director's report to the national advisory council on - powerpoint

Director’s Report to theNational Advisory Council

on Drug Abuse

Director’s Report to theNational Advisory Council

on Drug Abuse May 16, 2007 May 16, 2007

Director’s Report to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse

Director’s Report to the National Advisory Council on Drug Abuse

Budget UpdateBudget Update

Recent NIDA ActivitiesRecent NIDA Activities

What’s New @ NIH?What’s New @ NIH?

NIDA BUDGETNIDA BUDGET(Thousands)(Thousands)

Increase Increase Over Over Prior YearPrior Year

Increase Increase Over Over Prior YearPrior Year

AIDSAIDSAIDSAIDS

TOTALTOTALTOTALTOTAL

NonAIDSNonAIDSNonAIDSNonAIDS $693,282 $693,282

$313,137 $313,137

2005Actual2005

Actual

$1,006,419$1,006,419

+1.2%+1.2%

$698,976$698,976

$299,882$299,882

2006Actual2006

Actual

$998,858 $998,858

-0.8%-0.8%

2007C.R.2007C.R.

$699,349

$300,073

$999,422

$699,349

$300,073

$999,422

+0.1% +0.1%

2008P.B.

2008P.B.

$699,908

$300,457

$1,000,365

+0.1%

$699,908

$300,457

$1,000,365

+0.1%

$0

$2

$4

$6

$8

$10

$12

$14

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Fiscal YearSolicited Unsolicited

RPG* Funding, Unsolicited and SolicitedRPG* Funding, Unsolicited and Solicited

* Research Projects are part of research grants, limited to activity codes R01, R03, R15, R21, R22, R23, R29, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R55, R56, P01, P42, PN1, UC1, U01, U19 and DP1. No NLM awards are considered to be research projects. Solicited awards are responses to Requests for Applications (RFA’s).

Fu

ndin

g (i

n bi

llio

ns)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Fiscal Year

Succ

ess

Rat

e

Solicited Unsolicited

* Research Projects are part of research grants, limited to activity codes R01, R03, R15, R21, R22, R23, R29, R33, R34, R35, R36, R37, R55, R56, P01, P42, PN1, UC1, U01, U19 and DP1. No NLM awards are considered to be research projects. Solicited awards are responses to Requests for Applications (RFA’s).

Success Rates of Solicited and Unsolicited Competing RPG* Applications

Responses to Requests for Applications NIH New (Type 1) Research Project Grant Awards

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Institute/Center

Pe

rce

nt

of

To

tal

FY 1998 FY 2006

I/C’s are arrayed by percent of funding for new RPG’s spent for responses to program announcements in FY 2006

NIDA DashboardNIDA Dashboard

New PIs New PIs

Medicinal Chemists-- Recruitment

-- Training

Medicinal Chemists-- Recruitment

-- Training

CollaborationsCollaborations?? ??

??

FY 2008 Budget HearingsFY 2008 Budget Hearings

• March 1, 2007 -- House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for SAMHSA, NIDA, NIAAA and NIMH

• March 6, 2007 -- House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for NIH

• March 1, 2007 -- House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for SAMHSA, NIDA, NIAAA and NIMH

• March 6, 2007 -- House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for NIH

• March 19, 2007 – Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for NIH

• March 26, 2007 – Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS, and Education FY 2008 Budget for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research

• March 19, 2007 – Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS and Education Hearing on FY 2008 President’s Budget Request for NIH

• March 26, 2007 – Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, HHS, and Education FY 2008 Budget for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research

IC Directors’ Retreat – May 17-18, 2007Roadmap II

IC Directors’ Retreat – May 17-18, 2007Roadmap II

Top 5 TopicsTop 5 Topics Strategic Planning GroupsStrategic Planning Groups

1) Microbiome2) Protein Capture/Proteome Tools3) Phenotyping Services, Tools4) Inflammation5) Epigenetics

1) Microbiome2) Protein Capture/Proteome Tools3) Phenotyping Services, Tools4) Inflammation5) Epigenetics

a) Training/Careersb) Health Disparities c) Science of Science d) Pharmacogenomics

a) Training/Careersb) Health Disparities c) Science of Science d) Pharmacogenomics

Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulate How Genetic Information Is Expressed Across Development,

Tissue, Environment and Disease States

Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulate How Genetic Information Is Expressed Across Development,

