Diseases Transmitted by Flies

Submitted to: sir Shoaib sahbSubmitted By:14-arid-2022

PMAS

Introduction to Flies

What is Fly?1-

True flies are insects of

the order Diptera

2-The name being derived

from the Greek di = two,

and ptera = wings

3-Insects of this order use only a

single pair of wings to fly, the

hind wings being reduced

to club-like balancing

organs known as halteres.

Differences Between Flies and Fleas

Fleas and flies both are in the phylum Anthropoida, class Insecta.

fleas and flies are distinctly different creatures with varied traits and habits

Fleas

Wingless insects

Order Siphonaptera

Hard and flattened body

Sucking mouthpart

Brownish in color, Though flightless but three sets of legs used to jump

Jump distance as long as 16 inch horizontally

Cont..

Flies

Winged insects

Order Diptera which means "two wings."

There are 16,000 varieties of flies in North America alone.

Colors and sizes ranging from 0.06 to three inches in length.

All are distinguished by a pair of functional forewings and a reduced,

second pair of hind wings called halteres.

The halteres are leg-like in appearance, used for stabilization, equilibrium

or airspeed detection

How Flies Transmit Diseases

Flies transmit diseases in two ways:

First one through feces; Feces contaminate the food in this way

pathogen enter in the body through feed

2nd one through bite. Bite break skin

Pathogen transfer to blood

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

Sleeping SicknessVector: Tsetse fly( BIOLOGICAL VECTOR)Causative agent: Trypanosoa bruciHost : Wild animals and mammal Symptoms : Fever, joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, sleep disturbances

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• Leishmaniasis • Vector : Sand Fly( BIOLOGICAL VECTOR)• Causative agent : leishmenia• Symptoms : Fever, damage to

the spleen and liver and anemia

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• River Blindness(Onchocerciasis)• Vector : Black Fly (BIOLOGICAL VECTOR)• Host : Humans• Causative agent : Filaria (Onchocerca volvulus)• Symptoms: "leopard" skin and "lizard" skin

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• Tularemia• Vector : Deer fly• Host : Rabbits, rodents and hares• Causative agent : Francisella tularensis bacteria• Symptoms : Joint stiffness, fever, sweating when rub eyes after contact

with an infected animal and may cause infection symptoms of:• eye pain• eye redness• eye swelling• conjunctivitis• eye discharge• ulcer inside eyelid

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• African Horse Sickness• Vector : Culicoid midge• Host : Equids• Causative agent : Orbivirus• Symptoms : Fever, lung, heart or mucous

membrane symptoms

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• Bluetongue• Vector : Culicoid midge• Host : Cattle , Sheep• Causative agent : orbi virus• Symptoms: Fever, salivation, swelling of face

and tongue

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• Bovine Ephemeral disease(3 days sickness)• Vector : culicoids species(c.kingi,nivosus)• Causative agent : Ephemerovirus• Host : Buffaloes and Cattle• Symptoms:fever, stiffness, lameness and nasal

and ocular discharges,hypocalcaemia

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flie s

• Sand fly fever• Vector :sandfly• Causative agent : Genus leishmenia• Host :Humans and sand flies• Symptoms : Fever, Headache ,chills , flue like

symptoms, joint pains, muscle pain, flushing, blood shoot eye

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

Loiasis DiseaseVector: Deer fly also known as Mango fliesCausative agent: parasitic worm Loa loaHost: HumansSymptoms: swellings more common near the Joints,Eye worm, Muscle pain,Itching,Joint paint and fatigue

Different Diseases Transmitted By Flies

• Anthranx Disease• Vector : House flies• Causative agent : Bacillus anthracis• Host : Livestock and Humans• Symptoms : The skin form presents with a small blister

with surrounding swelling that often turns into a painless ulcer with a black center. The inhalation form presents with fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath. The intestinal form presents with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain.

Some Other Diseases By Flies

Flies can also carry infectious diseases by transporting infection causing

agents, i.e. bacteria, on their feet or in their mouth after they feed on

something that’s infected

Flies are believed to be responsible for spreading diseases such as:

cholera

typhoid

trachoma

salmonellosis

strep infection

staph infection

Some Other Diseases By Flies Cutaneous myiasis is an infection that is caused by skin infestation of fly

larvae It’s spread to our skin by some type of blood sucking insect And it doesn’t have be a fly making the deposit In addition, a fly’s saliva can trigger an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis