discussion and status of the solid waste management & recycling strategies included in the ab 32...
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Discussion and Status of theSolid Waste Management &
Recycling Strategiesincluded in the
AB 32 Draft Scoping Planto Reduce California Greenhouse
Gases
California Integrated Waste Management BoardAugust Board Meeting
August 19, 2008
Assembly Bill 32AB 32:
Sets the 2020 GHG limit at 1990 levelAssigns ARB to monitor/regulate GHG sourcesAppoints ARB as the lead with extensive collaboration
with other agenciesAB 32 requires CARB to:
Establish a 2020 GHG emissions target 427 MMTCO2e
Adopt mandatory reporting rules by January 1, 2009.Adopt a plan to achieve GHG reductions via regulations,
market mechanisms and other actions by January 1, 2009. Draft Scoping Plan released on 6/26/08
Adopt regulations to implement plan by January 1, 2011.2
AB 32 Timeline
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2020200
7
200
8
200
9
201
0
201
1
201
2GHG reduction measures operative
GHG reduction measures adopted
Publish list of early actions
Publish scoping plan
Mandatory reporting & 1990 Baseline
Adopt enforceable early action regulations
Reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels
Identification/ implementation of further emission reduction strategies
Adopt Scoping Plan11/08
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2002-2004 GHG Emissions - (469 MMTCO2E)
Climate Change Draft Scoping Plan: A Framework for ChangeCalifornia Air Resources Board
Net Changes in GHG emissions when changing from Landfilling to Recycling or Composting (MTCO2E/Ton)
Solid Waste Management and Greenhouse Gases: A life Cycle Assessment of Emissions and Sinks
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Magnitude of the ChallengeMagnitude of the ChallengeARB Emissions Inventory
0
100
200
300
400
500
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700
1990 2000 2004 2020 2050
Year
Mil
lio
n M
etri
c T
on
s(C
O2
Eq
uiv
alen
t) 1990 Emission Baseline
~169 MMT CO2e Reduction
80% Reduction ~341 MMT CO2e
Climate Change Draft Scoping Plan: A Framework for ChangeCalifornia Air Resources Board
Scoping Plan
Describes how California will reduce GHG emission levels to 1990 levels by 2020Address every sector of the economy
Provides a vision for a low carbon future - 2020 and 2050
Maximize benefits to CaliforniaCriteria and toxic air pollutants reductionsEconomic development (greentech)
Must assess economic, environmental, public health and societal impacts in Plan
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Scoping Plan (2) Preliminary recommendations – Car standards, low carbon fuel standard, land use,
energy efficiency, renewable portfolio standardMix of:
Direct regulationsRegional Cap and trade program linked to WCICarbon fees
Expect positive overall impact on co-pollutantsEfficiency and reduced fuel use
Targeted fees to fund implementation
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Recycling & Waste Management Strategies in Scoping Plan
Landfill Methane Control (Discrete Early Action) – 1 MMTCO2e
Increasing Efficiency of Landfill Methane Capture - TBDLiquified Natural Gas from Landfill Gas – 1 MMTCO2eCommercial Recycling – up to 6.5 MMTCO2eIncrease Production & Markets for Compost – 3.1
MMTCO2eAnaerobic Digestion – 2.2. MMTCO2eExtended Producer Responsibility & Environmentally
Preferable Purchasing – TBDWatershed-Friendly Landscape Guidelines - TBD
Landfill Methane CaptureMethane 21 times the GWP of CO2Early Action Item must be in place by 1/1/2010Reduce methane emissions from landfills by
requiring gas collection and control systems on landfills where these systems are not currently required
Establish statewide performance standards to maximize methane capture efficiencies
ARB & CIWMB staff will explore opportunities to increase energy recovery from landfill methane gas
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Landfill Methane Capture (2)
Expect annual reduction of ~1 MMTCO2e22-page draft regulatory language posted on
web siteOctober 2008 Staff Report available for 45-
day commentsNov. 2008 to ARB Board for adoptionFall 2009 in effecthttp://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm – Early
Action Items – Landfill Methane Capture http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/landfills/landfills.htm Renaldo Crooks [email protected] 916
327-5618 12
Other Landfill Strategies
Liquified Natural Gas from Landfill Gas CIWMB grant funded project at one landfillDemonstration of commercial scale technologiesProject completion – June 2009
Increasing Efficiency of Landfill Methane Capture Use recent CIWMB BMP guidance document as an
outreach toolIncrease efficiency beyond new landfill control
measure
Commercial Recycling60% of landfill waste is from commercial sectorFocuses on recovery of traditional recyclables
Paper, cardboard, plastics, lumber, metals, glassInstitute for Local Governments (ILG) CA Climate
Action Network (CCAN):CIMWB funded project - $200KConduct inventories, develop action plans,
implement policies, document case study, develop model ordinance
Voluntary implementation approach
Commercial Recycling – Key IssuesBoundary concerns
Where does the GHG reduction occur? Is point of re-manufacturing outside of CA? How much re-manufacturing occurs in California?
