discovering the wines of languedoc-roussillon, south of france

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Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

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Page 1: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON,

South of France

Page 2: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

2

28 centuries of history!

Contemporary wines, centuries of tradition 28 centuries of know-how Vineyards were established by the Greeks

and developed by the Romans

From the 8th Century, abbeys started organising the vineyards and delineating appellations

1531: birth of the first sparkling wine in Limoux Roussillon = French since 1659 18th and 19th centuries: building of the Canal du

Midi linking the Atlantic to the Mediterranean and arrival of the railway precipitated the growth of the vineyards and their diversification

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Geographic position

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The ideal climate

Mediterranean climate

Plentiful sunshine: mild winters, hot summers

Specific rainfall regime (storms) dry season = summer rainy season = autumn and early spring

Numerous and frequent winds (natural protection against phytosanitary diseases)

Average annual climatic parameters: Rainfall levels = 500 – 600 mm Sunlight = 2,530 hours (~316 days/365) Temperature = 15°C

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Various terroirs …

Numerous geological structures (reliefs, slopes, exposures, altitudes) and microclimates.

Rich variety of soils and subsoils; some of them having been awarded a special A.O.C. (different soils give different characters to wines):

limestone schist granite gneiss

Amphitheatre of mountains Predominantly clay/limestone, schist, “gravelly”.

cailloux sables granitiques argiles limons etc.

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Source : http://sol.ensam.inra.fr

Sols et Paysages © UMR LISAH Montpellier

Various terroirs …

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Page 8: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

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C = CabardèsM = MalepèreL = LimouxCR= Crémant

AOC

Cabernet Franc Cabernet SauvignonCarignan noirChenansonCinsautCotGrenache noir Grenache grisLladoner PelutMerlotMourvèdrePetit VerdotPinot noirPortanSyrah

VDN

Red and Rosé varietals

C – MC – M

C-M-L

C – M – L

L – CR

Page 9: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

AOC EffervescentBourboulencCarignan blancChardonnayChasanCheninColombardClairetteGrenache blancGrenache grisMacabeuMalvoisie du RoussillonMarsanneMauzacMuscat à petits grainsMuscat d’AlexandriePicquepoul blancRoussanneSauvignonSémillonTerretUgni blancVermentinoViognier

VDN

White varietals

M = white Minervois

M

9

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Vinification, maturation and characteristics

Dry red wines Traditional maceration after picking Carbonic maceration (Carignan for example) Vinification with controled temperatures Flash-Détente™process, thermovinification Microbullage (micro-oxygenation) Mandatory malolactic fermentation Maturation = an average of 2 years in vat or in wood

Light and easy drinking wines

Variety of hors d’œuvres; charcuterie and grilled meats

Drink young between 13° and 15°C

Stronger, more concentrated and/or older wines

Game, casseroles and ripened cheese

Drink within one hour after opening at 17°C

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Vinification, maturation and characteristics

Dry rosés wines Vinification obtained by bleeding after a few hours

of maceration Vinification obtained by direct pressing Vinification with controled temperatures Possible malolactic fermentation Maturation : “Seasonal” wine or “ageable” wine (which is

sometimes vinified and aged in oak barrels)

Fresh, fine and/or rich and powerful wines

Excellent wines for apéritif Charcuterie, white meat, spicy foods and Paëlla …

Serve between 8° and 12°C

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Vinification, maturation and characteristics

Dry white wines Mostly made from skin maceration, but

some wines come from direct pressing. Vinification with controled temperatures Frequent vinification in barrels Possible malolactic fermentation Stored in cellar:

Most of them should be drunk young (2 years) Wines aged in oak barrels: 3 years and more

Fresh wines with a rich aromatic complexity

Also wines for apéritif.Shellfish, fish or exotic foods.

Serve between 8° and 12°C

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Vinification of Vins Doux Naturels (VDN)

« Mutage »

Process discovered in 1285 by Arnau de Vilanova, rector of the University of Montpellier and doctor at the court of the King of Majorca.

