DISASTER DISASTER PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESS

DISASTER DISASTER PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESS

Definition: Definition: •Any situation/event Any situation/event

that overwhelms that overwhelms existing resources or existing resources or ability to respond.ability to respond.

Definition of Disaster:Definition of Disaster:ExternalExternal• Multi patient incident Multi patient incident

event resulting event resulting

in fewer than 10 in fewer than 10

casualtiescasualties

• Multi casualty incidentMulti casualty incident results in 100 or fewer results in 100 or fewer

casualties, strains casualties, strains facilitiesfacilities

• Mass casualty incidentMass casualty incident results in more than 100 results in more than 100

casualties, casualties, overwhelms existing overwhelms existing facilitiesfacilities

Definition of Definition of Disaster:Disaster:InternalInternal

Any situation Any situation that results in that results in the health care the health care facility facility becoming becoming partially or partially or totally totally inoperableinoperable

Disaster Response Disaster Response

Assessment:Assessment:1.1. Loss of lifeLoss of life

2.2. Physical injuriesPhysical injuries

3.3. Psychological Psychological traumatrauma

4.4. Property damageProperty damage

5.5. Environmental Environmental destructiondestruction

6.6. Economic/Business Economic/Business lossloss

Emergency Preparedness PlanEmergency Preparedness Plan Disaster Disaster

command centercommand center Administrative Administrative

operations centeroperations center Medical Medical

operations centeroperations center Nursing Nursing

operations centeroperations center

Emergency Preparedness PlanEmergency Preparedness Plan Personnel Personnel

operations operations centercenter

OR operations OR operations centercenter

Security Security operations operations centercenter

ED operations ED operations centercenter

ResponseResponse Confirm disaster Confirm disaster

activation responseactivation response ED operations centerED operations center

• Assignments of on-duty Assignments of on-duty supervisorsupervisor

• Staff assignmentsStaff assignments• Evacuation of patients Evacuation of patients

from EDfrom ED• Secure environmentSecure environment• ED staffing considerationsED staffing considerations• CommunicationCommunication

Response continuedResponse continued Disaster casualty patient coordinationDisaster casualty patient coordination

• TriageTriage• Acuity assessmentAcuity assessment• Disaster tagsDisaster tags• Registration logRegistration log• Treatment areaTreatment area• All documentation on disaster packetAll documentation on disaster packet• Tracking with disaster tagsTracking with disaster tags• FamilyFamily

Stress ManagementStress Management Stress reducersStress reducers Assess staff during breaks or Assess staff during breaks or

roundsrounds Educate staff regarding delayed Educate staff regarding delayed

stress reactionstress reaction Critical Incident Stress Debriefing.Critical Incident Stress Debriefing.

Deactivation of Deactivation of DisasterDisaster

Support resources Support resources meeting demandmeeting demand

Institutional needs Institutional needs assessmentassessment

Critique—what Critique—what worked, what worked, what needs needs improvementimprovement

Weapons of Mass Weapons of Mass DestructionDestruction

RadRadiation iation exexposureposure

Chemical Chemical exposureexposure

Biological agentsBiological agents Viral agentsViral agents Toxin agentsToxin agents Visual DX Visual DX

ResourceResource

RadiationRadiation Depends on doseDepends on dose Symptoms- Symptoms-

• Nausea, vomiting, Nausea, vomiting, or bloody diarrhea or bloody diarrhea within 3 hourswithin 3 hours

Radiation safety Radiation safety officerofficer

Decontamination of all Decontamination of all patientspatients

Safety of Safety of decontamination teamdecontamination team

ChemicalChemical

Industrial or Industrial or terroristterrorist

Recognition of Recognition of agentagent

PPEPPE DecontaminationDecontamination Specific agentsSpecific agents

Biological agentsBiological agents

Occur naturally in environmentOccur naturally in environment Types of biological agentsTypes of biological agents

• Bacteria: anthrax, plague, Bacteria: anthrax, plague, tularemiatularemia

• Viruses: smallpox, ebola, VEEViruses: smallpox, ebola, VEE

• Toxins: botulism, staphylococcal Toxins: botulism, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, ricinenterotoxin B, ricin

Viral agentsViral agents

Onset of signs and symptoms 7 – Onset of signs and symptoms 7 – 10 days10 days

QuarantineQuarantine Supportive therapySupportive therapy No approved antiviral medicationNo approved antiviral medication

ToxinsToxins BotulismBotulism

• NeurotoxinNeurotoxin RicinRicin

• Blocks protein Blocks protein synthesissynthesis

• Onset 8-24 hoursOnset 8-24 hours Staphylococcal Staphylococcal

enterotoxinsenterotoxins• Sudden onset of high Sudden onset of high

fever, headache, & fever, headache, & chills in aerosol chills in aerosol exposuresexposures

Review QuestionReview Question

Mass casualty tags Mass casualty tags for stretcher for stretcher patients are placed patients are placed on the patient’s:on the patient’s:A. StretcherA. StretcherB. AnkleB. AnkleC. WristC. WristD. neckD. neck

Review QuestionReview Question

Mass casualty tags for Mass casualty tags for stretcher patients are placed stretcher patients are placed on the patient’s:on the patient’s:A. StretcherA. Stretcher

B. AnkleB. AnkleC. WristC. WristD. neckD. neck

Review QuestionReview Question

What are the three principle routes of What are the three principle routes of exposure for chemical hazardous exposure for chemical hazardous materials?materials?

A. Feet, hands and lungsA. Feet, hands and lungs

B. Roads, farms and industrial plantsB. Roads, farms and industrial plants C. Inhalation, skin absorption and C. Inhalation, skin absorption and

ingestioningestion D. Inhalation, injection and direct D. Inhalation, injection and direct

contact contact

Review QuestionReview Question

What are the three principle routes of What are the three principle routes of exposure for chemical hazardous exposure for chemical hazardous materials?materials?

A.A. Feet, hands and lungsFeet, hands and lungs

B.B. Roads, farms and industrial plantsRoads, farms and industrial plants

C.C. Inhalation, skin absorption Inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion and ingestion

D.D. Inhalation, injection and direct contactInhalation, injection and direct contact

Review QuestionReview Question Important information about hazardous Important information about hazardous

chemicals which is supplied by the chemicals which is supplied by the manufacturer can be found on:manufacturer can be found on:

A. Truck placardsA. Truck placardsB. Material safety data sheetsB. Material safety data sheetsC. Packing containersC. Packing containersD. Shipping manifestsD. Shipping manifests

Review QuestionReview Question Important information about Important information about

hazardous chemicals which is hazardous chemicals which is supplied by the manufacturer can be supplied by the manufacturer can be found on:found on:

A. Truck placardsA. Truck placardsB. Material safety data sheetsB. Material safety data sheetsC. Packing containersC. Packing containers D. Shipping manifestsD. Shipping manifests

Questions?