dirty truth

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DIRTY TRUTH ABOUT COAL: Why Yesterday’s Technology Should Not Be Part of Tomorrow’s Energy Future THE For more information: www.Sierraclub.org/coal/ca

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A presentation about the Sierra Club's Beyond Coal Campaign in CA.

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Page 1: Dirty truth

DIRTY TRUTH ABOUT COAL:

Why Yesterday’s Technology Should Not Be Part of Tomorrow’s Energy Future

THE

For more information: www.Sierraclub.org/coal/ca

Page 2: Dirty truth

A W

AK

E UP C

ALL

“Coal is not only the largest fossil fuel reservoir of carbon dioxide, it is the dirtiest fuel. Coal is polluting the world's oceans and streams with

mercury, arsenic and other dangerous chemicals. Our planet is in peril. If we do not

change course, we'll hand our children a situation that is out of their control.”

James Hanson director of Nasa's Goddard

Institute for Space Studies in New York.

Page 3: Dirty truth

Silver Bullet: Beyond Coal

Page 4: Dirty truth

U.S. Coal Rush: Circa 2005

• 150 proposed coal plants

1 billion tons of new annual CO2 emissions

$150-200 billion

• Existing coal plants

Emit 2 billion tons of annual CO2 emissions (out of 6 billion

economy wide)

• Eliminate market for clean energy

Page 5: Dirty truth

Coal Will Swamp Other Efforts

One megawatt of a coal plant = 6,500 tons of CO2 every year

1. California Cars: Cut CO2 emissions in new cars by 25% and SUVs by 18% starting in

2009. If every car & SUV sold in California in 2009 met this standard...

CO2 emissions savings would be offset by one small (350MW) coal plant.

2. Campus Climate Challenge: All college campuses in the U.S. to reduce their CO2

emissions to zero.

CO2 emissions savings would be offset by four medium (500MW) coal plants.

3. RGGI: Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is a cooperative effort by 11 NE states

to reduce their CO2 emissions to 1990 levels by 2014.

CO2 emissions savings would be offset by 14 medium (500MW) coal plants.

Page 6: Dirty truth

Move Beyond Coal

What we’ve accomplished:

• We have already stopped or

stalled 123 plants

Strategy going forward:

• Help block proposed new plants

• Retire existing plants

• End mountaintop removal

• Create healthy economies

through just transitions

Page 7: Dirty truth

• If it can be mined responsibly • If it can be burned cleanly • If it does not worsen climate

change

When considering if coal should be a part of our energy future we need to consider:

Right now, coal meets of these tests.

Page 8: Dirty truth

Toxic Coal Slurry

Mountain Top Removal

Page 9: Dirty truth

CH

EAP

IF YOU

IGN

OR

E SOC

IETAL C

OSTS

Coal in the Southwest is relatively abundant and “societal” costs have, historically, been ignored and given

coal an advantage.

When costs are factored in, coal

becomes non-competitive, especially in a region like the Southwest, which is

abundant in renewable energy resources

“THE TRUE COST OF COAL”

Page 10: Dirty truth

CA

LIFOR

NIA’S S

HA

RE O

F WESTER

N C

OA

L

"The Dineh (otherwise known as Navajo) were stripped of all land title and

forced to relocate. Their land was turned over to the coal companies

without making any provisions to protect the burial or sacred sites that

would be destroyed by the mines. People whose lives were based in their

deep spiritual and life-giving relationship with the land were relocated into

cities, often without compensation, forbidden to return to the land that their

families had occupied for generations. People became homeless with

significant increases in alcoholism, suicide, family break up, emotional

abuse and death. "

-- Marsha Monestersky for the UN Commission on Human Rights and

Women Enacting Change at the UN

Page 11: Dirty truth

BLA

CK M

ESA CO

AL Where does the Coal come from?

•Strip mining began at the Navajo Mine in 1963

•The second mine on Black Mesa was the Kayenta Mine, supplying the Navajo Generating Station

• Mines and plants generated employment, a common complaint on the reservation was that Navajos and Hopis were filling few of the higher-paying jobs.

• On Black Mesa, 80 percent of Navajo people still lack running water, and 50 percent of people on the Navajo and Hopi reservations lack electricity, a huge irony given the massive transmission lines overhead

http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2009/black

-mesa-01-22-2009.html

“Our water has reached irreversible damage, families

face devastating impacts,” said Nicole Horseherder, Navajo

citizen and Black Mesa resident.

Page 12: Dirty truth

BU

RN

ING

TH

E FU

TU

RE

CALIFORNIA’S SHARE IN WESTERN COAL PLANTS – Navajo Generating Station

• Page, Arizona •19.9 million tons of global-warming carbon dioxide ~ 3.2 million cars •5th largest power plant emitter of carbon dioxide •3rd largest emitter of nitrogen oxides (smog causing particulate) • 8 million tons of coal p/y • 25,000 tons of coal per day • 9.1 Billion Gallons of Water

Page 13: Dirty truth

INTER

MO

UN

TAIN

PO

WER P

RO

JECT

CALIFORNIA’S SHARE IN WESTERN COAL PLANTS – Intermountain Power Plant

http://www.flickr.com/photos/19779889@N00/4052563745/

•Delta, Utah •14.5 million tons of global-warming carbon dioxide •28,720 tons per year of Nitrous Oxide •3,520 tons per year of Sulfur Dioxide •260 lbs of Arsenic per year • 140 lbs of lead per year • 260 lbs of chromium per year • 220 lbs of Mercury per year • 1.9 grams of Dioxin per year

