PROJECT REPORTDMRC PHASE – III CC:27

L&T-SUCG JV DELHI

VASANT VIHAR METRO STATION

SUBMITTED BY- HARKESH SINGH

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

DRONACHARYA COLLEGE OF ENGG. G.NOIDA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am truly grateful to the entire staff of L&T SUCG JV CC27 who has helped me inunderstanding each of the construction activity and the project’s minutest detail and has been sogenerous in sharing their years of experience with a novice like me. It has been a wonderfullearning experience for me due to their friendliness and approachability.

I am deeply obliged to Mr. R. G. Saini (Project Director – CC27) for providing me theopportunity to learn at this excellent project and encouraging me to put in my best efforts and alsoMr. S. Hariharan (IR Manager – CC27) for being always there whenever I needed any assistance.I am also grateful toMr. ABHAS KUMARSHARMA (Construction Manager of VASANT VIHAR) for providing me with his valuableguidance and support at the very early stage of my training.

I would in particular liketo thank Mr. PRABHAT SINHA , Mr. ANUBHAV SINGH and Ms. AMITA SHARMA from whom I have been able to learn so much about the project and each of theconstruction activity comprehensively and have added depth and perspective to my understandingof the project.

TABLE OF CONTENT

1) INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE COMAPNY

2) DMRC

3) L&T

4) SUCG

5) SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

6) INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT

7) DETAILS OFEACH STATION

8) CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

9) BATCHING PLANT

10) CASTING YARD

11) TUNNELING

12) CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE COMAPNY

LARSEN & TOUBRO SUCG

L&T is India's largest engineering and construction company. Considered to be the "bellwether of India's engineering & construction sector", L&T was recognized as the company of the year in Economic Times 2010 awards.

Delhi Metro is a metro system serving Delhi metropolitan area and its satellite cities of Gurgaon, Noida, Faridabad and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro has been ranked second among 18 international Metro systems in terms of overall customer satisfaction in an online customer survey.

SUCG Infrastructure India Pvt. Ltd. is an international company which integrates overseas construction, design and management, investment, and sales of construction equipment.

DMRC

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd., abbreviated to DMRC, is a state-central owned company that operates the Delhi Metro. The DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of metro rail, monorail, and high-speed rail projects in India and abroad.

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. was created on 3 May 1995 with E. Sreedharan serving as the first managing director. Sreedharan handed over charge as MD of DMRC to Mangu Singh on 31 December 2011.

DMRC has made it compulsory to wear safety helmets on construction sites. It also earns carbon credits with rainwater harvesting at metro stations and runs an HIV/AIDS programme for workers.

The DMRC has a business development department which is in charge of the consultancy services.DMRC has served as the project consultant and has prepared detailed project reports (DPR) for every metro and monorail project in India, except the Kolkata Metro and Chennai MRTS, which were constructed before the formation of the DMRC.

LARSEN AND TOUBRO

Headquartered in Mumbai, Larsen & Toubro Limited is one of the largest and most respected companies in India's private sector. With over 75 years of a strong, customer focused approach and

a continuous quest for world-class quality, L&T has unmatched capabilities across Technology, Engineering, Construction and Manufacturing, and maintains a leadership in all its major lines of business.

Larsen & Toubro is a major technology, engineering, construction, manufacturing and financial services conglomerate, with global operations. L&T addresses critical needs in key sectors - Hydrocarbon, Infrastructure, Power, Process Industries and Defense - for customers in over 30 countries around the world.

L&T is engaged in core, high impact sectors of the economy and our integrated capabilities span the entire spectrum of ‘design to deliver’. With over 7 decades of a strong, customer focused approach and a continuous quest for world-class quality, we have unmatched expertise across Technology, Engineering, Construction, Infrastructure Projects and Manufacturing, and maintain a leadership in all our major lines of business.

Every aspect of L&T's businesses is characterised by professionalism and high standards of corporate governance. Sustainability is embedded into our long-term strategy for growth.

The Company’s manufacturing footprint extends across eight countries in addition to India. L&T has several international offices and a supply chain that extends around the globe.

