district disaster management plan visakhapatnam · for efficient execution of the district disaster...
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District Disaster Management Plan
Visakhapatnam
Volume I – General Plan and Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis
Prepared by: District Administration, Visakhapatnam
Supported by: UNDP, India
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Contents 1. The Introduction: ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. The Objectives of the Plan: ..................................................................................................... 5 1.2. Approach: ................................................................................................................................ 5 1.3. How to Use This Plan .............................................................................................................. 7 1.4. Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 8 1.5. Scope and Ownership of District Disaster Management Plan: ............................................... 9 1.6. Monitoring, evaluation and update of the Plan ................................................................... 10 1.6.1.1. Review and update ....................................................................................................... 11 1.6.1.2. Evaluation of the Plan ................................................................................................... 12
2. The Implementation of the District Disaster Management Plan ........................................ 14 2.1. Institutional Mechanisms ...................................................................................................... 14 2.2. Disaster Management Authorities ........................................................................................ 15 2.3. Incident Response System .................................................................................................... 15 2.4. District Control Rooms .......................................................................................................... 17 2.5. Response – Coordination between district, state and national levels ................................. 18 2.6 Departmental Capacity building (SWOT analysis) Findings of Line Departments Assessment from one-to-one Consultations ........................................................................................................ 19
2.5.1. General role and linkages of department in district disaster management plan ......... 19 2.5.2. Key Actions to strengthen the functioning of Visakhapatnam District Administration and Departments in Disaster Management .................................................................................. 22
3. District Profile ............................................................................................................................. 26 3.1. Administrative Setup............................................................................................................. 27 3.2. Geography ............................................................................................................................. 28 3.3. Demography .......................................................................................................................... 30 3.4. Heritage and Culture ............................................................................................................. 31 3.5. Infrastructure and Services ................................................................................................... 32 3.6. Climate and Rainfall: ............................................................................................................. 33 3.7. Industrialization .................................................................................................................... 34
4. Hazard Assessment based on One to One consultation with Line department ............... 36 4.1. Matrix of Hazard History ....................................................................................................... 36 4.2. Seasonality of hazards .......................................................................................................... 38 4.3. Mandal-wise mapping ........................................................................................................... 38 4.4. Hazard Wise Vulnerabilities: ................................................................................................. 40
4.4.1. Population Vulnerable to Cyclones ............................................................................... 40 4.4.2. Population vulnerable to Flooding and or waterlogging .............................................. 42 4.4.3. Population Vulnerable to Heat wave ............................................................................ 44 4.4.4. Population Vulnerability to Earthquake Seismicity....................................................... 46
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1. The Introduction:
Introduction An effective and realistic District Disaster Management Plan with full proof
communication, authentic and accurate data base, documented and rehearsed to be activated in the
shortest possible time with minimum simple orders and procedures ensuring active participation
both by Government, Community and Volunteers at all levels making optimum utilisation of men,
material and available resources with no gaps or no over laps to prevent loss to lives and minimise
loss to property ensuring fastest approach for rescue, rehabilitation and to avert further miseries of
the calamity stricken people. There is a saying that a friend in need is a friend indeed. The DDMP like
a true friend will obviously guide the entire machinery engaged for relief operation and input
courage among the community to face the eventuality boldly.
India in general is one of the most hazard prone countries in the world. 60% of the country is prone
to earthquakes of moderate to high intensity, 40 million hectares is prone to floods, 5,700 km long
coast is prone to cyclones and tsunamis and the whole of Himalayas are prone to landslides. The
state of Andhra Pradesh in particular is one of the multi-hazard prone districts in India. As a result, it
was important to develop a plan that improves district’s response to disasters while improving its
ability to mitigate the disaster risks and increasing community’s resilience by implementing the
preparedness plan.
It was deemed important to put a plan in place for dealing with disasters in an organized way with all
the stakeholders well-aware of their role in responding to or preparing for disasters, as the district is
responsible for responding to disasters through its Incident Response Team in the disaster site, while
the State and the Centre is responsible for providing extended support, guidance, external resources
Respond
Recover
Rebuild
Prepare
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or additional help as required in case of any major disasters and upon the request of support from
the district.
The vision of District Disaster Management Plan is to enable disaster resilient development in
Visakhapatnam district and continuity of services essential for life and dignity of citizens during
disaster and non-disaster situations.
1.1. The Objectives of the Plan:
• Identify areas in the district that are prone to natural and manmade disasters;
• Understand the existing vulnerabilities and coping mechanisms of the
community by conducting panchayat level assessment exercise;
• Identify the measures that ought to be taken by the district administration for
prevention and mitigation of disasters;
• Build awareness among different stakeholders both at the administrative as well
as the community level by directly engaging them in the process of district
disaster management planning;
• Identify various existing development schemes that could be implemented for
mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in development;
• Specify key areas for improving disaster resilience by awareness, training and
capacity-building of the stakeholders;
• Highlight preparedness measures required to be undertaken by the district
administration so as to be able to better respond to any threatening disaster
situation;
• Prepare the response plan for quick and effective response; and
• Establish the reconstruction, rehabilitation and recovery plan in order to restore
the vital life support systems to minimum operating standards at a first moment
and work towards rehabilitating them to at least the original standards.
1.2. Approach:
The aim of the plan is to establish necessary systems, structures, programs, resources,
capabilities and guiding principles for reducing disaster risks and preparing for and
responding to disasters and threats of disasters in respective district, in order to save lives
and property, avoid disruption of economic activity and damage to environment and to
ensure the continuity and sustainability of development.
The district disaster management plan has a holistic and integrated approach with emphasis
on prevention, mitigation and preparedness by ensuring that Disaster Management receives
the highest priority at all levels in the district. It has a paradigm shift, similar to the lines of
national and state level, from reactive and relief centric approach to disasters. The approach
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is aimed to conserve developmental gains and also minimize losses to lives, livelihood and
property. For efficient execution of the District Disaster Management Plan, the Plan has
been organized as per these four stages of the Disaster Cycle.
Non disaster stage: Activities include disaster mitigation1, leading to prevention2 & risk
reduction3. Before disaster stage: Activities include preparedness to face likely disasters,
dissemination of early warnings. During disaster stage: Activities include quick response,
relief, mobilization of search &rescue, damage assessment. After disaster stage: Activities
include recovery & rehabilitation programs in disaster affected areas.
1 The lessening or minimizing of the adverse impacts of a hazardous event - UNISDR 2 Activities and measures to avoid existing and new disaster risks - UNISDR 3 aimed at preventing new and reducing existing disaster risk and managing residual risk, all of which
contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the achievement of sustainable development - UNISDR
Befor Disaster
During Disaster
After Disaster
Normal Time
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Action
Know your Hazard Risks (Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity)
Act per your specific plan
Know resources available
Safety Tips for various disasters (Do’s & Don’ts
1. Know how development is affected by climate induced disasters
2. Know how to link DRR-CCA with development programs
Referance
District Profile & HVCA
Early Warning System & Incident Response System
Standard operating procedure for line departments
Response Plan
General Plan (Annexture)
Risk Reduction Plan: ‘Climate Change Action Plan’
Risk Reduction Plan: ‘Schemes for DRR & CCA’
Remarks
Read this to understand disaster context of the district
Refer Preparedness Plan
For Early Warning and normal times, refer “Preparedness and Response plan
Read to know about available resourses to respond to any disasters
Read to know what to do and what not to do before, during and after disasters
Climate induced disasters are listed with department specific impacts and exiting coping mechanisms.
Schemes from central and state government with DRR linkages mentioned. Possible actions.
1.3. How to Use This Plan
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1.4. Methodology
District disaster management planning has often been criticized for being comprised of
general guidelines rather than actionable plans. It has also been criticized to be incomplete
in its approach for either non-involvement of communities (the victims of disasters) or
completing mere formality. Therefore, with the aim to overcome this scenario, the District
Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) of Visakhapatnam in partnership with AIDMI has
worked to make this plan more inclusive. The term inclusive points to a wider community
outreach, a greater ownership by district’s administrative officers and an institution-based
focus to address safety issues.
In view of this, the process was divided in two phases. The first phase was mainly comprised
of consultations with various stakeholders such as line departments, MP Block Development
Officers (MPDOs), members of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), and vulnerable communities
in order to collect the necessary information and data and understand the particularities
and matters related to risk reduction in the district. It was also comprised of meetings
between AIDMI and the DDMA to discuss and improve the framework of the DDMP.
