DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF VIRTUAL HOUSING OF VIRTUAL HOUSING

COLONYCOLONY

GROUP MEMBERSGROUP MEMBERS

Hamid Raza 2008-EE-40Hamid Raza 2008-EE-40

M Asim Noon 2008-EE-24M Asim Noon 2008-EE-24

Zain-Ul-abdin 2008-EE-48Zain-Ul-abdin 2008-EE-48

PRESENTED TOPRESENTED TO

ENGR. TOUHEED-UR-REHMANENGR. TOUHEED-UR-REHMAN

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF VIRTUAL HOUSING COLONYVIRTUAL HOUSING COLONY

►Power distribution system of a housing Power distribution system of a housing colony is that part of electric power colony is that part of electric power system which is dedicated to system which is dedicated to delivering electric energy to the end delivering electric energy to the end users of a housing colony. users of a housing colony.

►Now a days housing colonies are very Now a days housing colonies are very common for purchasing a house. In this common for purchasing a house. In this process buyer has to pay a fixed cost to process buyer has to pay a fixed cost to the developer and in return developer the developer and in return developer provide a house. It is the responsibility provide a house. It is the responsibility of the developer to provide water, of the developer to provide water, natural gas and electric power supplies natural gas and electric power supplies to the house owners. The developer has to the house owners. The developer has to pay the cost of constructing these to pay the cost of constructing these systems in the colony. systems in the colony.

►The development of this distribution The development of this distribution system is done according to the rules system is done according to the rules defined by water and power defined by water and power development authority (WAPDA) development authority (WAPDA) Pakistan in 1993-94.Pakistan in 1993-94.

ROLE OF CONSULTANTROLE OF CONSULTANT

►As the developer is not able to design As the developer is not able to design distribution system and implement distribution system and implement laws provided by WAPDA so he has to laws provided by WAPDA so he has to hire a consultant for this purpose. A hire a consultant for this purpose. A consultant is an electrical engineer or consultant is an electrical engineer or may be associate electrical engineer may be associate electrical engineer recognized by Pakistan engineering recognized by Pakistan engineering council (PEC).council (PEC).

►PEC recognization describes that the PEC recognization describes that the consultant knows all the things about consultant knows all the things about distribution system. So it is the indirect distribution system. So it is the indirect way of knowing that the consultant way of knowing that the consultant knows all the things regarding knows all the things regarding distribution system of electricity.distribution system of electricity.

The consultant receives the following things by the developers.The consultant receives the following things by the developers.► MDA/TMA approved planMDA/TMA approved plan . . It means the design of the specified housing It means the design of the specified housing

colony which is approved by Multan Developmental authority colony which is approved by Multan Developmental authority MDA /TMA.MDA /TMA.

► Property owner proof.Property owner proof. It means that the documents that shows that It means that the documents that shows that

the developer is the owner of the part of land on which he is the developer is the owner of the part of land on which he is constructing the housing colony.constructing the housing colony.

► An authority letter to the consultantAn authority letter to the consultant.. It specifies that the consultant is chosen to It specifies that the consultant is chosen to

work by the developer and the developer has to pay for that.work by the developer and the developer has to pay for that.

► Diagram 1:- Distribution system of a virtual housing colonyDiagram 1:- Distribution system of a virtual housing colony ► In this diagram the map shown is plan approved by MDA/TMAIn this diagram the map shown is plan approved by MDA/TMA

LOAD CALCULATIONLOAD CALCULATION

►From here now starts the work of From here now starts the work of consultant which is the designing of consultant which is the designing of the distribution system of housing the distribution system of housing colony. For this purpose he has to colony. For this purpose he has to design the load in kilowatts of the design the load in kilowatts of the housing colony according to the plan housing colony according to the plan or map provided by the developer.or map provided by the developer.

► In designing the distribution system the In designing the distribution system the consultant have to consider the existing consultant have to consider the existing electric system of distribution. For example electric system of distribution. For example if the power supply line is not present near if the power supply line is not present near the location of the colony then he has to the location of the colony then he has to consider the cost and design of electric line consider the cost and design of electric line from any nearest point to that location. Or it from any nearest point to that location. Or it may possible that the line is passing through may possible that the line is passing through the housing colony in un desired manner so the housing colony in un desired manner so he has to change its way into desired path.he has to change its way into desired path.