The company has business interests in engineering, construction, manufacturing goods, information technology and financial services.The company was founded in Mumbai in 1938 by two DANISH engineers, HENNINGHOLCK-LARSEN and SOREN KRISTIAN TOURBO. The company began as a representative of DANISH manufacturers of dairy equipment.

For the first quarter of FY 2012-13, L & T Construction has bagged orders worth Rs 2410 CRORES. L&T has expanded its focus to the Middle East, South East ASIA, RUSSIA, CIS, MAURATIUS, AFRICAN and SAARC countries. It also has keen interest in the markets of INDIAN OCEAN rim countries, AFRICA and LATIN AMERICA.

L&T is among the top 100 Most Trusted brands of India as published in The Brand Trust Report.

L&T Won Best Innovation in Logistics-Transportation award on 20 May 2011 from INDIA International Logistics Forum

L&T Won the Financial Express-EVI Green Business Leadership Award for 2010-11. The award was received from Dr. A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM.

In STOCK MARKET L&T is a very trustable company for investing. Current price of a share is around Rs 1750 which higher than almost all the other construction companies in INDIA.4

L&T housing finance provides unmatched quality service and transparency right through the loan procedures.

Company’s motto is IT’S ALL ABOUT IMAGINEERING. IMAGINEERING is a word derived by two words IMAGINE and ENGINEERING. Thus imagining good stuff and make it real by means of engineering.

SUCG

SHANGHAI URBAN CONSTRUCTION GROUP Corporation, established in October 1996 with the approval of Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and the Government, is a comprehensive enterprise particularly supported by the Ministry of Construction and SHANGHAI Municipal Government. It is authorized by SHANGHAI State-owned Asset Management Committee to manage the state-owned assets within the Group. SUCG has the specialclass qualification for municipal public works, the first-class general contracting qualifications for highway construction, housing, etc.

In INDIA: With rich experience in design and construction of metro, SUCG has undertaken three local metro and rail transit projects in the form of EPC, the involved engineering projects include DELHI.

Elevated Metro Line phase II project BC-7, BC-34, BC-26 project, New Delhi Airport Metro Express Line C5 project, Chennai Metro phase I UAA-04 project, and Delhi Metro phase III CC-05 project, Delhi Metro phase III CC-27 project.

SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

The Environmental and Safety Management System helps translate our HSE policy into practice. The Health, Safety and Environmental Management System (HSEMS) provides a clear and precise description of HOW & WHAT we do to meet the HSE requirements defined by Legislation and National, Corporate and International Regulations & Standards. Plan and procedures are periodically reviewed and upgraded to achieve high HSE performance standards. We are committed to strengthen HSE management through periodic audits, training and interaction with national and international organizations.

IMPORTENT WORK FOR SAFTEY ON SITE :-

Wearing of proper helmet, Safety jacket and safety shoes.

Proper housekeeping of all the machines and equipment.

Any sort of misses and warning must be properly taken care of.

Cylinder leaks should be regularly checked.

Electric appliance should be properly used.

Proper training of all the workers.

:

INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT

Scope of Work :-Design & Construction of Tunnel from end of underground ramp (near Shankar Vihar metro station) to HauzKhas Metro Station and Underground ramp near Shankar Vihar Metro Station and underground metro stations at VasantVihar,Munirka, R.K. Puram, IIT and HauzKhas on Janakpuri West – Botanical Garden Corridor of Delhi MRTS Project of Phase – III.Works under Delhi MRTS Project of Phase –III.

Client : Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (DMRC)

Contract : CC-27 (UG-2)

Contract Period : 42 Months

Contractor : L&T SUCG JV

JV Partners : Larsen & Toubro Limited : Shanghai Urban Construction Group

DMRC’s LOA : DMRC/20/III-057/2012 dated: 1st Nov’ 2012

Date of Signing of Contract : 22-Jan-13

Date of Commencement /Notice to Proceed :12-Nov-12

Date of Completion of work : 9-May-16

Contract Period : 42 Months

Total Project Value : INR 1252.6 Cr

DETAILS OF EACH STATION

VASANT VIHAR

Bottom to up method

265m length

1546m tunnel

VASANT VIHAR is the only metro station of the project CC-27 which is constructed using Bottom-Up construction methodology. The ground profile of this station is medium hard rocks. As a result of this, bottom-up method is preferred for this particular station. The TBM used for tunnelling is also Rock TBM (HERRENKNECHT). There are total 26 grids on this station. There are 2 back off houses from grid 1 to 7 and grid 20 to 26.

