Diversity of Cell Life

All living things….

Composed of cell(s)

Same basic chemistry

Same organelles

Follow same genetic code

But are all living things the same?

NO!

Differences come from:

Ways cells are specialized to do certain jobs

Way cells work with other cells to make a

multicellular organism

Unicellular

Make up most life on earth

When a cell IS the organism

Single-celled/ unicellular

Do everything living thing does:

Respond to stimuli

Grow

Reproduce

Transform energy

Yeast

Volvox aureus

Leptospira interrogans

Multicellular Organism

Organism made up of many cells

Variety

Depend on 2 major things about cells:

Communication

Cooperation

Cell Specialization

Process in which cells throughout an organism perform different tasks

Specialized Animal Cells

Many specializations, for example:

Red Blood cells (rbc):

Specialized to transport oxygen

RBC have protein that binds to oxy in the lungs

are carries it all over the body

Muscle cells:

Specialized in movement

What oragnelle is going to be big and important in these

cells?

Cytoskeleton

Lots of the protein actin and myosin

Specialized Animal Cells

Liver cells:

Specialized in

detoxification

Have lots of what

organelle?

Smooth ER

Specialized Animal Cells

http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/media/liver_cell.gif&imgrefurl=http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryote_examples.html&h=210&w=260&sz=40&hl=en&start=78&tbnid=TW84vD1z2BKRsM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=112&prev=/images?q=liver+cell&start=60&gbv=2&ndsp=20&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N

Pancreas cells:

Specialized in making proteins (enzymes)

Makes enzyme that are needed by digestive system to

break down food

What three organelles are pancreatic cells loaded with (if

their main function is making proteins)?

Ribosomes. Rough ER, Golgi Apparatus

Specialized Animal Cells

Specialized Plant cells

Lots of chemical activity all the time

Exchanges carbon dioxide, water vapor,

oxygen, and other gases through tiny pores

called…?

STOMATA

Found underside of leaves

Guard Cells: Highly specialized cells

that regulate process of

gas exchange at the

stomatas

They monitor plants

internal conditions and

regulate stomata

accordingly

If plant needs gas

exchange, what will happen

to the stomata?

open

Levels of Organization

Makes it easier to describe cells in a multicellular organism Cells- basic unit of living things

Tissues- group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Organs- group of tissues working together to perform a specific function

Organ systems- group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

ORGANISM