In consonance with the approach of making the plan inclusive, during the second phase two
major key government institutions were covered in depth to address safety issues. Once all
these activities had been undertaken on the field, the plan was prepared based on its
outcomes and by consulting the Disaster Management Act (DMA), 2005, the DDMP model
framework by NDMA and the directions provided by UNDP Andhra Pradesh.
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1.5. Scope and Ownership of District Disaster Management Plan: Any type of disaster, be it natural or manmade, leads to immense loss of life, and also
causes damage to the property and the surrounding environment, to such an extent that
the normal social and economic mechanism available to the society, gets disturbed. The
Govt. of India, recognized the need to of a proactive, comprehensive, and sustained
approach to disaster management to reduce detrimental effects of disasters on overall
socio-economic development of country, and came out with Disaster Management (DM) Act
2005, and highlighted the role and importance of District Disaster Management Plan. The
Govt. of Andhra Pradesh also believes that there is a need for a Disaster Management Plan
in every district that articulates its vision and strategy for disaster management in the state.
In this context the Department of Disaster Management Andhra Pradesh provides guidelines
to various entities involved in disaster management in the state to discharge their
responsibilities more effectively. Further, as per the DM Act, the District Disaster
Management Authority to be formed in each district and it will be the nodal agency for
preparation, functioning and review of the District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP). The
scope of district disaster management plan is very wide, and it is applicable in all the stages
of disasters (before, during, after & non disaster time). The DDMPs can help officials in
taking important decisions and also provide guidance to direct subordinates in emergency.
The DDMP helps in saving the precious time, which might be lost in the consultations, and
getting approval from authorities. It will be the responsibility of the District Disaster
Management Authority members to look after the district and sub district level
institutionalization activities pertaining to the disaster management, including the periodic
review of district disaster management plan and allied functions. DDMP is an operational
module for district administration (owned by the DDMA) and it helps to effectively mitigate
the different types of disasters with locally available persons and resources. It also ensures a
checklist for all the stakeholders for an action oriented response structure and to study their
preparedness level.
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1.6. Monitoring, evaluation and update of the Plan
The process is not necessarily successful if flaws are not found, but rather if the
appropriate measures are undertaken in face of the necessary improvements. In view of
this, the role and responsibilities of the DDMA are:
Monitoring and
Evaluation
Ensure a year-round
implementation
Check the level of preparedness
Assess the trainings
imparted for capacity building
Determine the adequacy of
resources
Verify if the coordination
between departments and agencies
*•Monitor the functioning and adequacy of the resources present in the district every six months
•Ensure that all the departmental plans are operational and checked by the respective nodal officers
*
•Based on the analysis, the DDMA has to procure/purchase/borrow resources from the concerned authorities and replace the dilapidated and non-functioning resources using the developmental funds
*•Ensure that all the departmental plans are operational and checked by the respective nodal officers
•Monitor that all the officers of the frontline departments are trained as per guidelines/requirements
*
•Monitor that all mitigation, preparedness and response measures are properly implemented within the district
•Identify and ensure implementation of disaster risk reduction into developmental projects and schemes. Additionally, all heads of departments at the district level must identify suitable and relevant schemes (centrally-sponsored or state-funded) which can be used for and/or linked with disaster management
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1.6.1.1. Review and update
The reasons for the review and further update of the DDMP can be categorized in two
major groups: a) domestic changes, i.e. changes within the district itself, whether related
to operational activities, geo-characteristics of the environment, physical resources or
knowledge enhancement; b) external changes, i.e. those related to changes in regulatory
requirements.
When it comes to the external changes, the plan has to be updated once every year and
preferably within the first month of the new financial year in order to incorporate:
Changes in district
vulnerability
Internal Ground
Review and Update
Major change in
the set operational activities
Acquisition of new
resources
Names and contact
details of the
officers/officials
Lessons learned
Changes made to existing centrally and state-sponsored
schemes
Introduction of new schemes by the central or state
governments that are relevant for disaster risk reduction
Passing of the new acts in the parliament that have any
bearing on the DDMP irrespective of any prior
reference to the functions of the act
Change of directions by the state or any updates to the State Disaster Management
Plan
Installation of new technology by the NDMA/APSDMA related to communication networks,
knowledge management systems, early warning, etc
Opening up of any relevant state/national institution or mechanism for training; etc
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Every time that the DDMP is reviewed and updated, it has to be uploaded on the website of
the Andhra Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority (APSDMA) and the updated
version should distinctly mention the major changes and newly added components so that
any block or district official, community-based organisation, NDMA, can easily study the
plan etc. Additionally, the updated DDMP has to be circulated to all stakeholder
departments, agencies and organizations.
1.6.1.2. Evaluation of the Plan
Two are the most important mechanisms for testing the plan, viz. emergency
management exercises and mock-drills, which are explained in the next sub-topics.
a) Emergency Management Exercise
The Emergency Management Exercise (EMEx) aims to provide to its participants a
theoretical, practical, and holistic training in key urban disaster management issues. It is
comprised of progressively complex exercises, each of which builds upon the skills learned
in previous exercises. The main elements of an EMEx are4:
- Parallel training courses or tracks, including prep-workshops;
- Table-top simulation;
- Field drill;
- Debriefing; and
- Evaluation.
According to the training manual developed by NDMA about EMEx, there are eight stages to
be followed to plan and conduct an EMEx, which take at least six months to be completed.
These stages are mentioned below – detailed explanation of the phases, timeline, critical
actions, and outcomes and other information are found in the manual itself.
1. The policy-level decision of the state/city approving the organization of the EMEx
is taken in this phase and it represents the commitment to hold the exercise.
2. Identification of the types of training tracks to be held in the EMEx and their
number.
3. Definition of the financial plan and budget of the EMEx and state commitment of
financial resources towards organizing it.
4. Selection of the city/venue for holding of the EMEx.
5. Identification and selection of key stakeholders required to conduct the EMEx, as
well as management of the logistics/operations required and monitoring
arrangements.
6. Formation of a state-level committee to look after the important decisions of
EMEx.
7. Identification of participants to attend the EMEx.
4NDMA, Training Manual - How to conduct Emergency Management Exercise (EMEx), September 2015
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8. Follow-up phase, which includes documentation (e.g. after action and evaluation
reports), link to way ahead.
Besides that, regular monitoring is strongly recommended in order to ensure that the
preparation is on track.
b) Mock-drill
The nodal authority for the task of implementation of the DDMP, whether during or after
disasters, is the DDMA. In this regard, mock-drill exercises are required in order to verify
the level of preparedness and improve the coordination during emergencies.
Mock-drills help in evaluating response and improving coordination within the
administration, with various departments, non-government agencies, other stakeholders
and communities. They help in identifying the extent to which the DDMP is effective and
support the revision of the same, if required. These drills enhance the ability to respond
faster, better and in an organized manner during the response and recovery phase. In
sum, mock-drills are required for the following reasons:
- Make the plan usable;
- Improve the know-how of practices to be followed while dealing with disasters;
- Get communities prepared to deal more appropriately during disasters;
- Build the confidence of communities in the administration and respondents; and
- Make the plan more practicable by upgrading it as per the identified needs and
gaps.
Type of Mock
drill
Fire
mock-
drill
Cyclone-
Flood mock-
drill
Earthquake
mock-drill
Heat wave
Mock drill
Timeline February May Anytime February
After every exercise of mock-drill, an evaluation report has to be elaborated. It should
include findings, recommendations, and a rank the identified findings according to the
categories described below. The format for the evaluation report is given right after.
- Observation: finding has little direct impact on emergency response or restoration,
but should be considered for improving the emergency response;
- Gap: finding has some measurable impact on timeliness of restoration or
effectiveness of emergency response;
- Significant Gap: finding has significant impact on timeliness of restoration or
effectiveness of emergency response with significant potential to impact public
safety.
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2. The Implementation of the District Disaster Management Plan
2.1. Institutional Mechanisms
The Disaster Management Act, 2005, Government of India provides for an effective
institutional mechanism for drawing up and monitoring and implementation of DDMP for
prevention and mitigation of disasters and for taking up a holistic, coordinated and prompt
response to any disaster situation. Under the Act certain authority are conferred to the
state Government for making rules to carry out the provisions of the Act.
