DMSP, DWSS and McMurdo

OverviewSatellite Direct Readout Conference

4 – 8 April 2011

Defense Weather Systems Directorate

(DWSD)

Capt Harvey S. GaberGround Systems Branch Chief

Defense Weather Systems Directorate

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DMSP Imagery: Pre and Post Japan earthquakeDMSP F18 OLS Visible / Air Force Mark IVB

(Before) 09 Mar 2011 1040Z (After) 11 Mar 2011 1016Z

Sendai

Agenda

• Portfolio Overview• Defense Meteorological Satellite Program• Defense Weather Satellite Program• DWSD at McMurdo

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Defense Weather Systems Directorate Mission and Overview

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Mr. John BaldonadoActing Director

DWSD MISSIONDevelop, Acquire, Field, and sustain systems

for the collection and distribution of worldwide environmental data for U.S.

Government Users

DWSD VISIONWorldwide weather for the Warfigher

Portfolio Overview

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Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)

AF Weather Weapon Systems

Also in Portfolio

Space Situational Awareness

Environmental Monitoring (SSAEM)

SSAEnvironmentalEffects Fusion

(SEEFS)

Communication/Navigation

Outage Forecast System

(C/NOFS)

DEFENSE METEOROLOGICAL

SATELLITE PROGRAM(DMSP)

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DMSP Overview

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DMSP

Contract Facts • LM responsible for spacecraft integration and testing• NG manages sensors (OLS)

• NG-Azusa (SSMIS)• Air Force Research Laboratory (SSJ5, SSM, SSIES)• Naval Research Laboratory (SSULI)• Applied Physics Laboratory (SSUSI)

• Sandia National Laboratory manages SSF • Funding and support provided via MIPR

• Integral Systems Incorporated certifies S/C flight software• Independent Verification and Validation

Contract Facts • LM responsible for spacecraft integration and testing• NG manages sensors (OLS)

• NG-Azusa (SSMIS)• Air Force Research Laboratory (SSJ5, SSM, SSIES)• Naval Research Laboratory (SSULI)• Applied Physics Laboratory (SSUSI)

• Sandia National Laboratory manages SSF • Funding and support provided via MIPR

• Integral Systems Incorporated certifies S/C flight software• Independent Verification and Validation

Program Status• F18 launched Oct 2009• 4 Satellites in orbit providing RTD, Fine and

Smooth Stored data• F19: Integration and test under way for late 2012

launch • F20: Last DMSP Satellite being prepared for 2016

or beyond launch

DMSP Mission Description• Collect and disseminate global high-

resolution visible and thermal cloud cover imagery to DoD forces and the intelligence community

DMSP Mission

• Collect meteorological, oceanographic and solar geophysical data on a global basis:– Visible and infrared cloud data, night time lights, sea ice thickness, sea

surface wind speed, contrails predictions

• Collect solar optical & radio, solar wind, magnetospheric, ionospheric and ultraviolet (UV) spectrum data– UHF scintillation forecasts, U2 high-flyer radiation warning, energetic

particle/charging warnings

• Deliver data to military/national users worldwide– AF& Navy weather centers and worldwide tactical terminals 8

PRIMARY MID-MORNING PRIMARY EARLY MORNING BACK-UP TACTICAL ONLY

F15, 1926 LTAN

F14, 1714 LTAN

F13, 1831 LTAN

F16, 2001 LTAN

F17, 1731 LTAN

F18, 1954 LTAN

Operational Constellation(Sun Synch – Local Time Ascending Node)

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DMSP Sensor Suite

Special SensorUltravioletLimb Imager(SSULI)

Special SensorUltravioletSpectrographicImager (SSUSI)

Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS)

OperationalLinescanSystem (OLS)

SpecialSensorF (SSF)

Special Sensor IonosphericElectron Scintillation(SSIES-3)

Special SensorMagnetometer(SSM)

Special SensorElectron/Ion Spectrometer(SSJ5)

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OLS Products and Users

• Primary input to AFWA and FNMOC (Fleet Numerical Meteorology Oceanography Center) – Cloud and Weather Forecasting

• Primary high resolution imagery source for the National/Naval Ice Center• Major waterway monitoring• Arctic and Antarctic sea ice progression and regression

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SSMIS Products

• SSMIS – Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder• Provides atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles

from the Earth’s surface to an altitude of 30 kilometers

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• Command & Control• DMSP image of sand storm

• Force Protection (sand/dust storms)