During fermentation, a 96%vol. neutral vinic alcohol is added, in the amount of 5% to 10 % of the volume of the must in order to halt the yeast action and to keep a part of natural sugars.

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Vinification and maturation of Vins Doux Naturels (VDN)

Red, tuilé (tawny colored) Vinification either through:

Mutage after pressing of must derived from traditional maceration

Mutage on the cap (« mutage sur grains ou sur marc », long maceration in alcohol and pressing

Maturation of Red VDN Tuilé VDN

White, ambré (amber colored) Vinification either through:

Maceration for a few hours Direct pressing Mutage takes place on must (liquid phase)

or sometimes « sur marc » (Muscat) Maturation of White VDN Ambré VDN

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Vins Doux Naturels (VDN) Maturation and characteristics

While evolving, VDN change in colour, structure and flavour By « reduction » (=avoiding oxygen) : in full vats or in bottles (early bottling) By oxidation : maturation period between 30 months and more than 20 years …

inside or outside cellars in container en vidange  (not filling up the containers completely) in different vats or aged in wood (foudres, demi-muids, barrels) or, sometimes, in glass bonbonnes or demi-muids outdoors for 9 to 12

months

A Vin Doux Naturel bottle (aged in an oxidative environment) can be kept open for several months

Pleasant wines as an apéritif, with cheese, dessert and with a variety of other foods like foie gras, poultry, roast meats, cream, chocolate desserts, fruits

Serve between 8 and 13°C. Between 13 and 15°C for the oldest ones.

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Vinification, maturation and characteristics of sparkling wines

Whole grape pressing

Juice selection and complete fermentation in temperature-controlled vats.

Just before bottling, a “liqueur de tirage” (mixture of yeasts and sugar) is added so that a second fermentation will take place in the bottle, thus enabling bubble formation; the yeasts convert the sugar into alcohol and fine bubbles. This second in-bottle fermentation lasts several months (at least 9 months for the Blanquette de Limoux and 12 for the Crémant de Limoux).

The daily “remuage” (riddling) in the pupitres allows the sediment deposit formed in the bottle to move into the neck. The neck of the bottle is then frozen in order to expel the deposit.

Before the final corking, a “liqueur d’expédition” (sugar dosage) is added which gives each cuvée its dry or semi-dry character.

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The Languedoc belongs to one of the largest vineyards in the world in terms of

area: the Languedoc-Roussillon Sud de France

= 270 000 ha of vines

A wine-growing area equivalent to that of Australia

-ROUSSILLON(The Vineyards of Languedoc - Roussillon AOCs)

Page 18: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Languedoc-Roussillon production for wine year 2008/2009

AOC Roussillon

AOC Languedoc

Pays d’Oc

wines

**Total regional

Surface area in hectares 20 850 38000 103500 270 000

Accredited volumes in hl 596 974 1 360 000 5 975 000 ***12 900 000

% of total volume / for

France (51,9 Million of hl)

1,1 3 13% of which 60 %

are vins de pays

30

Yield established by regulation

40 hl / ha

28,63 hl / ha*

50 hl / ha

36 hl/ha*

80 hl / ha

*61,22 hl / ha

% of private cellars 25 30 20

% of co-operative cellars 75 70 80

Wide range of wines in one of the

world’s largest

vineyards

________

Multiplicity of winery types: private

cellars / co-operative cellars / trading

companies

________

Production mix in

wineries * Average overall yield** Including VDT and local wines (VDP)*** Harvest declarations for AOC 2008

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Languedoc Roussillon : Key numbers

From August 2009… :

PDO (AOP) PGI (IGP) Wines without GI

Protected Designation of Origin

Protected Geographical Indication

Wines WITHOUT Geographical Indication

E.g.: AOC + VDQS (Delimited Wine of Superior Quality)

E.g.: Local wine (“vin de pays”)

E.g.: Table wine

27%

40%

14%

10%

6%3%

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Languedoc Roussillon : Key numbers

30 000 wine growers managing 270 000 ha of vineyards

300 co-operative cellars & 2 500 private cellars make the Sud de France range of still, sparkling and natural sweet wines.