The institutional mechanism for Disaster Management at the District Level, as envisaged in
the National Plan is shown below.
Diasaster Management Committee
Zila Parishad
Chairperson
( District Magistrate)
Superindent of Police Chief Medical officer Project Director (DRDA)
Chief Executive Officer(DEOC)
Co-Chairperson
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2.2. Disaster Management Authorities The Disaster Management Act, 2005, Government of India provides for an effective
institutional mechanism for drawing up and monitoring and implementation of DDMP for
prevention and mitigation of disasters and for taking up a holistic, coordinated and prompt
response to any disaster situation. Under the Act certain authority are conferred to the
state Government for making rules to carry out the provisions of the Act. In perspective to
Sub Section (1) and (2) of the Section 25 of the Disaster Management Act (53 0f 2005) the
State Government will have an established District Disaster Management Authority for the
District of Visakhapatnam in the State of Andhra Pradesh Disaster Management Rules 2007.
As per the instruction of the Government vide G.O.Ms.No.1436, Revenue (DM III)
Department, Dt.14-11-2007, the following officers are appointed as members to the District
Disaster Management Authority.
Sl. No Member of DDMA Designation
1 The Collector/Magistrate Chairperson
2 Chairperson of Zila Parishad Co-Chairperson
3 Superintendent of Police Member,
Ex-Officer
4 Addl. Deputy Commissioner
/ Joint Collector
Chief executive Officer,
Convener
5 Project Director, District Rural Development
agency (DRDA)
Member
6 Chief executive Officer of the Zila Parishad Member,
Ex Officer
7 District Medical and Health Officer of the District Member,
Ex- Officer
2.3. Incident Response System The Incident Response System (IRS) is an effective mechanism for reducing the scope for ad-
hoc measures in response. It incorporates all the tasks that may be performed during
disaster management (DM) irrespective of their level of complexity. It envisages a
composite team with various sections to attend to the entire possible responses
requirement. The IRS identifies and designates officers to perform various duties and get
them trained in their respective roles.
The District Magistrate/DC will head the district administrative set up and will be the
chairperson of the DDMA as per the Act. He is designated as the Responsible Officer (RO) in
the District as per the Incident Response System.
The complete IRS organisational structure at the District level is depicted below:
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The Incident Response Teams (IRT) will be pre-designated at all levels that are state,
District, Sub-division, Mandal. All IRTs will be headed by the respective administrative
heads of excluding state and district. At state level it is the principal secretary revenue
and disaster management and at district level it is the JDM will lead the IRT as an IC. In
the IRS however the Chief Secretary and DMs have been given the authority to select
anyone else also if they think it necessary.
District Magistrate/ RO
Incident Commander
Sub-Division IRT
IncidentCommander
Thesil IRT
Incident Commander
Block IRT
HQ IRT District EOC
Nodal Officer
Air Operations
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2.4. District Control Rooms The DM Act, 2005 envisages for the district control room which will be in place
undertaking pre-disaster, during and post disaster activities in the district. For
effective coordination, robust pre-designated communication system with various
line departments to be installed for reducing the potential effects of disasters in the
district.
The Visakhapatnam district has different control rooms, which are operational round the
clock, throughout the year. These are as follows:
Table: Details of control rooms established
Sr. No. Control Room Location Contact Details
1 District control room Visakhapatnam Collectorate 1800-425-00001
2 Police Control Room Police Control Room,
Visakhapatnam
101 /080990 76739.
(0891) 2565454
3 Fire Control Room Fire Service Station, Visakhapatnam 101/ 2787818
4 Ambulance Medical and Health Office,
Visakhapatnam
108/ 102
5 GVMC (Greater
Visakhapatnam
Municipal
Corporation)
Visakhapatnam Municipal
Corporation, Visakhapatnam
77023 77377, GVMC
Commissioner
(Wednesdays 10:30
to 11:30 AM) – 1-
800-425-00009
District Control Room
Dissemination
All Govt & Non-
Govt Agencies General Public
Information
Department
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2.5. Response – Coordination between district, state and national levels The state level high power standing committee is currently operational in the state to
mitigate and manage disasters/emergencies to convene, review administrative
preparedness and response mechanisms. State Executive Council (SEC) of the State Disaster
Management Authority has been constituted under the chairmanship of the Chief Secretary.
The SEC at the state level and other agencies from central government complement the
functioning of SDMA in executing disaster management functions. Figure: 3 below present
the coordination between central government with state and state with district/ULB level.
Coordination mechanism between national to state and state to district
National Calamities Management
Committee
NDMA National
Executive
Council
Ministry of
Home Affairs
Commissioner
Disaster Mgmt
State
Executive
Council
APSDMA
State Crisis Management Committee
(SCMG)
District level coordinating
committee
District
Collector
DDMA
Mandals ULBs
Community task Force Community task Force
Gram
Panchaya
t
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2.6 Departmental Capacity building (SWOT analysis) Findings of Line Departments
Assessment from one-to-one Consultations This section includes an assessment of both vulnerabilities and capacities within the line
departments. As part of the process, a number of consultations were held with several line
departments on one-to-one basis. The exercise revealed the existing scenario in which these
line departments are functioning, the challenges they face and capabilities available when it
comes to disaster management and related matters.
In the following sub-sections, a matrix provides an overview of the current situation
of each line department, as it summarizes the main strengths and areas of improvement.
Right after, a table was prepared to provide an explanation of these elements, as well as of
other relevant factors. Depending on the line department, some sub-topics were also added
like suggestions for further action and information about past disasters.
2.5.1. General role and linkages of department in district disaster management plan
Sr. no
Department Role of Department
1. Agriculture Department
Agriculture Department always sustains losses/damage when floods and cyclone occur in the State. The quantum of losses is proportional to the intensity, time and duration of the hazard. It is difficult to prevent such losses but remedial measures can be taken to save the crops and if this is not possible to go in for alternative measures suitable for the area and type of soil.
2. Revenue Department
The Revenue Department is the nodal department for coordination, management of a cyclone event as it has a network of officials up to village level, and officers of the department have magisterial powers. The department is assisted by the concerned line Departments/agencies to fulfill the responsibilities assigned. Pre, during and post action plans in coordination with the line departments, conducting relief, rescue and rehabilitation is the main activity
3. Education Department
Schools and schoolchildren are the most affected by disasters and a well thought out plan should be in place to ensure work smoothly to reduce this vulnerability and to play an important role in the community in responding to disasters.
4. Police Department
The Police Department is one of the key Government departments. Both in the normal times when no disasters occur and in times of disasters, this department is the department that first responds and assist in evacuation process and in maintaining law and order in and around shelters.
5. Transport Department
Districts will work out strategy and priority of departments that should be provided power continuously before during and after the event. The order of the departments is communication/transmission stations, water works, hospitals, relief camps, shelters, railways and important road points.
6. Fire Department The Department is capable of rendering life-saving service to the people involved in disasters both natural and man-made.
7. Bharat Sanchar Establish radio Communications with state control room, district
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Nigam Ltd. (BSNL) control room and departmental offices within the district. All personnel required for Disaster Management should work under the overall supervision and guidance of District Collector.
8. Information & public relations
department
Department of information & public relations is an important link between the media and people/ Government during normal times. During natural calamities, their role is as equally important as with the other key departments.
9. Horticulture Department
Planting trees is an easy and effective way to beautify our property, provide shade in summer and wind protection in winter. Tree is such a visible part of the landscape care must be taken to ensure proper growth conditions are maintained. A tree is far more difficult and expensive to replace, once mature in the landscape, than most shrubs.
10. Municipal and urban
development
The Housing & Urban Development Department is the nodal Department for ensuring proper and planned growth of cities and towns with adequate infrastructure and basic amenities. The continuous exodus of rural population to urban areas has contributed to the exponential growth resulting in severe strain on the existing infrastructure and subsequent demand for additional provisions. To keep pace with the growing demands of the urban area, the Department has been taking effective and adequate steps for efficient management & delivery of basic urban services like provision of Safe Drinking Water, Sanitation, Roads, Solid Waste Management, and Housing etc.