Tissue, Environment and Disease States

00

500500

10001000

15001500

20002000

25002500

30003000

35003500

40004000

45004500

19901990 19921992 19941994 19961996 19981998 20002000 20022002 20042004 20062006

Epigenetics Epigenetics + Disease

Citations for Epigenetics Citations for Epigenetics DNA Methylation –

silences gene

Histone Modification – methylation, acetylation, or phosphorylation

Non coding RNA

DNA Methylation – silences gene

Histone Modification – methylation, acetylation, or phosphorylation

Non coding RNA

Epigenetic Marks Are Altered in Common Brain Disorders Including Addiction

Epigenetic Marks Are Altered in Common Brain Disorders Including Addiction

Timeline for Epigenetics Program

RM/IC Projects

Technology Development

RFA#3

Data Management Center

Mapping Centers

JUMPSTART

FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12

RFA#1

RFA#4

RFA#2

FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17

• 24 comprehensive reference epigenomes • Cell/tissue variation assessed• New Ab reagents for epigenomics• Public resource (cells/tissue, data, tools)

• International Consortium• Standardization• Reagents (Abs)

• Establish/maintain public data resource (via NCBI)• New tools for data integration, analysis, and viewing

Develop/adapt new tools, application to RM and IC projects

RFA1 RFA2 RFA3 RFA4 RFA5

Co-fund up to 15 IC-based programs

RFA1 RFA2 RFA3 RFA4

FY07

TR

AN

SIT

ION

to

ICs

National Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institute on Drug Abuse

Special Populations OfficeSpecial Populations Office

Division of Basic Neurosciences

& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office of Planning& Resource

Management


Management

Office of Science Policy & Communications


Intramural ResearchProgram


Division ofEpidemiology,

Services & Prevention Research



Division ofPharmacotherapies &Medical Consequences

of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse

Center for theClinical Trials

Network


Network

Teresa Levitin, PhDTeresa Levitin, PhD Donna M. Jones(Acting)

Donna M. Jones(Acting)

Timothy Condon, PhDTimothy Condon, PhD Betty Tai, PhDBetty Tai, PhD

David Shurtleff, PhDDavid Shurtleff, PhD Frank Vocci, PhDFrank Vocci, PhD Wilson Compton, MD, MPEWilson Compton, MD, MPE Barry Hoffer, MD, PhDBarry Hoffer, MD, PhD

Office of the DirectorOffice of the DirectorNora D. Volkow, MDNora D. Volkow, MD

Director Director

Timothy P. Condon, Ph.D.Timothy P. Condon, Ph.D.Deputy DirectorDeputy Director

Donna M. JonesDonna M. JonesExecutive Officer (Acting)Executive Officer (Acting)

Division of ClinicalNeuroscience &

Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research

Joseph Frascella, PhDJoseph Frascella, PhD

Director, AIDS ResearchDirector, AIDS ResearchDirector, AIDS ResearchDirector, AIDS Research

05

101520253035404550

AIDSExtramural

Non-AIDSExtramural

Oct-04 Jan-05 May-05 Oct-05 Jan-06 May-06

Success Rates for AIDS Extramural and Non-AIDS Extramural

Per

cen

t

Strategies of NIDA’s Investment on AIDSStrategies of NIDA’s Investment on AIDS

1. NIDA Staff Meetings to identify priority areas

• March 12, 2007• April 9, 2007

2. Scientific Meeting of Experts May 8-9, 2007

1. NIDA Staff Meetings to identify priority areas

• March 12, 2007• April 9, 2007

2. Scientific Meeting of Experts May 8-9, 2007

Uncommitted FundsUncommitted Funds

FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10

$40M$40M$58M$58M $65M$65M ~$60M~$60M ~$60M~$60M

In collaboration with:National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentNational Institute of Mental HealthCenters for Disease Control and Prevention

Changing Nature of the HIV Epidemic

• Infrastructure:facilitate access to existing cohorts (ALIVE, MLS)proteomic analysisanimal models

• Innovative research:Avant-Garde Award (equivalent to Pioneer Award)

• International:Create clinical and basic research networksTraining: e.g., Invest Fellows/China/CTNIntegrate research with NIAID international networks

• Infrastructure:facilitate access to existing cohorts (ALIVE, MLS)proteomic analysisanimal models

• Innovative research:Avant-Garde Award (equivalent to Pioneer Award)

• International:Create clinical and basic research networksTraining: e.g., Invest Fellows/China/CTNIntegrate research with NIAID international networks