The trade in the Sud de France range of wines (including table wines) is estimated at 12.5 million hectolitres. The 50 main marketers account for more than 70% of sales.

Finally, more than 100 000 people work directly for the industry, not to mention indirect employment.

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Languedoc Roussillon : COM reform

AOC(Registered Designation

ofOrigin)

VDQS(Delimited wine

of Superior Quality)

VDP(Local wine)

VDT(Table Wine)

AOP / PDO(Protected

Designation of Origin)

INAO

Wines without

GI(Geographic

al Indication)

Implementing organisation

INAO(National Institute for Designations

of Origin)

FRAM

Implementing organisation

TO BE DEFINED

IGP / PGI(Protected

Géographical Indication)

YESTERDAY

TODAY

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Languedoc Roussillon : CMO Reform

Every AOC and/or Local Wine wishing to become a PDO or PGI will have to form an Organisme de Gestion (Implementing Organisation) and set up an independent inspection or regulatory body.

The Organisme de Gestion will have to draft a list of specifications, which will be validated by INAO, and add an inspection plan to it which will define the control types and pressure levels.

As at 1 August 2009, every PDO must have its specifications validated whilst PGIs may use their decree provisionally until 31 December 2011.

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LANGUEDOC AOC’s / PDOs

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42 500 hl

1 345 300 hl

70 330 hl

9 300 000 hl

Breakdown of AOC / PDO Languedoc wines production

Total average production 10 .7 million hl

AOC/PDO Vins Doux Naturels

AOC/PDO Vins secs

AOC/PDO Vins effervescents

Vins de pays & vins de table (PGI & no IG)

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18 AOCs / PDOs with strong characters

11 AOCs / PDOs for either red, rosé or white

3 AOCs / PDOs sparkling wines

4 AOCs / PDOs Vins Doux Naturels

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Languedoc AOC’s / PDO’s : breakdown of production by colour and type of wine

10%

6%

5%

3%

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Breakdown of Languedoc AOC’s / PDO’s

Languedoc AOCs / PDOs: production tending towards diversification

35%

9%30%

5%8%

0.2%

1.5%

5% 5%

0.8%

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The Languedoc AOC / PDO : a major French regional designation

Decree of April, 30th 2007

Four departments: Hérault, Aude, Gard, Pyrénées Orientales A minimum of two grape varieties

• Example of reds: Syrah and Mouvèdre / Syrah or Mouvèdre = 20% + 80% minimum Grenache

• Example of whites: Grenache B + Bourboulenc / Picpoul + 50% minimum of another white grape variety  

Basic yield: 50hl/ha for reds; 60hl/ha for whites Wine alcohol content > 11.5% Maturity of grapes harvested: 198g/l sugar in red (190 for

whites)

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Languedoc AOC / PDO wines, a very promising high-quality vineyard

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Sub-regional appellations: diversity and characteristics of our terroirs

AOC Cabardès AOC Clairette du Languedoc

AOC Corbières

AOC Faugères

AOC Limoux

AOC Malepère

AOC Minervois

AOC Saint Chinian

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Restructuring of the “Coteaux du Languedoc” group

The regional AOC / PDO: corresponds to the extension of the Coteaux du Languedoc designation

The Coteaux du Languedoc are broken down into eight areas or terroirs La Clape Pic Saint Loup Picpoul de Pinet Grès de Montpellier Pézenas Terrasses du Larzac Terrasses de Béziers Sommières

These eight areas are destined to become eight new designations

AFTER INAO VALIDATION

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Local appellations : our delectable gems