Table 1:-) load of different appliancesTable 1:-) load of different appliances

  Appliance Watts  Air Conditioner  

  Room* 1000

  Central* 2000 – 5000

  Blender 300

  Ceiling Fan 10 – 50

  Computer  

  Laptop 20 – 75

  Desktop PC 80 – 200

  Printer 100

  Iron 1000

  Microwave 600 – 1500

  Sewing Machine 100

  Table Fan 10 – 25

  Toaster 800 – 1500

  Washing Machine 500

TV (25" color) – 150

Table 2:- Load calculation of 5 Marla house is given below Table 2:- Load calculation of 5 Marla house is given below

AppliancesAppliances No of AppliancesNo of Appliances Loads ( watt)Loads ( watt)

ComputerComputer 11 120120

TelevisionTelevision 11 7070

energy saverenergy saver 99 180180

Ceiling FanCeiling Fan 44 320320

Exhaust fanExhaust fan 22 5050

Tube lightTube light 22 8080

Water pumpWater pump 11 750750

RefrigeratorRefrigerator 11 475475

Some of the commen appliances normally used in a house are given Some of the commen appliances normally used in a house are given belowbelow

Fan Microwave oven

Personal computer Exhaust fan

Water pump Refrigerator

Television Iron

►For load calculation WAPDA has For load calculation WAPDA has defined the load of houses of different defined the load of houses of different sizes. The assigned load is different for sizes. The assigned load is different for rural and urban areas. In urban areas rural and urban areas. In urban areas load is greater as compared to in rural load is greater as compared to in rural areas. These assigned loads are given areas. These assigned loads are given below in the tables.below in the tables.

Table.3 in urban areas load of a house according to its sizeTable.3 in urban areas load of a house according to its size

Size (Marla)Size (Marla) load (kw)load (kw)

55 22

77 3.23.2

1010 55

1515 77

2020 99

Table.4 in rural areas load of a house according to its sizeTable.4 in rural areas load of a house according to its size

size (Marla) load (KW)

5 1.6

7 1.68

10 2

15 3.2

20 4

LOAD CALCULATION OF A LOAD CALCULATION OF A COLNYCOLNY

►The consultants calculate the number of The consultants calculate the number of houses in a housing colony. Assigns the houses in a housing colony. Assigns the loads to there house according to the loads to there house according to the table and then adds them all. This table and then adds them all. This assigned load is calculated by adding assigned load is calculated by adding average amount of power consumed by average amount of power consumed by electric appliances used in a house. In electric appliances used in a house. In this way average amount of load per this way average amount of load per house is calculated. The load of different house is calculated. The load of different appliances are given previously.appliances are given previously.

► In this load we have to add the load of In this load we have to add the load of street lights. It can be 125 watts per street lights. It can be 125 watts per pole. We also have to consider the pole. We also have to consider the losses produced by the internal wiring losses produced by the internal wiring of the house. In this way the load of a of the house. In this way the load of a housing colony is determined in housing colony is determined in kilowatts which will be there sum. This kilowatts which will be there sum. This is called total connected load. is called total connected load.

► According to this Diagram load calculation is given below.According to this Diagram load calculation is given below.

Table 4:- load calculationTable 4:- load calculation

MarlaMarla Load per houseLoad per house No of housesNo of houses Load (kw)Load (kw)

55 22 6666 132132

66 2.72.7 44 10.810.8

77 3.23.2 22 6.46.4

7.57.5 3.43.4 22 6.86.8

88 3.63.6 33 10.810.8

8.58.5 3.883.88 88 30.430.4

99 4.14.1 22 8.28.2

1010 55 88 4040

10.510.5 4.84.8 11 4.84.8

11.511.5 5.25.2 11 5.25.2

TotalTotal 9797 255.4255.4

ULTIMATE LOADULTIMATE LOAD

►As we know that all the appliances are As we know that all the appliances are not used simultaneously in whole day. not used simultaneously in whole day. So we take average amount of load So we take average amount of load being used. For this purpose we take being used. For this purpose we take 70% of total connected load. This is 70% of total connected load. This is called ultimate load. From ultimate called ultimate load. From ultimate load we can calculate KVA by dividing load we can calculate KVA by dividing it with power factor.it with power factor.

DIVERSITY FACTORDIVERSITY FACTOR

► It is the ratio of the sum of the It is the ratio of the sum of the individual non-coincident maximum individual non-coincident maximum demands of various subdivisions of the demands of various subdivisions of the system to the maximum demand of system to the maximum demand of the complete system. a 70% diversity the complete system. a 70% diversity means that the device in question means that the device in question operates at its nominal or maximum operates at its nominal or maximum load level 70% of the time that it is load level 70% of the time that it is connected and turned on connected and turned on

►The total load of housing colony is The total load of housing colony is 255.4 kw. So by considering the 255.4 kw. So by considering the diversity factor the ultimate load will diversity factor the ultimate load will be 178.78 kw.be 178.78 kw.