11. Water Resource Department
This department plays vital role in Hydrological assessment of availability of water in the river basins including water allocation to the Irrigation and other purposes duly assessing the availability in the basin. Construction of new projects to create irrigation potential for economic development. Improve water management, efficiency by integrated and coordinated, and implementation of operation and maintenance plans for existing Irrigation projects. Flood management, Restoration, and maintenance of flood banks.
12. Public Health Engineering Department
Natural unforeseen calamities, i.e. disaster like drought, cyclonic storm and flood are the common occurrences in the State every year. These kinds of disaster have always-wider impact on human life, livestock, property and assets created by individual and state. Aftermath the disaster among the basic needs for survival, safe drinking water and emergency sanitation always figures on top of the priority list along with food and shelter. As Public Health Engineering Department/Directorate is mandated for supply of safe drinking water to the people of the State, during disaster it requires delivery of services on safe drinking water supply on war footing basis.
13. Women & Child Development Department
Women & Child Development Department is having a well-developed network for providing its services to the beneficiaries. However, during natural calamity like flood, cyclone, earthquake
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and disease epidemic the institutional network get disrupted. Awareness and capacity building needs to be provided on subjects related to degree and intensity of disaster (limited to low and medium magnitude). In order to provide effective relief services, assistance from Voluntary agencies, H&FW, Panchayat Raj, Rural Development, Police etc. is required.
14. Building Construction Department
(PWD) Department
As this Department is dealing with, and responsible for construction work and its day to day maintenance for road, bridge, C.D. Works along with all public building works under its control, all the field officials starting for Executive Engineers, Assistant Engineer and Junior Engineers are warned for such identification of structures accordingly
15. Rural Water Supply &
Sanitation Department
Natural disasters often put a vast majority of the population at health risk, claim human lives, and devastate household property and public infrastructure. Almost all of the States of India are vulnerable to at least some of the natural calamities, including cyclone, flood, tsunami, drought, earthquake etc. Climate change is also now exacerbating disasters, both in terms of numbers and complexity. Almost all types of natural disasters can lead to situations of large scale displacement of communities whose health is at risk due to disruption of basic services like drinking water sanitation, health care, food supply etc. Water supply and sanitation in particular, often become the most crucial needs of the disaster-affected population, especially women and children. The onslaught of natural disasters may lead to outbreak of epidemics like cholera, diarrheal diseases, dengue, malaria, typhoid etc. It is possible to mitigate, if not prevent, the adverse impact of disasters, by planned disaster risk reduction interventions on water supply, sanitation and hygiene by Government and other stakeholders.
16. Panchayat Raj Department
In general, if the local bodies like Panchayats are not consulted for preparedness planning, relief and rehabilitation work, it leads to absence of transparency and accountability in the mitigation efforts. The whole approach towards rehabilitation work may end up being „top down‟ in nature. As the relief and restoration efforts involve investment of hundreds and thousands of cores rupees, there should be satisfaction of having utilized them properly and efficiently. Activities like distributing immediate relief in the form of money, food grains, medical care, cloths, tents, vessels drinking water and other necessities, activities of restoration, rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts of damaged villages and towns can be implemented better with the involvement of local bodies.
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2.5.2. Key Actions to strengthen the functioning of Visakhapatnam District Administration
and Departments in Disaster Management
Sr. No
Department Capacity Areas for Improvement
Key actions to strengthen functioning of the departments
1 Agriculture Department
Coordination with District administration Preventive methods Public awareness and support
Personnel, Equipment, Schemes and Disaster management guidelines
- The department has less strength which has to be improvised to strengthen it capacity to work better
- The equipments in the department were to be increased and the staff to be trained to use those equipments when ever required during emergencies
- The department should come out with good Schemes to sustain their services in better manner
- Standard SOP for Disaster management has to be framed in the department
2 Civil Supplies Department
Schemes, Coordination with district administration and Preparedness
Training, Equipment, Transport, Personnel, and Disaster Management guidelines
- The department has no trained men to handle the emergencies. The staff have to be trained in field of Disaster management to act smart during the emergency periods
- The department doesn’t have any specific equipments related to the field of disaster management which has to be taken care.
- Transport was the major problem that the department faces , there are no vehicles that could support the emergencies in regard of public distribution system
3 Fire Department
Coordination with district administration, Infrastructure, Equipment and Disaster management guidelines
Personnel, Funding and Training
- Sufficient staff was not available to handle the Emergency cases effectively. So it is need to strengthen the department by rising the staff number
- The funds allocated to the department were not sufficient to run the administration on smooth tracks which has to be improvised by rising funds towards the department capacity building activities
- Training should be conducted to the field people regularly, there were no much well trading men to handle emergencies.
23
4 Fisheries Department
Coordination with district administration, Public awareness and support, Relief and compensation mechanism and Funding
Personnel, Equipment , Communication and Disaster management guidelines
- The staff strength of the department have to increased in specific to the field staff
- Department holds less number of equipment related to disaster management. The equipments must be increased for better action during emergencies.
- The department facing lots of problems in communication with fisherflok. And so the network in the department must be increased for its better communication.
- The department doesn’t have a standard SOP in related to Disaster management. But serve the public with the emergency SOP framed in time. A standard SOP has to be developed in the department which could be very useful during emergencies.
5 Equipment, Coordination with district administration, Public awareness and support and Training
Personnel, Funding and Disaster management guidelines
- Sufficient staff is not available to handle the works during Emergency cases. The staff strength have to be increased to run the department on smooth tracks.
- The department doesn’t have sufficient funding to cope up with the emergencies. But several schemes were been implemented such as Neeru Chettu, 09-Mixed Plantation, 04-Sancturies, IFM, SFDA, NMPB, MGNREGS. The department has to come out with good schemes designed by State or Central Government.
- Department doesn’t have any SOPs to handle the disaster situations. A Standard SOP has to be developed in the department to cope up with the Future Disasters.
6 Horticulture Department
Preparedness, Coordination with District administration, Preventive methods , Public awareness and support
Personnel, Equipment, Enumerating and disaster management guidelines
- The manpower of the department in insufficient. The department lack of manpower to take up field works mostly in communicating each and every farmer. So it is needed to increase the field staff.
- The department doesn’t have any equipment in specific; Shortage of technicians is the main reason behind. The equipment of the
24
department has to be increased and specific trained staff has to be developed in the department.
- The department faces difficulty in enumeration of crops as per IB patta, unavailability of revenue staff.
- The department has no SOP which has to be framed
-
7 Irrigation Department
Coordination with District administration, Preventive methods, Funds and Training
Equipments, Personnel and Disaster management guidelines
- The department doesn’t have necessary equipments to act smart during emergencies and also lack of personnel vehicles in case of emergency transports. So there was a pressing need of equipments
- The manpower of the department in insufficient, mainly to handle the field level works. The staff strength has to be raised to carry out the work on a smooth way
- The Standard Operating System was not framed but the department serves in emergencies only basing on the instant SOPs.
8 Police Department
Team work , Coordination with district administration and Public Awareness
Equipment, Personnel, Network and Disaster management guidelines
- The department has very less equipments, the quantity has be increased to act smart during emergencies
- The man power has to be increased in the department, where some the people have to be get trained well to handle the emergencies.
- The network was the major problem faced regularly by the department, due to the lack of regular power supply (power cut) the network during emergencies get interrupted frequently.
- A standard guidelines SOP has to be prepared in the department to be always be prepared.
9 Power Department
Coordination with District administration, Training, Equipment and Personnel
Infrastructure, Schemes and Disaster management guidelines
- The infrastructure of the department must be improved, as the department needed to have a good infrastructure
- The schemes to be improvised in the district and should be taken care in implementation for the welfare of the district.
- The Standard Operating System was
25
not framed but it department serves the public in emergencies only basing on the instant SOPs. So it is needed to have a good SOP
10 Roads & Buildings Department
Equipment, Coordination with District administration and Preventive methods
Personnel, Public awareness Funding and Disaster management guidelines
- The manpower of the department in insufficient. The field workers were the major backlog in the department. It is needed to increase the staff strength
- The public must be made aware of the road safety and building principals, the department has to get improvised in creating public awareness regularly according to the measures taken up by the Government.
- The department should be provided in time fund to serve better.
- The Standard Operating System was not framed but the department serves the public in emergencies only basing on the instant SOPs. So a well established SOP has to be made
11 Water Resources Department
Coordination with district administration, Preparedness, Training and Disaster management guidelines
Personnel, Funding and Equipment
- The strength of the department has to be increased, it was that Manpower is less at field level at Dam sites.
