disaster preparedness pandemic influenza virus prevention measures
DESCRIPTION
Margie Parham PhD student Walden University PUBH: 8165-1 Environmental Health Instructor: Dr. Raymond Thron Winter, 2011. Disaster Preparedness Pandemic Influenza Virus prevention Measures. Discuss the origins and history of the influenza virus. Describe the types of influenza viruses. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Margie ParhamPhD student
Walden UniversityPUBH: 8165-1 Environmental Health
Instructor: Dr. Raymond ThronWinter, 2011
1. Discuss the origins and history of the influenza virus.
2. Describe the types of influenza viruses.3. Identify the transmission routes of
influenza virus.4. Describe the importance of receiving the
influenza vaccine. 5. Discuss the role of the nursing student in
closing the gaps of patient knowledge deficit related to the myths of influenza vaccine?
20th Century Three Outbreaks of Influenza worldwide
Respiratory Illnesses: Contagious (human to human)
Occupational Safety Health Agency, 2009. Pandemic influenza preparedness and response guidance for healthcare workers and healthcare employers. Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA_pandemic_health.pdf
World Health Organization. 2009. Influenza seasonal. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/index.html
3 types Influenza Viruses: Type A = pandemic influenza only, seasonal
Subtypes: A (H1N1), A (H3N2) Type B= seasonal Type C= mild symptoms
Occupational Safety Health Agency, 2009. Pandemic influenza preparedness and response guidance for healthcare workers and healthcare employers. Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA_pandemic_health.pdf
World Health Organization. 2009. Influenza seasonal. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/index.html
The first United States case of H1N1 occurred in Southern California and near Guadalupe County, Texas, April 2009.
Mexico and Canada reported H1N1 cases
Georgia State University. 2010. Office of Emergence Management. H1N1 General Info. Retrieved from http://www.gsu.edu/oem/37808.html.
“Swine flu” Genes of the virus were similar to pigs of North
America Two of the genes of the flu viruses were from
Europe, and Asia Avian (chickens) and human genes “ Quadruple
Reassortant” virus
Georgia State University. 2010. Office of Emergence Management. H1N1 General Info. Retrieved from http://www.gsu.edu/oem/37808.html.
Symptoms Fever, chills Coughing Sore throat Body aches Vomiting Diarrhea
(children)
Spread from person to person
Droplets: person talk or sneeze
Spread to others that are close to the infected person:
Mouth Nose
CDC. 2010. Seasonal flu. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm
1976 to 2006 deaths range 3,000-49,000 First flu pandemic in 40 years, 2009-2010
United States mortality 12,000 January 2-8, 2011, WHO, (2011) reported
worldwide 4,331 specimen, 706 positive influenza A
Four deaths, (two influenza A; two influenza B)http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm#whatis
CDC. 2011. Flu view: A weekly influenza surveillance report prepared by the influenza division. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm#whatis
Virus enters the body from day 1-4 Last 5-7days. Contagious:
1-4 day No symptoms Children > 7 days
Centers for Control and Prevention. 2010. Seasonal influenza flu: How flu is spread. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
Louie, Acosta, Jamieson, & Honein (2010) reported 95% of pregnant women with H1N1 influenza suffer severe illnesses and require critical care or die from complications. 2009 increase in influenza cause an increase in the maternal mortality rate in
the United States Women receiving antiviral medication after 48 hours are at high risk for
hospitalization.
CDC recommendation for antiviral medication of pregnant women is immediate treatment up to 48 hours.
WHO. 2011. Global Alert and Response.CDC Estimates of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Cases, Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States, April 2009 – March 13, 2010. Retreivedromhttp://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_01_20/en/index.html
Louie, J. K., Acosta, M., Jamieson, D. J. & Honein, M. A. (2010). Severe 2009 H1N1 influenza in pregnant and postpartum women in California. New England Journal of Medicine. 362, 27-35.