HAUZ KHAS

Top to down method

265m length

36m height

806m tunnel

HAUZ KHAS is an already existing station on yellow line. The second part of HAUZ KHAS metro station is under construction joining IIT, MUNIRKA, R.K.PURAM and VASANT VIHAR. The placement of these stations below the ground was to avoid the interruptions in the traffic caused by the metro rail and the problems caused during the construction of the station at that location. The road adjoining the station site carries a great amount of load every day round the clock. The entrance to the station is located on OUTER RING ROAD.

IIT

Top to bottom method

265m length

673m tunnel

The station at the IIT is an underground station. The length of the IIT station is 265 m. The width of the station is 21.57 m. All the stations are built with a basic bench mark. Every part of the station is made with reference to this bench mark. The station at IIT is predicted to be used by a huge crowd. As this metro station connects one of the prestigious institute of India, IIT Delhi and also SDA market is behind IIT Station.

R.K PURAM

Top to bottom method

265m length

1067m tunnel

The approximate length and depth of this station is 265 m and 22m respectively. This station connects Central Government Employees residential colony in South West DELHI. R.K PURAM is roughly rectangular, enclosed by RING ROAD to the north, OUTER RING ROAD to the south facing VASANT VIHAR, RAO TULA RAM MARG to the west and AFRICA AVENUE to the east. The north-eastern corner of this area is a separate commercial centre called MADAM BHIKAJI KAMA.

MUNIRKA

Top to bottom method

265m length

1241m tunnelMUNIRKA station is another underground station.. MUNIRKA station connects JNU campus on south, VASANT VIHAR on North-West, RK PURAM on northern side and IIT campus and BER SERAI on south-eastern front.

CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

TOP TO BOTTOM

It is a construction method in which the permanent slabs, in the form of perimeter ring, act to resist the lateral forces by soil pressure to retaining wall (diaphragm wall) during excavation of station box. The sequence of slab construction is from the roof slab to the base slab.

It allows early restoration of the ground surface above the tunnel. Some of the temporary supports of excavation walls are used as the permanent structural walls. The structural slabs will act as internal bracing for the support of excavation. It requires less width of construction area. Construction of roof slab is easy.

Not able to install external waterproofing outside the station box. More complicated connections for the roof, concourse and base slab. Potential water leakage at the joints between the slabs and the walls since water bar installation is not possible. Maintaining quality of construction is difficult.

PROCESS ----

D.WALL ROOF SLAB CONCORSE SLAB BASE SLAB

PALTFORM LEVEL

Component of Works for Top-Down Construction:

1. Earthwork

2. Retaining Structure (Diaphragm Wall)

3. Deep Excavation

4. RCC Works - Columns, Beams, Slabs

5. Finishing

BOTTOM TO UP

Quality can be maintained. Waterproofing can be applied to the station box.Drainage systems can be installed outside the structure to channel water or divert it away from the structure. No water leakage at the joints between the slabs and the walls since water bars can be easily installed.

More machinery required for construction than Top-Down construction. The ground surface can’t be restored to its final condition until the construction is complete. May require de-watering that could have adverse effects on surrounding infrastructure.

Component of Works for Bottom-Up Construction:

1. Earthworks (Same as in Top-Down method)

2. Excavation and Temporary Retaining structures- Rock anchoring/ Strut waler arrangement

3. RCC Works- Columns, Beams, Slabs, External Wall.

4. Finishing

EARTHWORKS

Fill material, other than for road works, should be evenly graded granular material. Material with more than 20% passing a 75 micron sieve or more than 10 % in excess of 75 mm size is unlikely to be suitable for use. Clods or hard lumps of earth over 75 mm in greatest dimension shall be broken up before compacting of the material in embankment.

