disorders of cell growth cancer. oncology study of cancer 25% of americans develop cancer at some...
TRANSCRIPT
Nature of cancer cells
• Normal cells that have a permanent CHANGE in them
• Cancer cells perpetuate themselves
• Lose normal growth regulation
Cancer Cells
• Lack of contact inhibition. Cancer cells lack this and continue growing even if they have contact with neighboring cells
• Tumor – Growth e.g. adenoma
• Neoplasia – “new” growth
Cancer cells
• Invade and infiltrate normal cells
• Lack of differentiation– Abnormal size & shape– Abnormal nucleus
Cancer cells
• Loss of normal functions
• Divert more blood vessels for themselves for more nutrients
Malignancy
• Detachment and spreading
• Metastasis – cancer cells can detach and spread. Typically they spread via the bloodstream or via lymph vessels
Cancer cells
• Benign = “innocent” These tumors do not metastasize
• Malignant = Cancer. These do metastasize
Causes of Cancer
• Predisposing factors increase the likelihood of developing cancer
• Increase in cell number
• Disordered cell proliferation
• Chronic irritation resulting in changed cells
• Stressors suppressing the immune system
• Hereditary predisposition
Carcinogens
• Agents that initiate or promote abnormal cells and their growth
• 85% of all carcinogens are environmental
Immune System
• Our immune system is constantly spotting abnormal cells
• Our immune system can recognize more than 10 million different cancer antigens
Danger Signals of Cancer
• Bleeding, discharge
• Lumps, thickening
• Non-healing sores
• Bowel or urinary changes
• Hoarseness or cough
• Mole or wart change
• Difficulty swallowing/ indigestion
Avoidance
• 75% cancer deaths are related to lifestyle
• Avoid direct sunlight
• Low fat diet
• Quit smoking
• Increase roughage in diet
• Fresh fruits & vegetables
• Early detection