- Funding with the department is limited and it can help to address minor to major activities to some extent, besides which there is need for increased funding
- The department doesn’t have any kind of equipment; no machinery and no flood stores available, so these things has to be taken utmost care.
26
3. District Profile
The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Visakhapatnam
district for 2011 is 384 people per sq. km. In 2001, Visakhapatnam district density was at 343 people
per sq. km. Visakhapatnam district administers 11,161 square kilometres of areas. And the Average
literacy rate of Visakhapatnam in 2011 was 66.91 compared to 59.96 of 2001.
The prominent natural and manmade hazards in the district are as below;
Cyclone
Floods
Drought
Heatwaves
NaturalDomestic Fire
Man made
27
3.1. Administrative Setup
Geographical Area ( in Hectors) 11.61 Lakhs
Forest Area ( in Hectors) 441166
No. of Revenue Divisions 3
No. of Revenue Mandals 43
No. of Revenue Villages 3294
No .of Municipal Corporations 1
No. of Municipalities 2
No. of Nagara Panchayats -
No. of Gram Panchayats 944
No. of Notified Gram Panchayats
Population as per 2011 Census 42,90,589
Male 21,38,910
Female 21,51,679
Rural Population 22,54,667
Urban Population 20,35,922
Density of Population per Sq. Kms (2011) 384
Scheduled Caste Population 3,29,486
Scheduled Tribes Population 3,29,486
Literate Total Population 25,68,249
i) Male 14,22,878
ii) Female 11,45,371
Sea Line
Length 132 kms
Mandals covered 11
Cyclone Flood Drought Heatwave
Road Accident
Earthquake
Domestic Fire
High Risk 1 Mandals - - 9 Mandals 6 Mandals - -
Moderate Risk
42 Mandals
13 Mandals
42 Mandals
13 Mandals
18 Mandals
43 Mandals
39 Mandals
28
3.2. Geography The District presents two distinct Geographic divisions. The strip of the land along the coast and the
interior called the plains division and hilly area of the Eastern Ghats flanking it on the North and
West called the Agency Division. The Agency Division consists of the hilly regions covered by the
Eastern Ghats with an altitutde of about 900 metres dotted by several peaks exceeding 1200 metres.
Sl.No Particulars Description
1 Total Area 11.61 Lakhs ha
2 Forest Cover 441166 ha
3 Major Rivers Saradha, Varaha, Thandava
Minor Streams Sileru, Meghadrigedda and Gambheeramgedda
Drainage System Saradha, Varaha, Thandava and rivulets Sileru, Meghadrigedda and Gambheeramgedda
4 Hills & Elevation Sankaram Forest(1615 m) covers several mandals
Soil Types Red Loamy, Sandy Loamy and Black cotton
6 Minerals Bauxite Apatite (Rock Phosphate) Calcite, Crystaline limestone Ruby Mica, Quartz, Vermiculate and Read and Yellow Ochre
7 Irrigation
Major Nil
Medium and Minor Ayacut of the medium and minor4 irrigation system
8 Crops Paddy, Ragi, Bajra , Jowar, Sugar cane, Groundnut, Sesamum Niger and Chillies
9 Average Rainfall 1202mm
Population Vulnerability to Earthquake Seismicity
The following lists the area (in sq. km.) and population in each block of the district vulnerable to
earthquake ground shaking.
MANDAL Total Area ZONE II Area ZONE III Area ZONE II POP ZONE III POP
ANAKAPALLE 168.76 167.15 104,412
ANANDAPURAM 166.18 169.57 52,411
ANANTHAGIRI 790.55 789.71 70,672
ARAKU VALLEY 301.58 302.80 43,735
ATCHUTAPURAM 129.49 129.60 42,780
BHEEMUNIPATNAM 110.81 109.01 105,163
BUTCHAYYAPETA 195.32 195.01 62,905
CHEEDIKADA 136.30 136.87 31,574
CHINTAPALLE 627.58 633.47 50,980
CHODAVARAM 144.26 144.13 58,364
DEVARAPALLE 142.46 142.92 34,804
DUMBRIGUDA 383.16 373.06 73,425
G MADUGULA 777.85 777.60 79,286
GAJUWAKA 65.69 60.56 216,442
GOLUGONDA 237.39 239.82 53,781
GUDEM KOTHA VEEDHI 904.48 898.72 33,393
HUKUMPETA 372.63 374.27 71,408
29
K KOTAPADU 122.40 118.70 31,497
KASIMKOTA 180.25 180.47 73,487
KOTAURATLA 231.47 237.40 36,099
KOYYURU 1,015.30 1,019.85 57,447
MADUGULA 218.83 211.96 60,007
MAKAVARAPALEM 195.87 197.43 45,233
MUNAGAPAKA 88.18 87.21 44,297
MUNCHINGIPUTTU 550.94 538.99 63,298
NAKKAPALLE 222.44 185.32 33.91 40,166 6,991
NARSIPATNAM 101.78 99.32 81,477
NATHAVARAM 274.29 268.89 44,802
PADERU 359.59 360.94 49,241
PADMANABHAM 142.14 142.92 83,064
PARAVADA 124.52 125.97 103,151
PAYAKARAOPETA 118.39 2.42 109.01 1,073 32,256
PEDABAYALU 491.05 477.22 59,123
PEDAGANTYADA 88.24 78.73 66,977
PENDURTHI 117.39 118.70 102,316
RAMBILLI 138.52 136.87 35,519
RAVIKAMATHAM 196.13 201.06 41,202
ROLUGUNTA 145.95 141.71 44,723
S RAYAVARAM 160.10 157.46 48,460
SABBAVARAM 145.06 142.92 58,350
VISAKHAPATNAM RURAL 133.45 128.39 189,129
VISAKHAPATNAM URBAN 68.17 65.41 1,353,960
YELAMANCHILI 141.40 140.50 56,749
TOTAL 11,426.33 11,211.04 142.92 4,056,382 39,247
PERCENTAGE (%) 99% 1% 99% 1%
30
3.3. Demography Unlike many coastal cities the district had been important trading route for Malacca Straits and
other countries. Overall there has been decadal growth in population, with development of
industries, infrastructures and transportation system in the district in rural and urban areas.
Population of the district
State District
Number of Villages Total 27,800 3,265
Inhabited 26,286 3,072
Uninhabited 1,514 193
Number of Towns Statutory 125 3
Census 228 12
Total 353 15
Number of Households Normal 2,09,27,188 10,91,723
Institutional 52,588 3,513
Houseless 42,812 1,806
Population Total Persons 8,45,80,777 42,90,589
Males 4,24,42,146 21,38,910
Females 4,21,38,631 21,51,679
Rural Persons 5,63,61,702 22,54,667
Males 2,82,43,241 11,13,234
Females 2,81,18,461 11,41,433
Area (in sq Km.) 275045 11161.00
Density of Population (Persons per sq Km.)
308 384
District census organisation, AP, 2011.
(The above image shows population distribution in heat wave zones for Visakhapatnam district)
31
3.4. Heritage and Culture
Serial
.No
Description Places/Centres/ Spots Possible Hazard Risk
1 Historical VICTORY AT SEA Cyclones
KURUPAM TOMB Cyclones
BAVIKONDA Cyclones , landslides
PAVURALA KONDA Landslides, cyclones
BHEEMILI BEACH Cyclones
2 Religious ANANTAGIRI Landslides, stampedes, Cyclones
SHIVAJIPALEM PARK Landslides, Road accidents,
cyclones, stampedes
RAMAKRISHNA MISSION BEACH Cyclones
ROSS HILL Landslides, cyclones
KALI TEMPLE Road accidents, cyclones,
stampedes
3 Tourist ARAKU VALLEY Landslides, Road accidents,
cyclones
VISAKHA MUSEUM Cyclones
BORRA CAVES Landslides, Road accidents,
cyclones
SHIVAJIPALEM PARK Cyclones
KAILASAGIRI Landslides, road accidents, cyclones
VUDA PARK Cyclones
SUBMARINE MUSUEM Cyclones
YARADA BEACH Cyclones, landslides
GANGAVARAM BEACH Cyclones , landslides
MUTYALAMPALEM BEACH AND
CREEK
Cyclones, landslide
RUSHIKONDA BEACH Cyclones
GEO PARK (ERRAMATTI DIBBALU) Cyclones
ETIKOPPAKA Cyclones
TYDA Road accidents, Cyclones, landslides
32
3.5. Infrastructure and Services
Sl. No Particular Unit Statistics
1 Roads
a. National Highway Kms 134.28
b. State Highways “ 354.63
c. Main District Highways “ 362.231
d. Other district & Rural “ 662.448
2 Railway “ 82.13
3 Communication
a. Post Offices Nos 138
b. Telephone centre Nos 102
c. PCO rural Nos 2813
4 Banking
a. Commercial banks Nos 291
b. Rural banks “ 59
c. Co-operative banks “ 38
5 Public Health
a. Allopathic Hospital No 11
b. Beds in Allopathic hospital “ 2813
c. CHC No -
d. PHC No 76
e. Dispensaries No 37
f. Sub- health centres “ 11
6 Education
a. Primary schools Nos 3382
b. Middle Schools “ 797
c. Secondary &Senior secondary schools
“ 706
d. Degree Colleges “ 107
g. PG Colleges “ 05
h. Pharmacy Colleges “ 02
i. Engineering Colleges “ 03
j. Polytechnic Colleges “ 01
k. Medical college “ 01
l. Dental college “ 01
m. Technical college “ 02
7 Industries
a. No of Industrial Area Nos 14
b. Total industrial units “ 6667
c. Registered Medium and Large Units
“ 72
d. Registered Industrial Units “ 1488
33
3.6. Climate and Rainfall: Visakhapatnam has a tropical climate. When compared with winter, the summers have
much more rainfall. The climate here is classified as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger system. The
average annual temperature is 27.8 °C in Visakhapatnam. In a year, the average rainfall is
1008 mm. The driest month is December, with 6 mm of rainfall. In October, the
precipitation reaches its peak, with an average of 259 mm. The warmest month of the year
is May, with an average temperature of 31.2 °C. At 23.5 °C on average, January is the coldest
month of the year.
Climate data for Visakhapatnam City
Month Jan Feb Mar
Apr May
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Year
Average high °C
28.9
31.3
33.8
35.3
36.2
35.3 32.9 32.7 32.5 31.7 30.4 28.9
32.5
Average low °C
18.0
19.9
23.0
26.1
27.7
27.3 26.1 26.0 25.6 24.3 21.6 18.6
23.7
Average precipitation mm
11.1
10.5
13.0
26.2
70.5
117.0
133.3
163.6
191.1
258.1
115.5
8.8 1,118.7
Average Rainy Days
0.5 0.5 0.5 1.2 3.0 6.4 8.7 9.3 9.9 8.7 2.7 0.6 52.0
The below image shows population distribution in heat wave zones for Visakhapatnam
district
34
3.7. Industrialization The Visakhapatnam Steel Plant is the biggest with an authorised share capital of Rs.7466
crores with a licenced capacity of 2.8 Million Tonnes of salable steel 3.0 Million Tonnes of
Pig Iron and 8.32 lakhs Tonnes of By product. About 25,000 persons expected to be
employed.
Industry at a Glance
Sr No
Head Unit Particulars
1. registered industrial unit NO. 1488 2. total industrial unit NO. 6667 3. registered medium & large unit NO. 72 4. estimated avg. no. of daily worker
employed in small scale industries
NO.
5. employment in large and medium industries
NO. Male-40012 , F- 6309
6. no. of industrial area NO. 14 7. turnover of small scale ind. IN LACS
8. turnover of medium & large scale industries
IN LACS 38160
Number of Hazardous premises inspected/deficiencies communicated during the month of February, 2014:
Hazardous premises
Total
No. Of
Hazar
do us
Premis
es in
the
Distric
t
Total No.
of
Hazardo
us
Premises
Inspecte
d in
t
he
District
during
the
month
Total No.
Of
Hazardou
s
premises
inspected
so for(Up
to
Jan,13)
Balanc
e of
Hazard
o us
premis
es to
be
inspe
cte d
No.
of
premises
where
deficienci
es
Noticed in the district during the month
No.
of
premises
where
communicat
io n made
to the
licensing
Authority
during
t
he month
Godowns 19 0 01 18 0 0
Small Scale Industries 334 0 09 325 0 0
Petroleum Retail outlets 190 00 61 129 0 0
Medium and Large
Scale Industries
51
00
05
46
0
0
35
L.P.G. Godowns 76 0 07 69 0 0
Cold Storages 30 0 08 22 0 0
Pharmaceutical Industries
67 05 62 0 05 05
Chemical Industries
(Rubber & Plastic)
0
0
0
0
0
0
Commercial Showrooms 04 0 01 03 0 0
Jute Mills 01 0 01 0 0 0
Bulk Storages of Electronic & Electrical Equipment
01
0
0
01
0
0
36
4. Hazard Assessment based on One to One consultation with Line
department Hazard, Vulnerability, Capacity& Risk Assessment (HVCRA) is the most important part of the plan as
the entire planning process will be based on its outcome. Any error in identifying the frequency,
magnitude and projected impact leads to incorrect identification of major hazard and hence an
imperfect plan. The necessary outcomes of the HVCR Assessment will be the type of hazards that the
district is prone to, history of hazards, impact analysis of the worst case, the area, people and
infrastructure that is prone to the risk of these hazards and their vulnerability of being damaged by
such disasters due to their susceptibility characteristics. Vulnerability Assessment should deal with
the natural, socio-economic vulnerability, housing vulnerability and the environmental vulnerability.
The vulnerability atlas of BMTPC can also be referred for this purpose. After knowing the existing
hazards and potential vulnerabilities, the risk analysis will be carried out. HVCR analysis will also
include resource inventory/capacity analysis, preparedness analysis in terms of network of
communication systems, public distribution systems, storage facilities, transportation facilities,
medical facilities, fire stations, cyclone shelters with their capacity, presence of NGOs and other
volunteers etc so as to enable quick response.
4.1. Matrix of Hazard History
Name of Hazard
Year Impact Department
Cyclone 1954 Severe no life loss Revenue
Department
1965 Severe no life loss Revenue
Department
1980 About 100 dead Revenue Department
1983 120 people dead, almost 64000- 65000 cattle
establishment damaged
Revenue Department
1979 Very serious 549 people dead Revenue Department
1985 No effect
1995 49 people deade, around 153 missing, about 80-85
boats lost, 2 million hectares crops damaged
Revenue Department
2001 78 people dead around 25000 peopled affected, Revenue Department
2014 29 people dead Revenue Department
2010 1337.102 hectares of horticulture crops were affected due to inundation. 7696 farmers have lost the crop
Horticulture Department
2012 1837.762 hectares of horticulture crops were affected due to inundation. 13235 farmers have lost the crop
Horticulture Department
2012 1606 Nos Irrigation Sources 45233.53 Lakhs Sarada,Varaha and Thandava Flood Banks- 88.40 Crores
Water Resources Department
2013 738 Nos Irrigation Sources 8221.26Lakhs
Water Resources Department
37
2014 1126 Nos Irrigation Sources 12459.70 Lakhs Sarada,Varaha and Thandava Flood Banks-103.31 crores
Water Resources Department
2014 700 fisher women vendors effected in cyclone Sevier damages of boats and nets and lost them livelihood opportunity
Fisheries Department
Pest Attack-Mango Manu
2008 281.12 hectares of Mango crop was affected, 409 farmers have lost the crop
Horticulture Department
Epidemics 2005 153324 affected Revenue Department
Floods 1990 Property & Environment loss Civil Supplies
Department
2013 Property & Environment loss Civil Supplies
Department
Urban Floods
Once in two years Municipal
Corporation
(GVMC)
Drought 2010 Resulted in huge crop losses Agriculture Department
2011 Reduced yields and related economic losses, poor water availability ,standing crops get affected at critical stages of crop growth hampering crop yields
Agriculture Department
Heavy rains, 2014 Low yields, Economic losses to farmers on account of
crop damages esp. in Paddy, Sugarcane, Groundnut,
Pulses etc.,
Agriculture Department
Earthquake 2014& 2016
Not that severe. Municipal
Corporation
(GVMC)
Heat Wave Every year
School closed for particular duration Education
Department
38
4.2. Seasonality of hazards
4.3. Mandal-wise mapping
Sr. No.