Following types of material are considered unsuitable and shall not be used for fill for embankment:

Materials brought from swamps, marshes or blogs

Peat, loam, fine silt, log, stump or organic or perishable materials

Material susceptible to spontaneous combustion

Clay of liquid limit exceeding 80 and plasticity index exceeding 55

EXCAVATION

Excavation should be carried out by mechanized method up to the formation level at stages. The activities for carrying out excavation are mainly rock excavation, SHOTCRETE, ROCK BOLTING, disposal of excavated materials and grout monitoring. Excavation should be carried out in proper sequence. Before excavating, a trial trench is dug for a depth of 1.5m.

Also, the site should be checked for utility lines and proper diversions should be done beforehand. Traffic diversion plans should be made and it should be diverted before starting the excavation. After all these things have been done, excavation is started. Excavation of the soil can be done in two ways depending on the soil profile.

Soldier Pile

The soldier piles are I-beams that are running through-out the depth of the station and

provide a support to the roof slab and the concourse slab until the base slab is in place to

stabilize the structure. These piles are placed close to the diaphragm walls provideadditional

support to the excavated side in order to avoid the collapse of the soil during the piling

work.

This completes the construction of the supports structure to the main station structure. The

construction of the main station box is then initiated.

METHODOLOGY

1) Boring in soil with casing pipe if required and stabilizing liquid to rock head level

followed by drilling into rock to designed socket depth.

2) Installation of H-beam.

3) Backfilling of the borehole.

4) Extraction of the casing.

PLACING OF DIAGONAL STRUT AND SOLDIER PILES

Soldier piles are used where load on the side is greater

ROCK BOLTING

When rock surface is exposed, Geologist shall be contracted to do the mapping of the rock surface.

METHODOLOGY

1) Drilling2) Grouting & Installation3) Testing of Rock Bolts

RETAINING WALL

Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to unnatural slopes. They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severely and engineered for more specific purposes like hillside farming or roadway overpasses.

BOOM PLACER (pouring of concrete in roof slab of ancillary building)

Vibrators :-

BASE SLAB

The base slab supports the whole weight of the station. The diaphragm walls of the station sustain huge amounts of lateral pressure from the backfill. This makes the diaphragm wall act as a cantilever and it tends to lean inwards, but to sustain the pressure the roof slab is constructed. The roof slab provides the support at one point. The concourse slab built after the roof slab provides extra support to the D-wall. When the base slab is constructed, it completes the box structure and provides additional support and gives stability to the structure. The major work of the base slab is to support the tracks and resist the vertical pressure from the ground. The construction process to construct this slab is also the same as the roof slab and the concourse slab. The base slab is placed 6.86 meters below the base of concourse slab and it is 900mm thick.

REINFORCEMENT STEEL IN BASE SLAB OF FINISHED BASE SLAB OF ES02

ES02

Steel of the base slab is not placed directly on soil because steel bars corrode in presence of moisture, it weakens our structure. So first we do PCC on ground

PCC is plain cement concrete. PCC is a construction material generally used in binding purposes and is composed of Portland cement, fly ash slag cement, aggregate, water and chemical admixtures.

COLOUMS

Columns or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. It is a compression bar. Below every column there is FOOTING.

FOOTING

Footing is an element of an architectural structure which connects is to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the ground.

Reinforcement of column and below the column footing is ready

At our station every column represents a grid. There are 26 grids on our station and 2 extra grids also.

Roof slab

It is top most slab of the station box which is constructed the first in Top-Down method. For the construction of the same, excavation is required at first. The excavation may cause a major problem to the traffic flowing through the area. In that case, proper planning has to be done beforehand for the diversion of traffic. Excavation should be started only after the diversion has been done. This soil is then lined with 50mm thick PCC layer and 3mm thick ply. These ply act as a base support for the concrete layer; it also gives a fine finishand a uniform surface to the concrete layer. At the time of making of roof slab, several cut-outs are left for further excavation required for construction of concourse and base slab and for lowering of TBM for tunnelling.