Saint Chinian Roquebrun

Corbières Boutenac

Minervois la Livinière Saint Chinian Berlou

Page 33: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

ROUSSILLON AOC’s / PDOs

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295 659 hl

301 315 hl

407 295 hl

Breakdown of AOC / PDO Roussillon wines production

Total average production 1,004 million hl

AOC / PDO Vins Doux Naturels

AOC / PDO Vins secs

VDP = 4/5

Vins de pays & vins de table (PGI & no IG)

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Roussillon AOCs / PDOs

Collioure

Côtes du Roussillon

Côtes du Roussillon Les Aspres

Côtes du Roussillon Villages Côtes du Roussillon Villages

Caramany Côtes du Roussillon Villages Latour

de France Côtes du Roussillon Villages

Lesquerde Côtes du Roussillon Villages

Tautavel

Muscat de Rivesaltes (VDN)

Rivesaltes (VDN)

Maury (VDN)

Banyuls & Banyuls Grand Cru (VDN)

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Roussillon AOCs / PDOs

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Roussillon AOC‘s / PDO’s : breakdown of production by colour and type of wine

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Roussillon, 13 AOCs / PDOswith very distinctive characteristics

AOC / DPO Dry wines (8) Collioure (white, rosé, red) Côtes du Roussillon (white, rosé, red) Côtes du Roussillon Les Aspres (red)(plot selection) Côtes du Roussillon Villages (red)

Plus 4 specific productions carrying the name of the commune:

CRV Caramany CRV Latour de France CRV Lesquerde CRV Tautavel

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Last changes in Roussillon dry AOC’s / PDO’s group ?

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Roussillon, 13 AOCs / PDOswith very distinctive characteristics

Vins Doux Naturels AOCs / PDOs (5)

Rivesaltes « Grenat » = non oxydised

« Tuilé » / « Ambré » = oxydisedMaury

white / «Vintage», «Vendange», «Récolte» = non oxydised

Amber / Tawny = oxydisedBanyuls

white / «Rimage» = non oxydised

Amber / Tawny = oxydisedBanyuls Grand Cru (tawny ) = oxydisedMuscat de Rivesaltes (white)= non oxydised

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Last changes in Roussillon VDN AOC’s / PDO’s group ?

Page 42: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Food and wine pairings LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON

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Red with characters…

AOCS / PDOs Cabardès, Corbières, Corbières Boutenac, Faugères, Languedoc, Limoux, Malepère,

Minervois, Minervois la Livinière, Saint Chinian , Saint Chinian Berlou, Saint Chinian Roquebrun, Côtes du Roussillon, Côtes du Roussillon les Aspres, Côtes du Roussillon Villages, Côtes du Roussillon Villages latour de France, Côtes du Roussillon Villages Caramany, Côtes du Roussillon Villages Lesquerde, Côtes du Roussillon Villages Tautavel and Collioure .

Five designations in the process of recognition : La Clape, Pic Saint Loup, Les Grés de Montpellier, Pézenas, Terrasses du Larzac

Characteristics according to the stage of development Young: elegant and expressive, aromas of small red and black fruit (blackcurrants,

cherries and blackberries …), violets, peones…, sweet licorice or minerality. Mature: powerful, subtle and generous, aromas of candied fruits, leather, coffee and

animal notes

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Rosés with characters…

AOCS / PDOs Cabardès, Corbières, Faugères, Languedoc, Malepère, Minervois,

Saint Chinian, Côtes du Roussillon and Collioure. Characteristics

Lively, fresh, fruity and tasty, red fruit aromas, minerality.

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Whites with characters…

AOCS / PDOs Corbières, Minervois, Saint Chinian, Faugères, Languedoc,

Clairette du Languedoc, Limoux, Côtes du Roussillon and Collioure.