HIV/AIDS MechanismsHIV/AIDS Mechanisms




& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs










of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse


Network


Network

Teresa Levitin, PhDTeresa Levitin, PhD Timothy Condon, PhDTimothy Condon, PhD Betty Tai, PhDBetty Tai, PhD



Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research


Director, AIDS ResearchDirector, AIDS Research

DESPRDESPR


Director Director




Management


Management



Convergence of HIV Seroprevalence Among Injecting and Non-injecting Drug Users

Convergence of HIV Seroprevalence Among Injecting and Non-injecting Drug Users

00

55

1010

1515

2020

Current InjectorsCurrent Injectors Non-InjectorsNon-Injectors

HIV

Pre

vale

nce

HIV

Pre

vale

nce

13%13%

CI 12-15%CI 12-15%12%12%

CI 9-16%CI 9-16%

Drug Treatment ProgramDrug Treatment Program(n=2121 2001-2004)(n=2121 2001-2004)

Respondent-Driven Sampling Respondent-Driven Sampling (n=448 2004)(n=448 2004)

00

55

1010

1515

2020

Current InjectorsCurrent Injectors Non-InjectorsNon-Injectors

15%15%CI 11-19%CI 11-19%

17%17%

CI 12-21%CI 12-21%

Source: Des Jarlais et al AIDS, 21: 231-235, 2007.Source: Des Jarlais et al AIDS, 21: 231-235, 2007.




& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs










of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse


Network


Network




Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research



DCNBRDCNBR


Director Director




Management


Management



Young caucasians are at elevated HIV risk when they engage in risky behaviors; whereas young AA are at high risk even when their behaviors are normative.

Young caucasians are at elevated HIV risk when they engage in risky behaviors; whereas young AA are at high risk even when their behaviors are normative.

Source: Hallfors et al Am J Public Health. 2007 97:125-32, 2007. Source: Hallfors et al Am J Public Health. 2007 97:125-32, 2007.

Caucasian (n=6257)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Few partners, low ATODFew partners, low ATOD

Binge drinkingBinge

drinkingTHC useTHC use

Multiple partnersMultiple partners

Sex moneySex

moneyIDUIDU MSMMSM Drug

useDrug

use

AA (n=2449)

Pre

vale

nce

HIV

/ST

D

National Longitudinal Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. 18 to 26 years old

Sexual & Drug Behavior Patterns & HIV & STD: Racial Disparities

Sexual & Drug Behavior Patterns & HIV & STD: Racial Disparities




& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs










of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse


Network


Network




Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research



DBNBRDBNBR


Director Director




Management


Management



Effects of Statins on the Interactions of HIV-1-Infected T Cells with Neurons With and Without ETOH on the

Oxidative Stress Marker, Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70)

Effects of Statins on the Interactions of HIV-1-Infected T Cells with Neurons With and Without ETOH on the

Oxidative Stress Marker, Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70)

0.3% EtOH

Statins Protect Human Neurons against EtOH- & HIV Type 1-Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Source: Acheampong et al. J Virol. 81:1492-1501, 2007.

Statins Protect Human Neurons against EtOH- & HIV Type 1-Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Source: Acheampong et al. J Virol. 81:1492-1501, 2007.

Ator, atorvastatin; Simva, simvastatin




& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs










of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse


Network


Network




Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research


Director, AIDS ResearchDirector, AIDS ResearchUpdate from Dr. Betty Taithis morning

Update from Dr. Betty Taithis morning


Director Director




Management


Management



CCTNCCTN

• 1,000,000 people in USA are infected with HIV

– 40,000 new cases each year

– 25 % of persons with HIV are unaware they are infected

– ¼ of persons who test HIV+ fail to return to receive results

• CDC now recommends offering routine HIV testing to persons at risk for HIV

• 1,000,000 people in USA are infected with HIV

– 40,000 new cases each year

– 25 % of persons with HIV are unaware they are infected

– ¼ of persons who test HIV+ fail to return to receive results

• CDC now recommends offering routine HIV testing to persons at risk for HIV

Integrating HIV Rapid Testing and Counseling Integrating HIV Rapid Testing and Counseling into Drug Treatmentinto Drug Treatment

• FDA approved • blood from a finger

stick or oral fluid • 20 minutes• $12-15/kit• can be done by

counselors

• FDA approved • blood from a finger

stick or oral fluid • 20 minutes• $12-15/kit• can be done by

counselors

HIV Rapid TestHIV Rapid Test




& Behavior Research


& Behavior Research

Office ofExtramural

Affairs

Office ofExtramural

Affairs










of Drug Abuse


of Drug Abuse


Network


Network




Behavioral Research


Behavioral Research



DPMCDADPMCDA


Director Director




Management


Management



Injectable Sustained-Release Naltrexone for Opioid Dependence Treatment

Injectable Sustained-Release Naltrexone for Opioid Dependence Treatment

Sustained release naltrexone produced a robust, dose-related increase in treatment retention and in drug-free urines in

heroin dependent subjects (n=60)

Source: Comer et al., Arch Gen Psychiatry. 63:210-218, 2006.