Revenue Mandal
Cyclone
Flood
Drought
Heatwave
Industrial Accident
Earthquake
Domestic Fire
Man Animal Conflict
1 Chintapalle M L M L L M M L
2 Koyyruru M L M L L M M L
3
Gudemkotha veedhi M L M L L M M L
4 Paderu M L M L L M M L
5 G. Madugula M L M L L M M L
6 Munchingi M L M L L M M L
7 Puttu M L M L L M M L
8 Peda Bayalu M L M L L M M L
9 Hukumpeta M L M L L M M L
10 Araku Valley M L M L L M M L
11 Ananthagiri M L M L L M M L
12 Dumbriguda M L M L L M M L
13 Chodavaram M L M L M M M L
14
Ravikamatham M L M M L M M L
15
Butchayyapeta M L M M L M M L
16 Cheedikada M L M M L M M L
17 Anakapalle M L M M L M L L
18 Munagapaka M L M M L M L L
19 Kasimkota M L M M L M L L
20 K.Kotapadu M L M M L M L L
21
K.Devarapalle M L M M L M M L
Disaster Jan Feb Mar Apl May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Earthquake
Cyclone
Floods
Fire accidents
Landslide
Epidemic
39
22 Sabbavaram M L M M M M M L
23 Paravada M L M M H M M L
24
Visakhapatnam H M M H H M M L
25 Pendurthi M M M H L M M L
26 Gajuwaka M M M H H M M L
27
Pedagantyada M M M H L M M L
28
Bheemunipatnam M M M H L M M L
29
Padmanabham M M M H M M M L
30
Anandapuram M M M H L M M L
31 Madugula M M M L L M M L
32 Narsipatnam M M M L L M M L
33 Golugonda M M M L L M M L
34 Rolugunta M L M L L M M L
35 Kotauratla M L M L L M M L
36
Makavarapalem M L M M L M M L
37 Nathavaram M L M L L M M L
38 Nakkapalle M L M M L M M L
39
Payakaraopeta M M M H L M M L
40 Yelamanchili M M M H L M M L
41 S.Rayavaram M M M M L M M L
42
Atchutapuram M L M L L M M L
43 Rambilli M L M L L M M L
Risk Mapping Indicators
Hazard Exposure
Hazard Frequency and Intensity
Coping Capacity
High Moderate Low
40
4.4. Hazard Wise Vulnerabilities:
4.4.1. Population Vulnerable to Cyclones Visakhapatnam is a coastal district in Andhra Pradesh which is frequently subjected to cyclones and
storm surge. As per the Wind and Cyclone Hazard Map of India, Visakhapatnam lies in Moderate Risk
Zone – B (Vb = 39 m/s), Moderate Risk Zone – A (Vb = 44m/s) and Very High Damage Risk Zone – B
(Vb = 50m/s).
The following table lists the blocks that fall in each of cyclone hazard zones, area of each block in
each of the hazard zones and population in these blocks vulnerable to cyclones. 30% area of the
district and 75% of population is vulnerable to “Very High Damage Risk Zone – B (Vb = 50m/s)”.
Zone Vb = 39m/s is Moderate Damage Risk Zone – B
Zone Vb = 44m/s is Moderate Damage Risk Zone – A
Zone Vb = 50m/s is Very High Damage Risk Zone - B
MANDAL Total Area (Sq.
KM)
Zone Vb =
39m/s
Zone Vb = 44m/s
Zone Vb = 50m/s
Zone Vb = 39m/s POP
Zone Vb = 44m/s POP
Zone Vb = 50m/s POP
ANAKAPALLE 168.76 167.15 104,412
ANANDAPURAM 166.18 169.57 52,411
ANANTHAGIRI 790.55 789.71 70,672
ARAKU VALLEY 301.58 302.80 43,735
ATCHUTAPURAM 129.49 129.60 42,780
BHEEMUNIPATNAM
110.81 109.01 105,163
BUTCHAYYAPETA 195.32 61.77 133.23 29,365 33,540
CHEEDIKADA 136.30 130.81 6.06 31,139 435
CHINTAPALLE 627.58 633.46 50,980
CHODAVARAM 144.26 14.53 129.60 3,976 54,388
DEVARAPALLE 142.46 121.12 21.80 29,873 4,931
DUMBRIGUDA 383.16 373.05 73,425
G MADUGULA 777.85 778.81 79,286
GAJUWAKA 65.69 60.56 216,442
GOLUGONDA 237.39 239.82 53,781
GUDEM KOTHA VEEDHI
904.48 39.97 858.75 916 32,477
HUKUMPETA 372.63 374.26 71,408
K KOTAPADU 122.40 118.70 31,497
KASIMKOTA 180.25 180.47 73,487
KOTAURATLA 231.47 237.40 36,099
KOYYURU 1,015.30 1,019.84 57,447
MADUGULA 218.83 211.96 60,007
MAKAVARAPALEM
195.87 7.27 190.16 1,298 43,935
MUNAGAPAKA 88.18 87.21 44,297
MUNCHINGIPUTTU
550.94 496.60 42.39 58,389 4,909
NAKKAPALLE 222.44 219.23 47,157
41
NARSIPATNAM 101.78 70.25 29.07 73,464 8,013
NATHAVARAM 274.29 201.06 67.83 29,459 15,343
PADERU 359.59 359.73 49,241
PADMANABHAM 142.14 142.92 83,064
PARAVADA 124.52 125.97 103,151
PAYAKARAOPETA 118.39 111.43 33,329
PEDABAYALU 491.05 10.90 466.32 1,895 57,228
PEDAGANTYADA 88.24 81.15 68,883
PENDURTHI 117.39 118.70 102,316
RAMBILLI 138.52 136.87 35,519
RAVIKAMATHAM 196.13 155.04 46.03 33,077 8,125
ROLUGUNTA 145.95 136.87 4.84 43,748 975
S RAYAVARAM 160.10 157.46 48,442
SABBAVARAM 145.06 142.92 58,350
VISAKHAPATNAM RURAL
133.45 128.39 189,129
VISAKHAPATNAM URBAN
68.17 65.41 1,353,960
YELAMANCHILI 141.40 140.50 56,749
TOTAL 11,426.33
547.47 7,349.64 3,459.22 61,200 979,995 3,056,322
PERCENTAGE (%)
5% 64% 30% 1% 24% 75%
The above image shows population distribution in cyclone zones for Visakhapatnam district
42
4.4.2. Population vulnerable to Flooding and or waterlogging
The following table lists the block-wise population affected due to either flooding or water
logging in Visakhapatnam district.
Madal Name Sum of Population
ANAKAPALLE 6,203
ANANDAPURAM 6
ANANTHAGIRI 881
ARAKU VALLEY 144
ATCHUTAPURAM 901
BHEEMUNIPATNAM 2,363
BUTCHAYYAPETA 635
CHEEDIKADA 0
CHINTAPALLE 0
CHODAVARAM 48
DEVARAPALLE 1,428
DUMBRIGUDA 0
G MADUGULA 207
GAJUWAKA 15,150
GOLUGONDA 2,353
GUDEM KOTHA VEEDHI 1,002
HUKUMPETA 16
K KOTAPADU 292
KASIMKOTA 120
KOTAURATLA 935
KOYYURU 565
MAKAVARAPALEM 258
MUNAGAPAKA 1,836
MUNCHINGIPUTTU 4,766
NAKKAPALLE 9,257
NARSIPATNAM 9,447
NATHAVARAM 0
PADERU 965
PADMANABHAM 16,764
PARAVADA 27,048
PAYAKARAOPETA 6,459
PEDABAYALU 273
PEDAGANTYADA 5,606
PENDURTHI 823
RAMBILLI 8,055
RAVIKAMATHAM 897
ROLUGUNTA 1,002
S RAYAVARAM 15,068
SABBAVARAM 2,123
VISAKHAPATNAM RURAL 16,481
43
VISAKHAPATNAM URBAN 178,191
YELAMANCHILI 1,059
TOTAL 339,627
The above image shows population distribution in flooded or waterlogged zones for
Visakhapatnam district.
44
4.4.3. Population Vulnerable to Heat wave The district experienced temperatures between 40 to 45 degrees during 24th – 30th May 2015.
During this period, 85% of the total area and 74% of the total population experienced temperatures
between 38 to 43 degrees Celsius.