Designations in the process of classification: Picpoul de Pinet, La Clape

Characteristics Dry, fresh white: well-balanced, flowery, fruity nose,

exceptional body and finesse Aromatic white: exotic fruits, hazelnut for the Clairette, apple

for the Limoux

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Sparkling wines with characters…

AOCS / PDOs Blanquette de Limoux, Crémant de Limoux, Blanquette Méthode

Ancestrale Characteristics

Fine bubbles with a southern nose, aromas of white flowers (acacia, hawthorn and peach tree…) and apple

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VDN with characters…

AOCS / PDOs Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois, Muscat de Lunel, Muscat de

Mireval, Muscat de Frontignan, Muscat de Rivesaltes, Banyuls, Banyuls grand Cru, Maury and Rivesaltes

Characteristics Sweet wines with exceptional aromatic delicacy: young fruits and

flowers, honey … for Muscats Finesse, complexity, richness, dry fruits, candied fruits, cocoa,

cofee…

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All Languedoc-Roussillon AOC’s / PDO’s

Young, fruity wine

Powerful wine with rich aromas

Young, fresh, rather lively wineOr powerfull with a same range of aromas.

A few basic rules…

Mediterranean dish

Simple dish

Rich dish

Spicy dish

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Red AOCs / PDOs Young: simple dishes (omelette or savoury tart), flavoured, lightly seasoned, tomato-

based, grilled white or red meats. Characterful: dishes in (gravy or mushroom) sauce or very aromatic, grilled red meat

(beef or lamb), game.

Rosés AOCs / PDOs Summer dishes, very spicy dishes, exotic salads and cuisines of the world

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White AOCs / PDOs Dry: seafood and shellfish, grilled fish with herbs, lemon-

flavoured dishes, white meat, goat’s cheese More complex: fish and white meat in cream sauce,

seafood lasagne, fish quenelles, goat’s cheese

Sparkling AOCs / PDOs Canapés, pastries from the South of France, sweet exotic

dishes made with almonds or coconut…

Vins Doux Naturels AOCs / PDOs Savoury dishes: canapés made with foie gras, quails

with grapes, sweet & salt or sweet & sour recipes, cheeses, tartes Tatin, French horns, fruit desserts, icescream…

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Food & dry or sparkling wines pairing

Page 52: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Food & Vins Doux Naturels wines pairing

Page 53: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Product Technical Sheets Appendix

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AOC Limoux wines,Blanquette and Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale 1938, Crémant 1990, Limoux white 1993, red 2004

1,800 hectares harvested 542 producers 1 cooperative cellar 24 private cellars 8 trading companies

Average yield 40 hl/hectare (sparkling)

Production Blanquette de Limoux 40,000 hl Crémant de Limoux 30,000 hl Blanquette méthode ancestrale 4,000 hl Limoux (still wine)

White: 5,000 hl Red: 2,800 hl

Authorised varietals Blanquette: Mauzac (at least 90%), Chenin

and Chardonnay Crémant: Chardonnay (at least 40%)

Chenin (at least 20%), Chardonnay + Chenin (90% maximum). Secondary varietals: Mauzac + Pinot Noir ( 20% maximum), Pinot noir (10% maximum)

White Limoux (still wine): Mauzac (at least 15%), Chardonnay, Chenin

Red Limoux (still wine): Merlot (at least 50%), Cot, Syrah grenache (at least 30%), Carignan (10% maximum). Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale: 100% Mauzac

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Corbières, AOC red, rosé, white since 1985 Corbières-Boutenac since 2005

13,500 hectares reported 2,206 producers 33 cooperative cellars 289 private cellars

Average yield

44.56 hl/hectare

Average production

554,000 hl 92.6% red 5.8% rosé 1.6% white

Authorised varietals Red and rosé : Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre,

Carignan, Cinsault White: Grenache blanc, Bourboulenc,

Macabeu, Marsanne, Roussanne, Vermentino

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Coteaux du Languedoc,AOC red, rosé and white since 1985

10,000 hectares 2,800 producers 94 cooperative cellars 450 private cellars

Average yield 47 hl/hectare

Production 400,000 hl 78% red 10% rosé, 12% white

Pedo-climatic zones La Clape - Terrasses de Béziers -

Pézenas - Grés de Montpellier - Picpoul de Pinet - Terrasses du Larzac - Terres de Sommières

Pic Saint Loup

Authorised varietals

Mainly red and rosé: Grenache noir, Syrah and Mourvèdre (at least 50%); Cinsault et Carignan.

