DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group Diphosphates and triphosphates also occur (ATP, GTP) DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group 2. Polymerization occurs by dehydration synthesis OH O-P-O O OH H2OH2O DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group 2. Polymerization occurs by dehydration synthesis 3. Polmerization results in a nucleic acid with polarity (not same at both ends) 5 3 A purine (A or G) always binds with a pyrimidine (T or C) In fact, A with T (2 h-bonds) And G with C (3 h-bonds) DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 1. monomers are nucleotides three parts: - pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group 2. Polymerization occurs by dehydration synthesis 3. Polmerization results in a nucleic acid with polarity 4. DNA is a double helix two nucleic acid strands arranged in a complementary, anti-parallel orientation COMPLEMENTARY 5 DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 4. DNA is a double helix two nucleic acid strands arranged in a complementary, anti-parallel orientation ANTI-PARALLEL DNA and Chromosome Structure A. The Structure of DNA 4. DNA is a double helix two nucleic acid strands arranged in a complementary, anti-parallel orientation DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA wrapped around histone proteins into nucleosomes DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA wrapped around histone proteins into nucleosomes 6 nucleosomes per solenoid DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA wrapped around histone proteins into nucleosomes 6 nucleosomes per solenoid Coiled and supercoiled DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA wrapped around histone proteins into nucleosomes 6 nucleosomes per solenoid Coiled and supercoiled Folded to a metaphase chromosome DNA and Chromosome Structure A. DNA Structure B. Chromosome Structure 1. Eukaryotic chromosomes DNA wrapped around histone proteins into nucleosomes 6 nucleosomes per solenoid Coiled and supercoiled Folded to a metaphase chromosome