SELECTION OF SELECTION OF COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS

►According to this ultimate load the According to this ultimate load the consultant decides which type and size consultant decides which type and size of conductors should be used , how of conductors should be used , how many transformers should be there many transformers should be there and of what rating and so many other and of what rating and so many other things things

► If the amount load is less as a result If the amount load is less as a result the amount of current will be less the amount of current will be less ampere so we use Ant conductor ampere so we use Ant conductor which is for less ampere rating and which is for less ampere rating and also a cheap conductor. Otherwise we also a cheap conductor. Otherwise we can also use wasp conductor which is can also use wasp conductor which is used for high ampere rating but also used for high ampere rating but also costly. costly.

►You can also use all aluminum alloy You can also use all aluminum alloy conductor.conductor.

ANT, All Aluminum ANT, All Aluminum ConductorsConductors

►This conductor is also known as This conductor is also known as aluminum stranded conductor. This aluminum stranded conductor. This conductor is manufactured from conductor is manufactured from electrolytically refined aluminum, having electrolytically refined aluminum, having purity of minimum 99.5% of aluminum. purity of minimum 99.5% of aluminum. This conductor is used mainly in urban This conductor is used mainly in urban areas and the spacing is short and the areas and the spacing is short and the supports are close. All aluminum supports are close. All aluminum conductors are made up of one or more conductors are made up of one or more strands of aluminum wire depending on strands of aluminum wire depending on the end usage. the end usage.

ANTANTLT ConductorsLT Conductors SizeSize Current CapacityCurrent Capacity

(amp)(amp)

AntAnt 7/.1227/.122 135-200135-200

WASPWASPLT ConductorsLT Conductors SizeSize Current CapacityCurrent Capacity

(amp)(amp)

WaspWasp 7/.1737/.173 230-315230-315

BILL OF QUANTITIESBILL OF QUANTITIES

►Now the consultant have to create bill of Now the consultant have to create bill of quantities (BOQ). It is the list of all quantities (BOQ). It is the list of all equipments which are to be used in the equipments which are to be used in the construction of distribution system of the construction of distribution system of the colony. It includes the amount of colony. It includes the amount of conductor , number of high tension and conductor , number of high tension and low tension poles number of low tension poles number of transformers and all other miscellaneous transformers and all other miscellaneous components which are to be used components which are to be used

According to this diagram bill of quantities is given belowAccording to this diagram bill of quantities is given below

Table 5:- Bill of quantitiesTable 5:- Bill of quantities

S.No.S.No. MaterialMaterial QtyQty Unit Unit

1.1. LT PoleLT Pole 1313 No'sNo's

2.2. HT Pole HT Pole 22 No'sNo's

3.3. -X-Arms-X-Arms 22 No'sNo's

4.4. 11KV Pin Insulator11KV Pin Insulator 66 No'sNo's

5.5. Disc InsulatorDisc Insulator 2828 No'sNo's

6.6. Anchor ShackleAnchor Shackle 5252 No'sNo's

7.7. D-Fuse FittingD-Fuse Fitting 33 No'sNo's

8.8. HT CABLE HT CABLE 32853285 metersmeters

9.9. LT CABLE LT CABLE 77207720 metersmeters

Some of common components to be installed in a distribution are Some of common components to be installed in a distribution are given belowgiven below

Pole

Stay wire stay clips

Stud stay Transformer

ESTIMATION OF COSTESTIMATION OF COST

►Now consultant calculates the cost of Now consultant calculates the cost of this project. It is done by adding this project. It is done by adding individual costs of all the components individual costs of all the components used. Price of some components is used. Price of some components is given in following tablegiven in following table

TABLE 4:-) The cost of different components is given belowTABLE 4:-) The cost of different components is given below

S.No. Material Qty Rate( Rs )

Amount ( Rs )

1. LT Pole 13 10000 130000

2. HT Pole 2 14000 280000

3. Steel-X-Arms 2 2800 5600

4. 11KV Pin Insulator 6 132 792

5. Disc Insulator 28 600 16800

6. Anchor Shackle 52 54 2808

7. D-Fuse Fitting 3 2500 7500

8. HT CABLE (WASP) 1001.268m

50 50063.4

9. LT CABLE (ANT) 2353.056m

26 61179.456

10. Transformer200 KVA 1 520000 520000

Total Cost of Materials used 1074743

GRID SHARE CHARGESGRID SHARE CHARGES

►As load of a colony is share on the As load of a colony is share on the nearest grid station so the developer nearest grid station so the developer has to pay grid share charges. Actually has to pay grid share charges. Actually the grid share charges are 5500 rupees the grid share charges are 5500 rupees per KW of the ultimate load . Its 50% per KW of the ultimate load . Its 50% amount is paid by WAPDA and from amount is paid by WAPDA and from remaining 50% half is paid by the remaining 50% half is paid by the developer and half by the end user. developer and half by the end user. Normally end user is not directly paying Normally end user is not directly paying them and developer pay this amount.them and developer pay this amount.