Sand and Dust Storm

Sand and Dust Source Region

Supported Capabilities

Space Environmental Support Systems

GPS Error Auroral Boundary UHF Scintillation

Electron Density Radiation LevelsAuroral BoundaryAF GEOSPACE (Auroral Oval)

DEFENSE WEATHER SATELLITE SYSTEM

(DWSS)

DWSS Overview

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DMSP

Contract Facts • DoD Contract for Space Segment• Northrop Grumman (NGAS) prime integrator• NGAS modified C-bus

• Sensor Subcontractors• Raytheon El Segundo (VIIRS)• Microwave Sensor – under development• JHU/APL (SEM-N)

• NOAA/NASA for Ground System• Common Ground System (CGS) shared with

NPP, JPSS, and international partners

Contract Facts • DoD Contract for Space Segment• Northrop Grumman (NGAS) prime integrator• NGAS modified C-bus

• Sensor Subcontractors• Raytheon El Segundo (VIIRS)• Microwave Sensor – under development• JHU/APL (SEM-N)

• NOAA/NASA for Ground System• Common Ground System (CGS) shared with

NPP, JPSS, and international partners

Program Status• 13 Aug 11 – Acquisition Decision Memorandum

approved for DWSS program• NGAS provide 2 spacecraft w/VIIRS, SEM-N,

and Microwave Sensor• FY Funding and contract restructure in progress• Memorandum of Agreement in draft for CGS• DWSS F1 scheduled to launch in 2018• DWSS F2 scheduled to launch in 2021

DWSS Mission Description• Provide early morning polar orbital plane

data for weather mission based on NPOESS IORD II as modified by JROCM 101-06

VIIRS Overview

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• Advanced modular multi-channel imager

radiometer

• DWSS Primary sensor, supports 23 EDRs

• Heritage OLS, AVHRR/3, MODIS &

SeaWiFSsensors

• Continuous Cross-track scanner

• 22 spectral bands

• Data Products

• Atmospheric, clouds, earth radiation

•Clear-air land/water surfaces, sea surface

temperature, ocean color, and low-light visible

imagery

• Supplier: Raytheon Space and Airborne

Systems, El Segundo CA

Proposed Microwave Sensor

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• Collects global microwave radiometry & sounding data• Produces microwave imagery and other

meteorological and oceanographic data• Conically-scanning passive microwave sensor

supporting EDRs• Provides critical weather information, such

as soil moisture, sea surface temp & wind direction capabilities

Deployed Configuration

Microwave 3-D view - water vapor, rain rate, vertical characteristics thru clouds

SEM-N

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• Suite of particle sensors for the detection/measurement of the space environment• Measures energy spectrum and directional distribution

of charged particle fluxes near the spacecraft• Comprised of 3 sensors

• Special Sensor J5 (SSJ5) for detection of low-energy particles

• Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) for medium-energy particles

• Omni-directional detectors for high-energy particles

• Sensor suite integrated by Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL)• Provided as GFE to NGAS for integration

DWSD AT MCMURDO

DWSS Overview

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DMSP

Contract Facts • Harris - DMSP Equipment• Raytheon - Antennas and JPSS Equipment• Raytheon Polar Services – Logistics • NSF – touch labor maintainance

Contract Facts • Harris - DMSP Equipment• Raytheon - Antennas and JPSS Equipment• Raytheon Polar Services – Logistics • NSF – touch labor maintainance

Program Status• Raytheon completed Antenna build during 2010 –

2011 season• Harris successfully completed Critical Design

Review• Season kickoff meeting scheduled for 13 Apr 11• Testing planned for Mid-December 2011• IOC of DMSP planned for Jan 2012• McMurdo will be available for JPSS as part of

CGS State 2

McMurdo Mission• To incrementally reduce DMSP stored

mission data latency, SPO identified McMurdo as ideal southern hemisphere readout site (latency goal is 15 minutes as opposed to 101 minutes max today)

• Dramatic increase in DMSP fine resolution OLS cloud imagery data from 35% /rev to ~100% /rev global coverage

McMurdo Station – Ross Island

• 77.5°S (similar in Latitude to Svalbard)

• 166.6°E (below Australia/New Zealand)

Current Latency

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Latency After McMurdo is Online

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Architecture Layout

McMurdo Project spans Legacy DMSP and

JPSS Common Ground System

Conclusion

• DMSP is the Military Weather flagship and will be for years to come

• DWSS will continue the 40+ year legacy of DMSP

• McMurdo will cut latency of DMSP by almost half and is a key site for JPSS and DWSS

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Questions?