Sustained release naltrexone produced a robust, dose-related increase in treatment retention and in drug-free urines in

heroin dependent subjects (n=60)

Source: Comer et al., Arch Gen Psychiatry. 63:210-218, 2006.

Brain Imaging Drug Use Prevention Messages (R21)

(RFA-DA-07-007) – 16 ApplicationsDCNBR and DESPR

Brain Imaging Drug Use Prevention Messages (R21)

(RFA-DA-07-007) – 16 ApplicationsDCNBR and DESPR

Mechanisms of Drug Abuse Interactions with HIV Neuropathogenesis

(R01--RFA-DA-07-002) – 14 Applications (R21--RFA-DA-07-003) – 13 Applications

Mechanisms of Drug Abuse Interactions with HIV Neuropathogenesis

(R01--RFA-DA-07-002) – 14 Applications (R21--RFA-DA-07-003) – 13 Applications

Extinction and Pharmacotherapies for Drug Addiction

(R01--RFA-DA-07-010) -- 15 Applications (R03--RFA-DA-07-011) -- 12 Applications

Extinction and Pharmacotherapies for Drug Addiction

(R01--RFA-DA-07-010) -- 15 Applications (R03--RFA-DA-07-011) -- 12 Applications

Design, Synthesis, and Preclinical Testing of Potential Treatment Agents for

Drug Addiction (R01) (RFA-DA-07-006) – 30 Applications

Design, Synthesis, and Preclinical Testing of Potential Treatment Agents for

Drug Addiction (R01) (RFA-DA-07-006) – 30 Applications

Development of Immunotherapeutic Products for the Treatment of

Methamphetamine Addiction (U01)(RFA-DA-07-004) – 5 Applications

Development of Immunotherapeutic Products for the Treatment of

Methamphetamine Addiction (U01)(RFA-DA-07-004) – 5 Applications

Recent and Upcoming Meetings,Conferences and Events

Recent and Upcoming Meetings,Conferences and Events

The Addiction Project’s Audience is estimated to beover 50 million impressions…and counting

The Addiction Project’s Audience is estimated to beover 50 million impressions…and counting

• Including…

• HBO Channels – over 13 million viewers

• HBO on Demand – nearly 1 million orders

• DVD – more than 30,000 sold

• Companion Book – over 7,000 sold

• Podcasts – over 380,000 downloads

• Online – hbo.com/addiction, AOL & cable affiliate websites – over 600,000 video streams & 2.9 million page views

• Local & National Outreach Parties & Screenings – over 32,000 people attended

• TV Media Coverage: 35 million viewers (including The Oprah Winfrey Show, Good Morning America, The View, Lou Dobbs, Larry King Live…)

• Including…

• HBO Channels – over 13 million viewers

• HBO on Demand – nearly 1 million orders

• DVD – more than 30,000 sold

• Companion Book – over 7,000 sold

• Podcasts – over 380,000 downloads

• Online – hbo.com/addiction, AOL & cable affiliate websites – over 600,000 video streams & 2.9 million page views

• Local & National Outreach Parties & Screenings – over 32,000 people attended

• TV Media Coverage: 35 million viewers (including The Oprah Winfrey Show, Good Morning America, The View, Lou Dobbs, Larry King Live…)

Timothy P. Condon, Ph.D.Deputy Director, NIDA

Gregory Brigham, Ph.D.CRO, Maryhaven

Dennis McCarty, Ph.D.Oregon Health Sciences University

ACNP

American College of NeuropsychopharmacologyLiaison Committee

American College of NeuropsychopharmacologyLiaison Committee

Opportunities and Impediments to Drug Development for

Alcoholism and Other Substance Abuse

The National Press ClubWashington, D.C.

May 20, 2007

Opportunities and Impediments to Drug Development for

Alcoholism and Other Substance Abuse

The National Press ClubWashington, D.C.

May 20, 2007