The following lists the area (in sq. km.) and population in each block of the district that experienced
high temperatures during 24th – 30th of May, 2015.
MANDAL Total Area
32-38 C Area
38-43 C Area
43-49 C Area
32-38 C POP
38-43 C POP
43-49 C POP
ANAKAPALLE 168.76 167.17 104,412
ANANDAPURAM 166.18 39.98 128.41 22,519 29,892
ANANTHAGIRI 790.55 788.63 70,672
ARAKU VALLEY 301.58 301.64 43,735
ATCHUTAPURAM 129.49 129.62 42,780
BHEEMUNIPATNAM 110.81 104.18 4.85 98,216 6,947
BUTCHAYYAPETA 195.32 198.67 62,905
CHEEDIKADA 136.30 135.68 31,574
CHINTAPALLE 627.58 633.57 50,980
CHODAVARAM 144.26 145.37 58,364
DEVARAPALLE 142.46 138.10 34,804
DUMBRIGUDA 383.16 370.69 73,425
G MADUGULA 777.85 776.51 79,286
GAJUWAKA 65.69 65.42 216,442
GOLUGONDA 237.39 212.00 27.86 45,752 8,029
GUDEM KOTHA VEEDHI
904.48 599.65 304.06 20,910 12,483
HUKUMPETA 372.63 375.54 71,408
K KOTAPADU 122.40 121.14 31,497
KASIMKOTA 180.25 178.08 73,487
KOTAURATLA 231.47 237.44 36,099
KOYYURU 1,015.30 193.83 822.55 13,634 43,813
MADUGULA 218.83 212.00 60,007
MAKAVARAPALEM 195.87 196.25 45,233
MUNAGAPAKA 88.18 86.01 44,297
MUNCHINGIPUTTU 550.94 533.02 63,298
NAKKAPALLE 222.44 216.84 3.63 46,855 302
NARSIPATNAM 101.78 99.34 81,477
NATHAVARAM 274.29 109.03 161.12 26,145 18,657
PADERU 359.59 361.00 49,241
PADMANABHAM 142.14 6.06 136.89 1,272 81,792
PARAVADA 124.52 125.99 103,151
PAYAKARAOPETA 118.39 53.30 60.57 13,433 19,896
PEDABAYALU 491.05 480.93 59,123
PEDAGANTYADA 88.24 86.01 69,698
PENDURTHI 117.39 118.72 102,316
45
RAMBILLI 138.52 138.10 35,519
RAVIKAMATHAM 196.13 201.09 41,202
ROLUGUNTA 145.95 140.52 44,723
S RAYAVARAM 160.10 159.91 48,460
SABBAVARAM 145.06 144.16 58,350
VISAKHAPATNAM RURAL
133.45 90.86 39.98 70,268 118,861
VISAKHAPATNAM URBAN
68.17 25.44 39.98 749,851 604,109
YELAMANCHILI 141.40 138.10 56,749
TOTAL 11,426.33
266.51 9,719.13 1,379.79 942,126 3,053,044 103,180
PERCENTAGE (%) 2% 85% 12% 23% 74% 3%
The above image shows population distribution in heat wave zones for Visakhapatnam district.
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4.4.4. Population Vulnerability to Earthquake Seismicity The following lists the area (in sq. km.) and population in each block of the district vulnerable to earthquake ground shaking.
MANDAL Total Area ZONE II Area ZONE III Area ZONE II POP ZONE III POP
ANAKAPALLE 168.76 167.15 104,412
ANANDAPURAM 166.18 169.57 52,411
ANANTHAGIRI 790.55 789.71 70,672
ARAKU VALLEY 301.58 302.80 43,735
ATCHUTAPURAM 129.49 129.60 42,780
BHEEMUNIPATNAM 110.81 109.01 105,163
BUTCHAYYAPETA 195.32 195.01 62,905
CHEEDIKADA 136.30 136.87 31,574
CHINTAPALLE 627.58 633.47 50,980
CHODAVARAM 144.26 144.13 58,364
DEVARAPALLE 142.46 142.92 34,804
DUMBRIGUDA 383.16 373.06 73,425
G MADUGULA 777.85 777.60 79,286
GAJUWAKA 65.69 60.56 216,442
GOLUGONDA 237.39 239.82 53,781
GUDEM KOTHA VEEDHI 904.48 898.72 33,393
HUKUMPETA 372.63 374.27 71,408
K KOTAPADU 122.40 118.70 31,497
KASIMKOTA 180.25 180.47 73,487
KOTAURATLA 231.47 237.40 36,099
KOYYURU 1,015.30 1,019.85 57,447
MADUGULA 218.83 211.96 60,007
MAKAVARAPALEM 195.87 197.43 45,233
MUNAGAPAKA 88.18 87.21 44,297
MUNCHINGIPUTTU 550.94 538.99 63,298
NAKKAPALLE 222.44 185.32 33.91 40,166 6,991
NARSIPATNAM 101.78 99.32 81,477
NATHAVARAM 274.29 268.89 44,802
PADERU 359.59 360.94 49,241
PADMANABHAM 142.14 142.92 83,064
PARAVADA 124.52 125.97 103,151
PAYAKARAOPETA 118.39 2.42 109.01 1,073 32,256
PEDABAYALU 491.05 477.22 59,123
PEDAGANTYADA 88.24 78.73 66,977
PENDURTHI 117.39 118.70 102,316
RAMBILLI 138.52 136.87 35,519
RAVIKAMATHAM 196.13 201.06 41,202
ROLUGUNTA 145.95 141.71 44,723
S RAYAVARAM 160.10 157.46 48,460
SABBAVARAM 145.06 142.92 58,350
47
VISAKHAPATNAM RURAL 133.45 128.39 189,129
VISAKHAPATNAM URBAN 68.17 65.41 1,353,960
YELAMANCHILI 141.40 140.50 56,749
TOTAL 11,426.33 11,211.04 142.92 4,056,382 39,247
PERCENTAGE (%) 99% 1% 99% 1%
The above image shows population distribution in earthquake seismic zones for Visakhapatnam district.
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4.4.5. Population Vulnerability to Drought
In recent years, drought and other natural calamities have adversely the state of Andhra
Pradesh. As per the “Memorandum on Draught in AP 2014”, out of 43 blocks of the district,
10 blocks experienced no drought and 29 blocks experienced mild drought and 4 blocks
experienced moderate draught.
The following table provides block-wise draught index for Visakhapatnam as Memorandum
on Draught in AP 2014”.
Mandal Drought Index
MUNCHINGIPUTTU No Drought
PEDABAYALU No Drought
HUKUMPETAU No Drought
DUMBRIGUDA Milddrought
ARAKU VALLEY Milddrought
ANANTHAGIRI Milddrought
DEVARAPALLE Milddrought
CHEEDIKADA Milddrought
MADUGULA Moderate Drought
PADERU No Drought
GANGARAJU MADUGULA No Drought
CHINTAPALLE Milddrought
GUDEM KOTHAVEEDHI No Drought
KOYYURU Milddrought
GOLUGONDA No Drought
NATHAVARAM No Drought
NARSIPATNAM Milddrought
ROLUGUNTA No Drought
RAVIKAMATHAM Milddrought
BUTCHAYYAPETA Milddrought
CHODAVARAM Milddrought
K KOTAPADU Milddrought
SABBAVARAM Milddrought
PENDURTHI Milddrought
ANANDAPURAM Milddrought
PADMANABHAM Milddrought
BHEEMUNIPATNAM Milddrought
VISAKHAPATNAM(U) No Drought
VISAKHAPATNAM Milddrought
GAJUWAKA Milddrought
PEDAGANTYADA Moderate Drought
PARAVADA Moderate Drought
ANAKAPALLE Milddrought
MUNAGAPAKA Milddrought
KASIMKOTA Milddrought
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MAKAVARAPALEM Milddrought
KOTAURATLA Milddrought
PAYAKARAOPETA Milddrought
NAKKAPALLE Milddrought
S RAYAVARAM Moderate Drought
YELAMANCHILI Milddrought
RAMBILLI Milddrought
ATCHUTAPURAM Milddrought
The above image shows blocks with Drought Index within Visakhapatnam district. The majority of blocks in district fall in Mild Drought Zones and a few blocks in No Drought Zones.