Pic St Loup: Syrah, Grenache noir, Mourvèdre (at least 90%).

Clape and Grés de Montpellier: Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre (at least 70%).

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Minervois, AOC red, rosé, white since 1985

5,000 ha identified 1,100 producers 30 cooperative cellars 222 private cellars

Maximum authorized yield

50 hl/ha

Production

170,000 hl 94% red 2% white 4% rosé

Authorised varietals Syrah, Mourvèdre (at least 20%) Syrah, Mourvèdre, Grenache (at least 60% ) Red: Carignan, Cinsault, Terret, Aspiran,

Piquepoul (40% maximum) White: Marsanne, Roussanne, Macabeu,

Bourboulenc, Clairette, Grenache, Vermentino and Muscat à petits grains

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Minervois La Livinière, AOC red since 1999

2,600 ha delineated 200 ha harvested 3 cooperative cellars 34 private cellars

Maximum authorized yield 45 hl/ha

Production 7 000 hl 100% red

Authorised varietals

Syrah, Mourvèdre and Grenache (at least 60% of the varietals, of which at least 40% Syrah or Mourvèdre)

Possible secondary varietals: Carignan, Cinsault, Terret, Piquepoul and Aspiran

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Saint-Chinian, AOC red and rosé since 1982, white since 2005Saint Chinian-Berlou / Saint Chinian-Roquebrun 2005

3 300 ha harvested 520 producers 9 cooperative cellars 102 private cellars

Average yield 45 hl/ha

Production 135,000 hl 90% red 9% rosé 1% white

Authorised varietals

Red and rosé: Grenache, Syrah and Mourvèdre, Carignan, Cinsault, Lladoner Pelut

White: Grenache blanc, Marsanne, Roussanne, Rolle

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Faugères, AOC red and rosé since 1982, white since 2005

2,000 hectares harvested 150 producers 2 cooperative cellars 38 private cellars

Average yield 42 hl/ha

Production 80,000 hl 80% red 20% rosé

Authorised varietals Red and rosé: Syrah, Grenache,

Mourvèdre, Carignan and Cinsault White: Roussanne, Grenache blanc,

Marsanne, Vermentino

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CabardèsVent d’est, Vent d’ouest, AOC since 1999

450 hectares harvested 30 producers 5 cooperative cellars 25 private cellars

Average yield 50 hl/hectare

Production 20,000 hl 90% red 10% rosé 90% sold on the estate or at the

château, bottled on the estate

Authorised varietals At least 40% of Atlantic grape

varieties: Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon, Cabernet franc,

At least 40% of Mediterranean grape varieties: Syrah, Grenache

A maximum of 20% of Cot, Fer Servadou and Cinsault

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Malepère, AOC since 1976, red and rosé

500/600 hectares committed to the Malepère’s wine charter

150 producers 4 cooperative cellars 20 private cellars

Average yield 50 hl/ha

Production

from 20 to 25,000 hl 85% red 15% rosé

Authorised varietals

Main varietals: Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cot.

Secondary varietals: Cabernet sauvignon, Grenache, Cinsault

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Clairette du Languedoc, AOC white since 1948

100 hectares harvested 7 cooperative cellars 11 private cellars

Average yield

40 hl/hectare

Production

3,800 hl 100% white

Authorised varietals

Clairette

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The Muscats of Languedoc (VDN)

Muscat de Frontignan (since 1936) 800 hectares harvested 1 cooperative cellar 5 private cellars Production of 21,848 hl

Muscat de Lunel (since 1943) 300 hectares harvested 1 cooperative cellar 4 private cellars Production of 9,847 hl

Muscat de Mireval (since 1959)