Potential double-counting of emission reductions“Leakage” issues – reduction of GHG emissions in
CA that result in an increase in GHG emissions outside of CA
Need CA market surveyImplementation mechanism
Voluntary versus regulatoryIf mandated, no carbon offsets for jurisdictions,
manufacturers, haulers, etc.
Increase Compost Production & Markets
SD 6.1 – 50% diversion of organics from landfills by 2020
LCA of organics management optionsBeneficial offsets of organics diversionEconomics analysis & GHG decision-making tool
Key issue has been lack of dedicated funding and reliance on fluctuating discretionary funds
AB 2866 fee increase, if enacted, would greatly enhance CIWMB’s ability to promote organics diversion
Increase Compost Production & Markets (2)
Organics RoadmapBMPs surveyBMP demonstration projectCaltrans/Local government workshopsCompost specifications for agricultureSiting & capacity workshopsCross media issuesOrganics Research ClearinghouseRoadmap #2 is underdevelopment
Anaerobic Digestion
Encourage the deployment of anaerobic digester projects
Produces renewable energy from biomassDisplaces fuel or energy derived from fossil
fuelsDeals with high methane-producing waste
types such as food waste, green waste, & other organics
UC Davis Anaerobic Digester Project - $120K
Extended Producer Responsibility & Environmentally Preferable Purchasing
EPR – Shared responsibility that reduces the life cycle environmental impacts of a productProduct design, supply chain, production, use, end-
of-lifeEPP – Environmentally preferable product choices
Opportunity for State to lead by examplesPurchasing choices that reduce the quantity &
toxicity of wastePurchasing recycled, repairable, durable goods
EPR & EPP – measures are undergoing further development and evaluation due to the potential for significant reductions in GHG emissions
Watershed Friendly Landscape
DWR - update State Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance
Landscape Task Force Report – January 1, 2009Landscape locallyLandscape for less to the landfillNurture the soilConserve waterConserve energyProtect water & air qualityCreate & protect wildlife habitat
Additional Strategies in Scoping Plan that Involve CIWMB
Glass manufacturingHigh GWP foams & insulationGreen BuildingWater efficiency programsTire inflation & fuel-efficient tire standardsLocal government programs – transportation,
energy, waste/recycling, water useClimate change curriculum for K-12 as part
of Education & Environment Initiative
Other Activities
Climate Action Team – 12 CAT Subgroups
Participation in 6 CAT SubgroupsRecycling & Waste Management (Chair)Green BuildingLand UseAgricultureEconomicsResearch (New Subgroup)
Other Activities – cont’d
Participation in Protocol DevelopmentLandfill ProtocolLocal Government Operations ProtocolCommunity Protocol
Serve on Technical Advisory Group for Chicago Climate Exchange
Participation in CAPCOA Composting Work GroupInvolved in USEPA Climate Change activities
Webinar SeriesUSEPA WARM Model trainingDiscussion of future revisions to the WARM Model
Next Steps
ARB
Draft Scoping Plan supplemental documents published (economic evaluations)
October 2, 2008 - Final draft Scoping Plan with companion environmental document
November 2008 – ARB Board considers Scoping Plan (must be adopted by December 31, 2008)
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Next Steps
CIWMBComplete LCA and Economic Analysis of Organic
Management Options
Complete Economics Study for Commercial Recycling measure
Continue participation on CAT Subgroups
Work with ARB on measure implementation approach
Implementation of all proposed measures
Full implementation will require additional resources25
Staff Recognition
WCMP – Scott Walker, Stephanie YoungSTAR – Brenda Smyth, Clark Williams, Teri
WionLAMD – Cara Morgan, Kaoru Cruz, Jennifer
CaldwellCAT Team Coverage – Kevin Taylor, Jacques
Franco, Greg Dick, Ken Decio, David Otsubo