POURING OF CONCRETE IN ROOF SLAB OF ANCILLARY

BY BOOM PLACER

CONCOURSE SLAB

Outlook of the station is said to be concourse slab. The activities at the station other than the train tracks are all available on this slab. The slab serves as the gallery of the metro station. It contains the entry and exit gates to the station, the ticket counters, and security and fire escape provisions. The construction of the concourse slab is carried out in the

same manner as the roof slab. This slab contains larger temporary cut- outs than the roof slab. Thesecut-out spaces help in the laying and development of the base slab and lowering of TBM for tunnelling. These cut-outs are closed during the final phase of the construction. These cut- outs are initially supported by beams to provide stability to the D-walls. These beams are removed after the structure is stabilized by the construction of the base slab. The concourse slab is placed 5.25m below the base of the roof slab. Its thickness is 550mm. The concourse slab contains exhaust vents (Over Track Exhaust ducts) at the sides of the slab. The concourse slab contains the cavity provided to place the service lines inside the station. The concourse slab is connected to the base slab with the help of stair case, escalator and lift.

BLOCK WORK

Block work is required on many places at the site. Block work is expensive than brick work also more time consuming, but it lasts long. At VASANT VIHAR site after placing of 3 layers of block 2 steel bars are placed. During block work a LINTEL is provided after 2.35m height and a column (MULLION) is provided after every 4.2m length and after every 45m length at station a DOUBLE COLUMN is provided. THERMOCOL is used between double-column to fill space. Cut-outs are also provided in block work. 10mm thick mortar layer is done between 2 blocks.Block’s size is 400mm*200mm*200mm. Block contain M7.5 grade concrete.

BLOCK WORK AT STATION

Retaining wall is in direct contact with soil, therefore seepage is common problem. So we do block work in front of the wall. We make SCUPPER DRAIN in between the gap of retaining wall and block work

SCUPPER DRAIN

GROUTING

Grout is generally a mixture of water, cement, sand and sometimes fine gravel (if it is being used to fill the cores of concrete blocks). It is applied as a thick emulsion and hardens over time, much like its close relative mortar.

GROUTING PUMP

FINISHING WORKS

Finishing works is a final stage of each construction which is a fine job to bring the beauty of the construction. It also hides the services like conduits, ducting, piping etc. Several types of finishes can be used based on the material used, environmental conditions and costs. Finishing can be divided into several sections:

Floor

Wall

Ceiling

FLOORING

Flooring is a general term for a permanent covering of a floor or for the work of installing such a floor covering.

Floor covering is a term to describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking space.

TYPES OF FLOORING AT VASANT VIHAR

1) Honed/ Polished Granite with Tactile Floor Strip2) False Floor (600x600mm Floor Tile) 450mm high with Anti Dust sealer coat on

concrete floor below false floor3) Polished vitrified tiles (600x600mm)4) 450mm High filled floor with 600x600mm polished vitrified tile flooring5) Polished KOTA stone (550x550mm)6) HARDONITE flooring7) Matt Vitrified tiles 600x600mm

HARDONITE FLOORINGThis flooring is done where heavy machineries are there because they create vibrations, so some hard flooring is required to overcome this.

FLOORING DONE IN ALTERNATE PANELS

WATER LEVEL TO MEASURE THE HEIGHT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS

Flooring is done in alternate panels because we have to adjust the ASBESTOS STRIPS in between adjacent panels that could prevent a crack in 1 panel to pass in another panel.

A non metallic hardener is used in HARDONITE flooring in a quantity of 5 kg/m^2.

This type of flooring is done with the help of FLOATER BLADE and FLOATER DISK

ASBESTOS STRIPS

NON METALLIC HARDENER

FLOATER DISK FLOATER BLADE

Floater disk is used for levelling surface and floater blade is used for surface smoothness

WALL FINISHING

As the name ‘Wall Finishes’ itself suggests that it is finish given to the wall to enhance the interior or exterior look of the structure. Wall finishes used for the interiors are quite delicate and need maintenance.

Wall Finishes provide a decorative skin to conceal building components incl. structural members, insulation, duct work, pipes and wires etc.

TYPES OF WALL FINISH AT STATION

Polished Granite Cladding

Polished Vitrified Tiles

Glazed Ceramic Tiles

Stainless Steel Cladding

Glass Cladding with Vinyl

Hand Made Tiles Cladding

ANTI DUST PAINT Total quantity in one station:3635 SQM

TEXTURED PAINT Total quantity in one station:1200 SQM

Plaster is required before doing textured paint

Plaster is a building material used for coating walls and ceilings. Plaster is manufactured as a dry powder and is mixed with water to form a paste when used. The reaction with water liberates heat through crystallization and the hydrated plaster that hardens.

CEILING FINISH

A dropped ceiling is a secondary ceiling, hung below the main structural ceiling, is called false

It is used to conceal various services lines, structural features, open pipes, wiring and air conditioning ducts.

It gives more options to use special lighting systems such as cove lighting, wall washers etc.

TYPES OF CEILING FINISH AT STATION

Baffle Ceiling (Qty in one station: 3302 SQM)

Metal False Ceiling (Qty in one station: 1616 SQM)

Calcium Silicate (Qty in one station: 40 SQM)

BAFFLE FALSE CEILING METAL FALSE CEILING CALCIUM SILICATE FALSE

SKIRTING

This is a strip of wood or any type marble or anything like that sit in the corner made by the floor and the wall.

TUNNELINGA tunnel is an underground or underwater passageway, enclosed except for entrance and exit, commonly at each end.

The tunnelling in CC-27 project is taken care by SUCG Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. There are different techniques of tunnelling viz. drilling and blasting, NATM, hydraulic splitter, slurry shield machine, etc. All the tunnels in project CC-27 are to be made using TBM. A Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), also known as a "mole", is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. TBMs and associated back-up systems are used to highly automate the entire tunnelling process, reducing tunnelling costs. In certain predominantly urban applications, tunnel boring is viewed as quick and cost effective alternative to laying surface rails and roads. Expensive compulsory purchase of buildings and land, with potentially lengthy planning inquiries, is eliminated.

There are a variety of TBM designs that can operate in a variety of conditions, from hard rock to soft water-bearing ground. Some types of TBMs, the slurry and earth-pressure balance machines, have pressurized compartments at the front end, allowing them to be used in difficult conditions below the water table. This pressurizes the ground ahead of the TBM cutter head to balance the water pressure. The operators work in normal air pressure behind the pressurized compartment, but may occasionally have toenter that compartment to renew or repair the cutters. This requires special precautions, such as local ground treatment or halting the TBM at a position free from water. Despite these difficulties, TBMs are now preferred over the older method of tunnelling in compressed air, with an air lock/decompression chamber some way back from the TBM, which required operators to work in high pressure and go through decompression procedures at the end of their shifts, much like deep-sea divers.

The TBMs operating in Project CC-27 are:

1. THI 1 TBM

2. THI 2 TBM

3. OKUMURA TBM

4. HERRENKNECHT TBM

5. MITSUBISHI TBM

.

Initial setups to be done before drive:

1. Ground Treatment

2. Installation of Cradle

3. TBM lifting & assembly

4. Installation of Reaction Frame

5. Installation of Temporary segments

6. Tunnel Eye breaking

Before starting the tunnelling activities, it is necessary to improve the soil characteristics at the head of the launching shaft /retrieval shaft and along the cross passage. High Pressure Jet grouting method to improve the soil stabilization (350 to 400 bar pressure). Cradle is fixed according to the tunnel centre line before TBM unloading.

TBM AT VASANT VIHAR

PARTS OF TBM

READY TUNNEL

BATCHING PLANT AND CASTING YARD

BATCHING PLANT

Concrete is the basic engineering material used in most of the civil engineering structures. Its popularity as basic building material in construction is because of, its economy of use, good durability and ease with which it can be manufactured at site. The ability to mould it into any shape and size, because of its plasticity in green state and its subsequent hardening to achieve strength, is particularly useful. Concrete like other engineering materials needs to be designed for properties like strength, durability, workability and cohesion. Concrete mix design is the science of deciding relative proportions of ingredients of concrete, to achieve the desired properties in the most economical way. With advent of high-rise buildings and pre-stressed concrete, use of higher grades of concrete is becoming more common. Even the revised IS 456-2000 advocates use of higher grade of concrete for more severe conditions of exposure, for durability considerations. With advent of new generation admixtures, it is possible to achieve higher grades of concrete with high workability levels economically. Use of mineral admixtures like fly ash, slag and silica fume have revolutionised the concrete technology by increasing strength and durability of concrete by many folds. Mix design of concrete is becoming more relevant in the above mentioned scenario. However, it should be borne in mind that mix design when adoptedat site should be implemented with proper understanding and with necessary precautions.