270 hectares harvested 1 cooperative cellar 4 private cellars Production of 7,565 hl

Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois (since 1949)

160 hectares harvested 1 cooperative cellar 5 private cellars Production of 5,639 hl

Authorized varietal: Muscat à petits grains

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Côtes du Roussillon, AOC Red, Rosé and White since 1977

Key numbers 2009 118 communes 6 646 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Maximum authorised yield : 50 hl/ha

Yield : 27,42 hl/ha

Production : 182 283 hl Red : 75 283 hl Rosé : 102 000 hl White : 5 000 hl

Authorised varietals :

Red and Rosé wines Carignan noir, Grenache noir,

Lladoner Pelut, Cinsault, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Macabeu (only for rosé)

White wines Grenache blanc, Grenache

Gris, Macabeu, Tourbat or Malvoisie du Roussillon, Roussanne, Marsanne, Vermentino

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Côtes du Roussillon les Aspres, AOC Red since 2005

Key numbers 2009

37 communes 46 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Maximum authorised yield : 45 hl/ha

Yield : 32,28 hl/ha

Production : 1 485 hl

Authorized varietals : Carignan noir, Grenache noir, Syrah, Mourvèdre

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Côtes du Roussillon Villages, AOC Red since 1977

Key numbers 2009

32 communes 1 158 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Maximum authorised yield : 45 hl/ha

Yield : 29,36 hl/ha

Production : 34 000 hl

Authorized varietals : Carignan noir, Grenache noir, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre

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Côtes du Roussillon Villages Caramany, AOC Red since 1977

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Côtes du Roussillon Villages Latour de France, AOC Red since 1977

Key numbers 2009

5 communes 67 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Maximum authorised yield : 45 hl/ha

Yield : 43,28 hl/ha

Production : 2 900 hl

Authorized varietals : Carignan noir, Grenache noir, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre

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Côtes du Roussillon Villages Lesquerde, AOC Red since 1996

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Côtes du Roussillon Villages Tautavel, AOC Red since 1997

Key numbers 2009

2 communes 221 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Rendement max. autorisé : 45 hl/ha

Rendement : 38 hl/ha

Production : 8 400 hl

Authorized varietals : Carignan noir, Grenache noir, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre

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Collioure, AOC Red since 1971, Rosé since 1991, White since 2003

Key numbers 2009

4 communes 510 ha of surface area 4 000 vines/ha of density

Rendement max. autorisé : 40 hl/ha

Rendement : 37,68 hl/ha

Production : 19 219 hl Red : 11 542 hl Rosé : 4 925 hl White : 2 752 hl

Authorized varietals :

Red and Rosé wines Main varietals: Grenache noir,

Syrah, Mourvèdre Secondary varietals: Carignan

noir, Cinsault, Grenache gris White wines

Main varietals: Grenaches blanc and gris

Secondary varietals: Macabeu, Malvoisie, Marsanne, Roussanne, Vermentino

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Rivesaltes, VDN AOC since 1936, Grenat, Ambré and Tuilé since 1997

Key numbers 2009 86 communes – Pyrénées-

Orientales 9 communes – Aude 4 371 ha of surface area 3 700 vines/ha of density

Rendement max. autorisé : 30 hl/ha

Rendement : 29,22 hl/ha

Production : 127 733 hl

Authorised varietals :

Grenat and Tuilé Grenache noir, Grenache

blanc, Grenache gris, Macabeu, Tourbat or called Malvoisie du Roussillon

Ambré wines Grenache blanc, Grenache

gris, Muscat à petits grains, Muscat d’Alexandrie, Macabeu, Tourbat or called Malvoisie du Roussillon

Secondary varietals: Carignan noir, Cinsault, Syrah, Listan

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Muscat de Rivesaltes, VDN AOC White since 1956

Key numbers 2009

90 communes – Pyrénées-Orientales 9 communes – Aude 4 401 ha of surface area 3 000 vines/ha of density

