dna chapter 12
DESCRIPTION
DNA Chapter 12. Write down in your notebook 5 things that you already know about DNA. Do Now:. 3 Main functions ___________ information ___________ information ___________ information. DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Genes hold ___________ for cells - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DNA CHAPTER 12
![Page 2: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DO NOW: Write down in your notebook 5
things that you already know about DNA
![Page 3: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
DNA- DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID 3 Main functions
___________ information ___________ information ___________ information
![Page 5: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
STORES INFORMATION Genes hold ___________ for cells They control the pattern of
______________
![Page 6: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
COPYING INFORMATION Cells must make a __________ ______ of every
single gene before the cell divides. The double-stranded DNA ___________ and the
2 strands serve as a template to make a ________________ strand.
End result is ____ identical ___________ of DNA.
![Page 7: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
TRANSMIT INFORMATION __________ are passed
down from parents to ____________
DNA is carefully ________ and ___________ along when a cell divides
![Page 8: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
COMPONENTS OF DNA
DNA is a ___________ _________ HINT!!! It is the NA in DNA
It is made up of ______________.
Nucleotides are joined into long strands by ____________ (sharing) bonds.
When DNA is formed there are _____ strands of _____________.
Each strand coils around the other forming the so called ____________.
![Page 9: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SOLVING THE DNA STRUCTURE PUZZLE
________________ made an ______________ picture that showed DNA strands twisting around each other. _________
James _________ and Francis ___________ were attempting to build a DNA ________ but the pieces did not fit properly.
But once they saw __________ x-ray, they __________ the final piece of the puzzle.
![Page 10: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
NUCLEOTIDES Nucleotides are the ___________ blocks
of ___________ ___________. They have ________ parts:
a ________ (usually a 5 carbon sugar deoxyribose)
a ____________ group (P04) a __________ _______
![Page 11: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
NITROGENOUS BASES 4 types of nitrogenous bases
[A] ____________ [G] ____________ [C] ____________ [T] ____________
![Page 12: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
_____________ Rule
Adenine bonds with Thymine
_______ hydrogen bonds
Guanine bonds with Cytosine
_______ hydrogen bonds
![Page 13: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DOUBLE HELIX MODEL DNA is a ___________ __________
structure A twisted ladder
The 2 strands are _______________ They run in ____________ directions Nitrogenous bases meet in the _________ of
both strands.
![Page 14: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
HYDROGEN BONDS ___________ bonds are between the nitrogenous
________ holding both __________ together.
Hydrogen bonds are _________ and pull ________ easily.
These types of bonds are beneficial for when replication takes place
![Page 15: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sugardeoxyribose
Phosphate group
![Page 16: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
EXAMPLE QUESTION 5’ AGAATCGCATTC 3’
5’ GCTCAACTTG 3’
5’ TACAGGCAT 3’
![Page 17: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
A T C GHuman #1 20 30Human #2 24.5Human #3 17
![Page 18: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
DO NOW QUESTIONS What are the 3 main functions of DNA?
What is the function of genes?
What is a nucleic acid and what is it composed of?
![Page 19: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
DNA REPLICATION ___________- is to make a ________ of
DNA1) DNA molecule will ________ the _________ bonds and
___________ into _________ strands.a) just like a zipper would undo
2) Each strand of the double helix acts as a ___________ for making the ________ strand.
3) As each new strand forms, _____ _________ are added following the rules of base pairing.
__________ ___________4) End result is _____ ______________ DNA molecules.
![Page 20: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
TELOMERES
_______________ are the tips of chromosomes that are _________ to ____________.
Cells use an enzyme called ____________ to insure that genes will not be damaged or lost during replication.
Telomerase is usually ________ _____ in adults.
Many scientist believe that in __________ ______, telomerase is turned ______ and that may be why cancer cells ________ and divide so __________.
![Page 22: DNA Chapter 12](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052317/56815bda550346895dc9ccbc/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
DNA REPLICATION ERRORS Proteins ___________ the copies to make
sure they are accurate.
Unfortunately, some errors are ____ _________ and that may cause a ________ in base order, resulting in a ____________.
Some mutations have ________ consequences.