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AGREE or

DISAGREE?What’s your understanding of

EVOLUTION?

http://a4.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fit,cs_srgb,dpr_1.0,h_1200,q_80,w_1200/MTE5NDg0MDU0OTM4NjE3MzU5.jpg

Humans evolved from monkeys.

Statement 1.

Reasons for AGREE Reasons for DISAGREE

0% 100%

● Outcompeted by humans

● Humans and monkeys are evolving at the same time

● Humans share a common ancestor

● Fossil record, evidence shows something different

Evolution is just a theory.

Statement 2.


47%

● Not 100% certain that evolution occurred

● Can’t know everything about how evolution evolved

● Can’t be tested to be proven

53%

● We can see it happening (skinks)

● Evidence to support the theory

● Speculation but there is evidence

● Homologous structures - evidence for evolution

Humans are no longer evolving.

Statement 3.


0% 100%

● Random mutations are the raw material for evolution and mutations are happening

● Why would it stop?

● Childhood illnesses that undergo selective pressures

● Natural selection has slowed due to medicine

● Surroundings are constantly changing so natural selection is still happening

● Still evolving - lactose tolerance/intolerance

Evolution only occurs slowly over millions of years.

Statement 4.


41%

● Changes within families will lead to changes generationally

● Haven’t seen it happening

59%

● Antibiotics and superbugs have an effect, but it doesn’t take millions of years

● 1 organism with a change that is selected for can initiate change within a population

● Bacteria reproduces quickly… evolution can occur over generations because time can be short or long depending on reproductive timeline

● Invasive species outcompete native populations quickly

Evolution is just about mutation and selection.

Statement 5.


71%

● Sickle cell anemia is caused by a single nucleotide mutation and has resulted in a 3 genotypes (HH, HS, SS) confer an advantage in different environmental conditions (i.e., heterozygous advantage in environments where malaria is prevalent)

● Mutations cause changes in individuals resulting in phenotypes that are selected for/against in a population, and this leads to changes over generations

29%

● Evolution has to do with thinking… tool use, etc. not a result of mutation

● Sometimes traits that are beneficial don’t end up in the population

Evolution is random.

Statement 6.


18%

● Stalk-eyed ants have a trait that has implications for fitness and resulted from a random mutation. In this way, evolution is random… there was no way to predict that this trait would be favorable

● Mutations can be neutral or beneficial or unfavorable… evolution cannot predict the outcome or predict what mutation will occur or its effect

● Organisms don’t tell themselves to mutate so evolution isn’t “directed” to produce a certain outcome

82%

● All adaptations are meaningful and have an equal likelihood to affect a change in a population

● Evolution causes shifts in phenotype frequencies. Phenotypes are traits that help an organism survive or die, and therefore are not random

● If evolution is random, then all traits have an equal chance of persisting in a population. In other words, there is no selective pressure for/against a phenotype

● If a trait is not beneficial, then the organism dies, and the phenotype does not get passed on

● We cannot predict how the Initial species will evolve… In this way, evolution is unpredictable, not random

Evolution is goal-oriented.

Statement 7.


35%

● Evolution must be “goal-oriented” because its driving force is increased species fitness and survivability

● The goal of evolution is species survival

65%

● To be “goal-oriented” implies that perfection within a species is an achievable and realistic endpoint

● Vestigial structures are evidence that there is no end goal or “perfect state.” If there was, why would structures that are remnants persist and not disappear completely?

Organisms get better due to evolution.

Statement 8.


12%

● If a trait isn’t beneficial, then the individual will die and the trait will disappear. In this way, organisms get better through evolutionary change

● Organisms NEED to evolve to fit with a changing environment otherwise they will die

88%

● Define better!

● Phenotypes don’t necessarily make the species better as much as they increase the odds of organism survival

● Organisms are well-fit (adapted) to their environment, not “better” (ex. Fish are well adapted to their aquatic environment compared to humans, but that doesn’t make them better than humans)

● Phenotypes that are “expressed” but might not be completely beneficial (Is it “better” to have sickle cell disease or not ? This must be determined by the environment the organism expressing the disease is in, and not just a matter of its presence or absence)

● Vestigial structures… if they made the organism “better” then why did they lose their function?

● Organisms (express phenotypes) adapt to specific needs (that may confer an advantage in that environment)

Individuals evolve.

Statement 9.


18%

● Human growth and development is an example of how individuals change over time

● Evolution requires at least one organism to initiate change

82%

● Mr. Anderson said so… individual mutation but evolution occurs in a population

● The definition of evolution is change in allele and phenotype frequency in a population… it’s effect is on a large scale

● Reproduction is required for characteristics to be passed on

● Many generations are required for evolutionary change to take place

● Evolution can’t happen instantaneously, but can occur in a short generation time (bacteria)

Gene trees and species trees don’t always match so phylogenetics must be inaccurate.

Statement 10.


huh?

All traits are adaptive.

Statement 11.

Reasons for AGREE Reasons for DISAGREE18%

● All traits can change and be inherited by the next generation to help the species evolve

● Since phenotypes are linked to the individual who expresses them, it must be adaptive because they survived. For example, if one trait is beneficial and one is not due to a random mutation, they will both have an effect on the evolution of the species because they will cause the survival or death of the individual.

● Traits will be passed on and will get better (ex. The way the mother raises the child will affect how the child raises its children is an example of “adaptive”)

82%

● Belly buttons are not adaptive, they are an example of a non-adaptive byproduct like the number of fingers on our hand

● To be an adaptation for a particular function, the trait must be heritable, have the function it was selected for, and increase fitness

● Color of human blood is not an adaptive trait because it does not confer an advantage to the individual, it is a phenotype that has a neutral effect because it is due to the chemistry of the hemoglobin molecule

● Sickle cell anemia not always “good” but can be a favorable adaptation depending on the environment

Epigenetics shows that Lamarck was correct and Darwin was wrong.

Statement 12.


Darwin wasn’t 100% right ● Darwin’s mechanism of evolution is supported by substantial evidence

● Darwin wasn’t 100% wrong

● Lamarck acquired traits is not right and epigenetics may or may not result in inheritance

● For traits to be adaptive, they must be inherited…. Not all epigenetic phenotypes are inherited, and even when they are, they are lost after a few generations

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