diseases infectious diseases=organisms that enter, live in and multiply within the body...
TRANSCRIPT
Diseases
• Infectious diseases=organisms that enter, live in and multiply within the body
• Pathogens=organisms that cause disease
*If they enter your body and multiply they
create an infection and you develop a disease
Pathogens• Bacteria=simple, single celled organisms that
live almost anywhere (air, surfaces, food)
Under a microscope, they look like balls or rods. They are so small that a line of 1,000 could fit across a
pencil eraser. Most bacteria won't hurt you less than 1 percent makes people sick. Many are helpful. Some
bacteria help to digest food and destroy disease-causing cells. Bacteria are also used in making
healthy foods like yogurt and cheese.
Bacterial diseases=Strep Throat, Food poisoning, and meningitis
Viruses
• The smallest pathogens, can multiply only by entering a living cell and taking over the cells reproductive mechanisms, resulting in cell death.
Viral diseases have no cure so the body must fight off the infection
Viral infections=common cold, HIV, AIDS
Protozoan• Single-celled organisms that have the ability to
move through fluids in search of food.
Protozoan diseases=Toxoplasmosis, malaria,
amoebic dysentery
Fungi• Simple organisms related to molds that live in
dark warm moist areas.
Fungal Infections=athletes foot, ringworm
yeast infection
Cured with antifungal creams or sprays
Body Defenses Against Diseases
Your body protects itself from infection in 3 ways.
• Physical & Chemical defenses
• Inflammation
• Immune System
Physical & Chemical Defenses• Skin=1st line of defense
• Sweat=contains acids that kill bacteria• Mouth, eyes, nose=contains mucous membranes• Cilia=tiny hair like structures that line air passages
• Stomach acids=acid kills bacteria
• Digestive Tract=flushes away bacteria
• Urine=kills pathogens with acid
InflammationBody’s response to all cuts and
internal damagePhagocytes=W.B.C. eat up foreign cells and kill
unwanted pathogens, gives off a clear liquid or pus
Immune systemMost sophisticated line of defense
Can seek out and destroy pathogens
“B” Cells “T” Cells
Generals Soldiers
Spread of Infectious Disease• Direct Contact=touching, hugging, kissing, sex• Indirect Contact=sneezing, coughing, contact
with infected person’s blood• Contact w/objects=doorknobs, eating & drinking utensils contaminated food & drink• Contact w/animals=bites, tick, mosquito, animal• Contact w/Enviro. Sources=tetanus, salmonella
botulism
Infectious DiseasesCommon Cold
• No Cure,
• spread by touching contaminated objects
• coughing and sneezing
• Lasts 3-7 days
• VIRUS
Influenza
• No Cure,
• Spreads like the common cold
• Airborne droplets and contaminated objects
• Fever, sore throat, body aches, cough
• Vaccine available Every Year
• VIRUS
Rubella• Known as Germen Measles
• Fever, rash, coughing, sneezing,
• sore throat, swollen glands
• Vaccine
• VIRUS
Hepatitis• Inflammation of the Liver• Fever, nausea, pain in abdomen, • jaundice, brown urine,
• Symptoms appear 3-6 weeks after exposure
Hep. A=contaminated food & waterHep. B=contaminated blood & body fluids
VACCINE is availableHep. C=contaminated blood & body fluids
Most Dangerous
Tuberculosis• Highly contagious infection that infects the
lungs.
• Transmitted by coughing or sneezing.
• Fatigue, weight loss fever, chronic cough.
• Treatment=medications up to a year
• BACTERIA