonds
H‐FH‐OH‐N
‐H bonded to strongly EN atom
‐Strongest of IMF
Chapter8Notes.notebook
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Jan 1112:24 PM
Covalent Network Solids
Jan 1112:52 PM
Jan 1112:53 PM