►According to the diagram 1, the According to the diagram 1, the ultimate load was 178.78 kw. So total ultimate load was 178.78 kw. So total “Grid Share Charges” are 983290 “Grid Share Charges” are 983290 rupees. Thus WAPDA will pay 491645 rupees. Thus WAPDA will pay 491645 rupees and same will be paid by rupees and same will be paid by developer developer

DESIGNING OF THE DESIGNING OF THE SYSTEMSYSTEM

► Next step is to design the power distribution Next step is to design the power distribution system of the housing colony. There are system of the housing colony. There are many software for designing it. ECAD is very many software for designing it. ECAD is very popular in this field. The design of the popular in this field. The design of the system is according to the map or plan system is according to the map or plan provided by the developer. It can be closed provided by the developer. It can be closed loop system, open loop system , double loop system, open loop system , double supply system or may be radial system. By supply system or may be radial system. By analyzing the construction of the colony any analyzing the construction of the colony any suitable distribution scheme can be used.suitable distribution scheme can be used.

APPROVAL OF THE APPROVAL OF THE DESIGNDESIGN

►The design made by the consultant is The design made by the consultant is given to WAPDA for approval. It checks given to WAPDA for approval. It checks that if the design is according to the that if the design is according to the rules and regulations provided by rules and regulations provided by WAPDA. So they can also reject the WAPDA. So they can also reject the design if it feels any problem with the design if it feels any problem with the design.design.

DEMAND NOTICEDEMAND NOTICE

►After approval of the design WAPDA After approval of the design WAPDA issues a demand notice to the issues a demand notice to the developer. The developer has to pay developer. The developer has to pay this amount for the construction of this amount for the construction of power distribution system in the power distribution system in the colony. It includes the following things.colony. It includes the following things.

►1. Design weighting charges :-)1. Design weighting charges :-)

These charges are 0.5% of These charges are 0.5% of cost of the material used in the cost of the material used in the construction. This is actually the fee construction. This is actually the fee paid to the WAPDA for approval of the paid to the WAPDA for approval of the design.design.

►2. Total cost of material :-)2. Total cost of material :-)

it is the sum of cost of all it is the sum of cost of all the material to be used in construction the material to be used in construction of system of system

►3. Grid share charges :-)3. Grid share charges :-)

These are the charges These are the charges paid for sharing the grid station with paid for sharing the grid station with the load of the colony.the load of the colony.

►As total cost of material is 1074743 Rs. As total cost of material is 1074743 Rs. ►Design weighting charges are 5373 Rs.Design weighting charges are 5373 Rs.►Grid share charges paid by Developer Grid share charges paid by Developer

are 491645 Rs.are 491645 Rs.

So So

Total cost estimation for Power Total cost estimation for Power Distribution of housing colony will be Distribution of housing colony will be 1571761 Rs.1571761 Rs.

EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

►OVERHEAD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMOVERHEAD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Buch executive villasBuch executive villas

By Captain DevelopersBy Captain Developers

Bosan Road near Baha ud din zakariya Bosan Road near Baha ud din zakariya university Multan.university Multan.

►UNDER GROUND DISTRIBUTION UNDER GROUND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSYSTEM

Pearl CityPearl City

By Hashoo groupBy Hashoo group

Near askariya by pass Multan.Near askariya by pass Multan.

Low Tension Low Tension Lines Lines

High Tension High Tension LinesLines

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

►After the payment of the demand After the payment of the demand notice WAPDA starts construction in notice WAPDA starts construction in that location according to the plan that location according to the plan provided by the consultant. All this provided by the consultant. All this work is done in the supervision of an work is done in the supervision of an Electrical Engineer to insure that the Electrical Engineer to insure that the work is according to the plan.work is according to the plan.

EXECUTIONEXECUTION

►At the end the newly developed power At the end the newly developed power distribution system is connected with distribution system is connected with the power supply . the power supply .

SPECIAL THANKS TOSPECIAL THANKS TO

►ENGR. TOUHEED-UR REHMANENGR. TOUHEED-UR REHMAN

►ENGR. MIAN YOUSAF IQBALENGR. MIAN YOUSAF IQBAL

(MEPCO)(MEPCO)►MUHAMMAD SHAHIDMUHAMMAD SHAHID

(ALKHURABA (ALKHURABA CONSULTANTS NAWAN SHEHAR CONSULTANTS NAWAN SHEHAR MULTAN)MULTAN)

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

PROUD TO BE WHAT YOU PROUD TO BE WHAT YOU ARE !ARE !

ALLAH HAFIZALLAH HAFIZ