Centers for Control and Prevention. 2010. Seasonal influenza flu: How flu is spread. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
In 2009, CDC and WHO reported cases of Influenza worldwide: Hospitalizations: 192 million to 398 million Cases: 43 million to 88 million Deaths: 8,720 to 18,050
WHO. 2011. Global Alert and Response.CDC Estimates of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Cases, Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States, April 2009 – March 13, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_01_20/en/index.html
The who has reported cases of influenza A (H5N1) Asia, Africa, Pacific and Europe Indonesia and Vietnam have the highest In Egypt they reported 121 confirmed cases
40 have been fatal
WHO. 2011. Global Alert and Response.CDC Estimates of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Cases, Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States, April 2009 – March 13, 2010. Retreivedromhttp://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_01_20/en/index.html
CDC, 2010. H1N1
CDC.(2010). Cold versus flu. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/couldflu.htm
COLD FLU
Respiratory illness Viruses (different) Symptoms:
Milder Runny or stuffy nose No serious health
problems
Respiratory illness Viruses (different) Hospitalization Intense symptoms:
Fever Body aches Extreme tiredness Dry cough
Secondary complications:
Pneumonia, bacteria infections
Understanding the Seriousness of Influenza Virus
Cover your nose and mouth when you sneeze or cough (tissue or bend of your arm)
Throw away tissue Use alcohol hand sanitizer Avoid touching your eyes,
nose or mouth
Stay home if you are sick until 24 hours after fever (100 F or 37.8 C)is gone [http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html]
Limit contact with others
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010). CDC says “take 3” actions to fight the flu. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/jpreventing.htm
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html
•Payaprom, Bennett, Burnard, Alabaster & Tantipong (2009) qualitative study found:
•Misconceptions about influenza among the Thai people• Influenza can cause the flu•Only listen to family members advice•Elderly with chronic illnesses more readily to get vaccinated
• In 2004 outbreak of Influenza motivated Thai public health government:
•Free vaccine, accessible possible increase vaccination•Elderly > 65 with Chronic Diseases•Educating the elderly and family members importance of vaccination•Examining any cultural health beliefs•Misunderstandings and myths•Healthcare providers to promote influenza vaccination
Payaprom, Y., Bennett, P., Burnard, P., Alabaster, E. & Tantipong. (2009). Understandings of influenza and influenza vaccination among high risk urbanDwelling Thai adults: a qualitative study. Journal of Public Health. 32 (1). 26-31.
1st (most important) Protects against the
three viruses Influenza A - H3N2 Influenza B 2009 - H1N1
High risk populations
As early as 6 months of age
Children younger than 6 months can not receive the vaccine
Person caring (vaccinated)
Centers for Control Disease and Prevention. (2010). CDC says “take 3” actions to fight the flu Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm
Children: 6-9 One dose of
seasonal flu vaccine If vaccinated in the
past Two doses of
seasonal vaccine First time receiving
the vaccine Nasal Spray
2 > older
Adults: 10-49 One dose vaccine
shot Nasal spray
Healthy No medical conditions
Pregnant Women One dose vaccine
shot only Adults: 50 >
One dose vaccine shot onlyCenters for Control Disease and Prevention. (2010). CDC says “take 3” actions
to fight the flu Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm
Infection control Wash your hands with soap and water or
alcohol hand rub Avoid touching eyes, mouth, and nose Stay home if sick Isolation to protect others
Centers for Control Disease and Prevention. (2010). CDC says “take 3” actions to fight the flu Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/preventing.htm
Can not get the vaccination if history of: Asthma HIV/AIDS Children 5 < wheezing Children and Adolescents (ASA therapy) Gullain-Barre’ Syndrome (GBS) [no shot] Allergic to Chicken Eggs [no shot] Allergic to Nasal Spray vaccine [no shot]
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html
Elderly 4 times higher dose 3 flu strains
Allergies Chicken eggs Cell based vaccine (2011)
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html
Prescriptions for treating the flu Prevent infection Milder symptoms 70-90% effective Healthy person will be around
someone with flu Children >1 Adults
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html; http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/medicine/index.html
The more people vaccinated in a community strengthens the community against the spread of influenza.
If a patient has a cold Weak immune system Body fight the “cold virus”
Myth Influenza vaccination causes the flu
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html
Tamiflu and Relenza (generic names oseltamivir and zanamivir)
Pills (Tamiflu)
Liquids (Tamiflu)
Inhaled powder (Relenza)
Use within 24-48 hours
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html; http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/medicine/index.html
The following sources will provide information for patient education and explaining the importance of prevention measures to avoid disasters and the spread of the influenza virus globally.
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/couldflu.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/jpreventing.htm http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/medic
ine/index.html http://www.gsu.edu/oem/37808.html http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/
index.html http://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_01_20/en/
index.html
Georgia State University. 2010. Office of Emergence Management. H1N1 General Info. Retrieved from http://www.gsu.edu/oem/37808.html
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010). CDC says “take 3” actions to fight the flu. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/jpreventing.htm
Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. (2010). Cold versus flu. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/couldflu.htm
Louie, J. K., Acosta, M., Jamieson, D. J. & Honein, M. A. (2010). Severe 2009 H1N1 influenza in pregnant and postpartum women in California. New England Journal of Medicine. 362, 27-35.
Payaprom, Y., Bennett, P., Burnard, P., Alabaster, E. & Tantipong. (2009). Understandings of influenza and influenza vaccination among high risk urban Dwelling Thai adults: a qualitative study. Journal of Public Health. 32 (1). 26
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html;http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html
U. S. Department of Health and Human Service. Flu.gov. (2011). Prevention and treatment. Retrieved from http://pandemicflu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/index.html;http://www.flu.gov/individualfamily/prevention/medicine/index.html
World Health Organization. 2011. Global Alert and Responses. CDC Estimates of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Cases, Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States, April 2009 – March 13, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2011_01_20/en/index.html