MIX DESIGN

Concrete is an extremely versatile building material because, it can be designed for strength ranging from M10 (10MPA) to M100 (100 MPA) and workability ranging from 0 mm slump to 150 mm slump. In all these cases the basic ingredients of concrete are the same, but it is their relative proportioning that makes the difference.

Batching plant of CC27 L&T-SUCG JV is situated in PUSHP VIHAR. Since it is batching plant where concrete batch production takes place therefore there is a need of QUALITY ASSURANCE/ QUALITY CONTROL lab at batching plant. There are two batching systems at PUSHP VIHAR, CP60 and CP30.

M1 AT PUSHP VIHAR

OPERATED BY COMPUTER

System is completely automatic and run by computer. From this plant concrete is transferred directly to miller (TM).

MILLER

Many tests are conducted on this concrete or material by which this concrete is made.

Some of the tests are-:

1) WATER PERMEABLITY TEST

2) COMPRESSION TEST

3) AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE TEST

4) AGGREGATE CRUSHING VALUE TEST

5) FLAKINESS INDEX

6) SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATE AND CEMENT7) CUBE TEST TO CHECK COMPRESSIVE AND TESILE STRENGTH

CURINGCuring is the very important thing needed in any type of work either brick work, block work or concrete work. Curing increases the strength of the structure.

CASTING YARDCasting yard of CC27 L&T-SUCG JV is located in MUNDKA. Casting of OTE DUCT, BLOCKS and SEGMENTS OF RING takes place there.

BLOCK CASTINGConcrete grade M7.5 is used in casting. Size of the block is 400mm*200mm*200mm.Weight of the block is about 38 kg. Machine used to cast block at casting yard can cast 3 blocks at a time. 3 blocks can be casted by the machine in 1.5 min.Concrete used in casting of this block have very less water cement ratio.

SEGMENT CASTING

Grade of concrete used is M50. In 1 ring concrete used is about 8 CUBM. DEMOULDING of the segments is done by vacuum. 2 types of rings are casted there 5.7DIA and 5.8DIA.

In first type of ring three different types of rings are made depending on the direction in which tunnel has to go LEFT, RIGHT or STRAIGHT.

In second type of ring it is of universal type direction is controlled only by changing the position of KEY SEGMENT.

SEGMENT LIFTED BY CREATING VACCUM

KEY SEGMENT JUST BEFORE CONCRETE

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING ANY SEGMENT

1) READY MOULD

2) FIT REINFORCEMENT CAGE3) BANANA BOLTS4) GROUTING SOCKET5) CONCRETE6) DEMOULDING7) MICRO FINISHING8) CURING9) GASCKET(HYDROPHYLLIC)10) TRANSPORT

CONCRETE POURING

MICROFINISHING

READY SEGMENTS WITH GASCKETS

There are 2 type of reinforcements done in the rings A type and B type. A type reinforcement is heavy than B type reinforcements. A type rings are used in the region where there is sand and B type is used in rocky region. Also when some rings are ready we try a trial assembly to see that it is going in the required direction or not.

TRIAL ASSEMBLY

CONCLUSIONDELHI Metro is a world-class metro. DELHI Metro to be of world class standards in regard to safety, reliability, punctuality, comfort and customer satisfaction. Duration of this project is of 42 months, which includesConstruction of Tunnel from end of underground ramp (near SHANKAR VIHAR metro station) to HAUZKHAS Metro Station and Underground ramp near SHANKAR VIHAR Metro Station and Underground metro Station at VASANT VIHAR, MUNIRKA, R.K. PURAM, IIT and HAUZ KHAS on JANAKPURI West.

All the work is carried out as per the proper methodology stated given by contractor (L & T) which is approved by client (DMRC).Good Co-ordination among all the peoples working at site as well as regional office. This helps the company achieve its targets within the desired period.The workers on site are skilled and well aware of the techniques They are well guided by supervisors and the engineers on site. This helps to improve the efficiency and quality of the work.