discussion 1 february 1, 2005

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Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

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Discussion 1 February 1, 2005. Bioregional Climate. D. Cassidy. Five Year Fire Regime. Long, Large. Constraints. Succession of individual plant species In a prairie. Level of Focus. Time, Space. Root Parasites. Micro organisms. Soil Bacteria. Short, Small. Mechanisms - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Discussion 1

February 1, 2005

Page 2: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Successionof individual plant species

In a prairie

Level of Focus

Microorganisms

Mechanisms (emergent)

Root Parasites

Soil Bacteria

Five Year Fire Regime

Short,Small

Long, Large

Tim

e, S

pace

Constraints

Bioregional Climate

D. Cassidy

Page 3: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Interior PlateauInterior Plateau

KnobsKnobs

Inner BluegrassInner Bluegrass

Outer NashvilleBasin

Outer NashvilleBasin

Landscape ofFayette County, KY

Landscape ofFayette County, KY

Sp

atia

l Sca

le

T

emp

oral

Sca

leProcesses & CharacteristicsProcesses & Characteristics

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

• Similarity of ecosystems

• Response to disturbance

• Weather patterns

• Type, quality and quantity of environmental resources

• Geology and Soil patterns

• Hydrology and Topography

EconomicEconomic

SocialSocial• Community infrastructure, land use planning, transportation, horse farm industry, population growth, university, recreation, value of stakeholders, conservation, historic value, microclimate

• Landscape Mosaic:

•Patches: lakes, parks, arboretum

•Corridors: roads, animal migration, streams/rivers

•Matrix: horse farms/agriculture, urban development

C. Read

Page 4: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Marie Vicksta

Species 2Species 1

Speciation

Mutation MutationMutation Mutation

Natural Mutation rateIntroduced ToxinsIncreased UV radiationSelection pressures  

Morphology/Physiology Morphology/Physiology

Determines individual’s niche: where it can live, what it can ingest

Lethal mutationsEnergy cost VS.Selection value

Energy BudgetCompetitionResource partitioningIsolation

Page 5: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Aaron MegquierFOR565, Assignment #101.31.2005

Ecoregional landscape

Individual Stand or Patch

Goal: Develop quantifiable measures or indicators for biodiversity that can be measured across ecoregional landscapes.

Composition: Species richness and abundance, proportion of native species. Structure: Standing dead trees, coarse woody debris, mixed-age stands, gap formation rates, non-channelized streams, Function: local colonization/extinction rates, NPP

Sp

ati

al S

cale

10 ha

108 ha

Biome

Factors supporting biodiversity Potential threats to biodiversity

Road density, invasive species, isolation from other patches, habitat removal/simplification, edge effects, eutrophication of water bodies,

Composition: Natural communities present, numbers of RTE species, representativeness of protected areas, extinction rate w/in NRVStructure: Perimeter:area ratio, patch size, riparian buffer strips, migratory routes, landscape connectivity, distribution of seral stages. Function: Large-scale disturbance frequency, nutrient cycling rates, guild persistence, ecological redundancy

Composition: Rates of speciationStructure: Physiognomy of dominant vegetation types, geological landform, Function: Temperature and precipitation patterns, solar insolation levels

Widespread persistent pollutants, broad patterns of land-use change, large hydrological modifications, loss of keystone species, fire suppression policy, habitat fragmentation, highly pathogenic invasive species

Rapid changes in temperature and precipitation patterns, loss of dispersal vectors for species migration, massive land-cover conversion by humans

Temporal scale is highly non-linear across the diagram and has been left out for this reason.

Biodiversity gains at standlevel support the ecoregion

Ecoregional threats arerealized at the stand level

Climate and landform shapedisturbance regime, species richness, community diversity

Cumulative stress from lowerlevels may affect long-termviability of biome

Page 6: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Beta insect community / landscape

Insect community / patch

Insect species / Flower species

ConstraintsHierarchical Diagram

ClimateMigration

Patch size , Distancebetween patches

Floral resources: pollen, nectarInsect / flower morphology

A. Bennett

Objective: Compare insect communities between patches

Constraints = RedMechanisms = Green

Page 7: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Objective: To Determine How Black Bears are Distributed Across the Landscape

Kirsten Kapp: Forest 565

Determined by biological and social processes: Climate, Soil type, Management History/Trends

Regional

Landscape

Stand

Gap

LANDSCAPE: Forest Cover

such as Spruce/Fir,

Aspen/Birch, Northern Hardwood,

Wetlands, Human Development,

Agriculture

Ideal habitat includes a diversity of forest types that contain hard mast, soft mast, water sources etc

Presence in or use of a particular area (home range) within habitat is dependent on stand characteristics such as food quality and quantity, escape cover, thermal cover, proximity to homes (garbage), other bears, distance to agriculture, edge

Bear Home Range

Bear Home Range

Bear Home Range

At a finer scale, presence of fallen trees (den sites), large trees with furrowed bark (for escape/cubs), reproductive success of individual trees (acorn crop) determine temporal usable habitat

Regional Black Bear Range• Defined loosely as forested land

Tree

Tree

Tree

Tree Tree

Tree

Acorn CropThermal Cover

Den SiteTemporal

Spatial

Escape

Page 8: Discussion 1 February 1, 2005

Objective: What policy mechanisms will motivate NIPF’s (non-industrial private forest owners) to manage across property boundaries?

Institutions:

•Policy making bodies, governments (ex. laws)

•Private organizations or cooperatives

Individual NIPF’s:

•Personal land objectives, ethics, beliefs

•Income from land, family influence

Neighbors:

•Collective action

•Common objectives, trust, investment

•Ecosystem management

R.Gass