•Anaheim’s share of IPP = 13.225%

Page 14: Dirty truth

AN

AH

EIM P

OW

ERED

BY C

OA

L CALIFORNIA’S SHARE IN WESTERN COAL PLANTS – San Juan Generating Station

http://www.flickr.com/photos/40731790@N04/3746946393/

•San Juan Generating Station • Waterflow, NM •Sulfur Dioxide 10,600 tons per year •8 million tons of carbon dioxide •17,200 tons of Nitrous Oxide per year •Arsenic 150 lbs per year •Lead 140 lbs per year •Chromium 220 lbs per year •Mercury 640 lbs per year •Dioxin 1.0 lbs per year

•Anaheim’s share of San Juan = 10%

Page 15: Dirty truth

PO

LLUTIN

G TH

E SO

UTH

WEST

CALIFORNIA’S SHARE OF WESTERN COAL PLANTS

• SO2 emitted from California’s share of western coal-fired electricity exceeds the total amount of SO2 emitted from all sources in California

• The amount of NOx emitted from California’s share of western coal is more than ten times the total amount of NOx emitted from all electric utilities in California and is almost as great as the amount of NOx emitted from all on-road motor vehicles in Los Angeles County

• California’s share of the mercury produced from western coal plants is more than 200 times the total amount emitted from all power plants within the state of California

http://www.ceert.org/PDFs/reports/Coalreport.pdf

Page 16: Dirty truth

BLA

CK M

ESA – KA

YENTA M

INE

Health

•U.S. Geological Survey “People living in the Shiprock area more than five times as likely to experience respiratory complaints”

• The American Lung Association estimated that sixteen thousand people in the region (15 percent of the population) suffer from lung disease probably caused by plant emissions.

WHO ARE DIRECTLY AFFECTED

http://www.dinecare.org/pages/carlantapp.html

http://www.dinecare.org/pages/carlantapp.html

Damage to Water Supplies •Between 1969 and 2005 Peabody’s pumping resulted in significant damage to community water supplies with depleted wells and decreased surface flows in area springs and creeks upon which residents and wildlife depend. •150 million tons of coal combustion waste (containing cadmium, selenium, arsenic, and lead) has been dumped in the Navajo and San Juan mines threatening aquifers.

Page 17: Dirty truth

Mercury

Mercury is one of several toxic air pollutants

released into the air by coal-fired power plants.

It enters the water cycle and accumulates in fish.

HO

W W

E AR

E ALL A

FFECTED

Page 18: Dirty truth

Public Health Dangers

• Triggers heart attacks & strokes

• Increases risk of asthma • Irregular heartbeat • Premature death

Public Health Dangers • Like a sunburn in the lungs • Increases risk of asthma • Shortness of breath • Permanent lung damage • Premature death

Environment • Depletes soil nutrients • Destroys forests and crops • Acidification of waters

Environment

• Destroys ecosystems • Weakens plant and tree

growth, making them vulnerable to disease, insects, and extreme weather

• Reduces crop productivity

HO

W W

E AR

E ALL A

FFECTED

Page 19: Dirty truth

SO

LUTIO

NS

“Our planet is in peril. If we do not change course, we'll hand our children a situation that is out of their control.”

WE HAVE SOLUTIONS, WE CAN REBUILD AND INVEST IN THE FUTURE!

Wind Power

Geothermal

“We can be the Saudi Arabia of sun”

Page 20: Dirty truth

EN

ERG

Y EFFIC

IENC

Y WILL C

REA

TE LO

CA

L JOB

S Energy Efficiency

Beyond wind, solar, and geothermal power, a way of supplying

energy needs existed that was even more competitive and

plentiful: efficiency and conservation measures.

Page 21: Dirty truth

Create Clean Energy Careers Now!

• We can create economic prosperity

• Reduce our dependence on foreign oil and coal,

and tackle global warming and pollution

• Creating a strong grassroots base willing to take

on the millions Big Oil and Coal spend on lobbying

Washington in order to create healthy and just communities.

Page 22: Dirty truth

TAK

E AC

TION

TAKING IT TO OUR COMMUNITIES

We will work with communities in the Southwest to protect our mountains, lands and waters by keeping coal reserves in the ground.

We will: 1. Educate our communities about the “true costs of coal”

2. Educate policy-makers about the types of energy we want the utility to invest in for our future.

3. Work with the communities affected by our pollution and support their work to clean up the Southwest

Decision-makers Join us!

Page 23: Dirty truth

WE HAVE A VOICE

1. Stop the construction of dirty, new coal plants by educating investors and decision makers about the economic and environmental risks of investing in new coal

2. Retire old plants that are the worst contributors to health-harming soot and smog pollution and replace them with clean energy solutions

3. Work with communities to protect our mountains, lands and waters by keeping our vast coal reserves in the ground.

Implement AB32 and the expanded Renewable Portfolio Standards so that:

1) economic benefits flow to California’s workers and businesses

2) related workforce training programs benefit from adequate funding for state-of-the art equipment and proper design

of new processes and systems.

Page 24: Dirty truth

“If there’s no action before 2012, that’s too late. What we do in the next two to three years will determine our future. This is the

defining moment.” Rajendra Pachauri, Chairman,

United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change November 17, 2007