dna
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Who is DNA?
• DNA is a nickname which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
• It is located in every cell’s nucleus.• Four chemical bases that help form DNA:
– Adenine (A)– Guanine (G)– Cytosine (C)– Thymine (T)
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The DNA Family Reunion
• Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine pair up into groups (2)– A T; G C
• Each pairs connects with a sugar and phosphate molecule called a nucleotide.– Double Helix
• DNA can make copies of itself.
• Helps cells divide because they need the exact old copy.
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Information• James Watson
discovered DNA ’53• DNA can replicate
itself and direct protein synthesis.
• A.K.A nucleic acids
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DNA has friends!!
• Gene – distinct part of the DNA (25,000)
• Proteins – DNA plays a key role in protein synthesis and allows proteins to combine with one another.
• Chromosomes – genes are packaged in chromosomes and determine body characteristics. (23 pairs)
• RNA (BFF)
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DNA’s BFF
• RNA wants to be just like DNA but can’t.
• Three differences:– RNA has one strand– Replaces Thymine with Uracil.– RNA does not have a hydroxyl group.
• Not very long strands, packed tightly.
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DNA’s Daily Life
• Without DNA, you’d be dead.
• It’s in every cell of the body and controls the function and structure of the body.
• Controls protein production.
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The Life of DNA
• Survives for millions of years.• Your DNA is the same DNA as someone
else’s a couple million years ago.• Can live up to 250 million years.• DNA always exists!