Rendement max. autorisé : 30 hl/ha

Rendement : 27,26 hl/ha

Production : 120 000 hl

Authorised varietals : Muscat à petits grains, Muscat d’Alexandrie or called Muscat Romain

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Maury, VDN AOC Red and White since 1936

Key numbers 2009

4 communes 276 ha of surface area 3 700 vines/ha of density

Rendement max. autorisé : 30 hl/ha

Rendement : 23,09 hl/ha

Production : 6 374 hl

Authorised varietals :

Red and Tuilé wines Main varietals: Grenache noir,

Grenache blanc, Grenache gris, Macabeu

Secondary varietals: Carignan noir, Syrah

White and Ambré wines Grenaches gris et blanc,

Macabeu, Tourbat, Muscat d’Alexandrie, Muscat à petits grains

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Banyuls, VDN AOC Red since 1936, White since 1992

Key numbers 2009

4 communes 516 ha of surface area

Rendement max. autorisé : 30 hl/ha

Rendement : 21,50 hl/ha

Production : 11 096 hl

Authorised varietals :

Main varietals: Grenache noir, Grenache blanc, Grenache gris, Muscat à petits grains, Muscat d’Alexandrie, Macabeu, Tourbat or called Malvoisie du Roussillon

Secondary varietals: Carignan noir, Cinsault, Syrah

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Banyuls Grand Cru, VDN AOC Red since 1962

Key numbers 2009

4 communes 212 ha of surface area

Rendement max. autorisé : 30 hl/ha

Rendement : 16,50 hl/ha

Production : 3 499 hl

Authorised varietals :

Main varietals: Grenache noir, Grenache blanc, Grenache gris, Muscat à petits grains, Muscat d’Alexandrie, Macabeu, Tourbat or called Malvoisie du Roussillon

Secondary varietals: Carignan noir, Cinsault, Syrah

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Breakdown of Vins de pays d’Oc

25 %

42 %

31 %

2 %

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Vins de pays d’Oc market share in the French vins de pays category

Vins de Pays d'Oc market share in the French Vins de Pays

RED ROSE WHITE TOTAL

Percentage of Vins de pays d'Oc / French Vins de Pays

59% 45% 54% 55%

Vins de Pays d'Oc Varietal wine shares in the entire French Varietal Vins de Pays category

MerlotCabernet

-Sauv.Syrah

Cinsault Rosé

Syrah Rosé

Chardon-nay

Sauvi-gnon

Total Varietal Wines

Percentage of Vins de Pays d'Oc / French Vins de Pays

95% 93% 96% 97% 92% 88% 83% 90%

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Vins de pays d’Oc Vendanges Surmûries

Naturally sweet wines, resulting from the vinification of

an over-ripe harvest without alcohol ‘mutage’

The over-ripeness of the grapes can be obtained via

two developments:

concentration on the vine or through ‘passerillage’

Noble rot

Natural sugar content in the must: minimum 252 g/L

Analytical norms as per the approved Appellation rules :

Minimum 45 g/l residual sugar in the finished wine

Page 81: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Thank you for your attention

To your health!

Courtesy of Languedoc-Roussillon wines, Southern France

Page 82: Discovering the wines of LANGUEDOC-ROUSSILLON, South of France

Tasting Notes

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Cuvée Royale, Crémant de Limoux Les Vignerons de Sieurs d’Arques

Notes:

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AOC Picpoul de Pinet Domaine Coustellier

Notes:

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Collioure Blanc Cornet & Cie 2008 Cave de l’Abbé Rous

Notes:

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Mas Daumas Gassac

Notes:

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Domaine de Fontseque - AOC Corbières Boutenac Gérard Bertrand

Notes:

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Côtes du Roussillon Rouge – Three Peaks 2006 Domaine Treloar

Notes:

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Vieilles Vignes-Domaine Gauby

Notes:

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Maury Prestige 15 ans d’age Domaine Mas Amiel

Notes: