directions in watershed modelling modelling of temporary … · 2004. 9. 7. · directions in...

Directions in Watershed modelling

Modelling of temporary streams in the Mediterranean

Modelling of temporary streams in the Mediterranean

Jochen FroebrichWater Quality Protection and ManagementProf. Dr.-Ing. habil. Herwig LehmannUniversity of Hannover

• general aspects

• current activities

• SWAT related activities

• actual conclusions

Introduction of the EU project

Presentation overview

tempQsimtemptempQQsimsim

Outline of future priorities

Introducing the problem

time

wat

er le

vel

sediment

transport

evaporationaccumulation

sediment relatedquality dynamics:

resuspensiontransport

•accumulation•build up of organic matter•transformation•nutrient cycling•bioturbation

micriobiological transformations

state of the art state of the art

necessary innovation and improvement

idealized seasonal sequence

general aspects

Biofilms

Interstitial nutrient concentrations

sediment processes

scope of activities

Evaluation and improvement of water quality modelsfor application to temporary watersin Southern European catchments


EVK1-CT-2002-00112

• To define requirements to be met by water quality models

• To develop and test hydrological modules

• To develop and adjust sediment modulesto assess accumulation, resuspension and transformation processes

• To modify and improve water quality models

• To apply and verify the modified models

general aspects

tempQsimtemptempQQsimsimObjectives

• duration: Nov 2002 - Oct 2005

• 14 participants (9 countries)

Basic information tempQsimtemptempQQsimsim

ItalyEC JRC-ISPRASpainCSIC

UKUniv. LeedsItalyIRSA

GermanyUniv. EssenPortugalIMAR

ItalyHydrocontrol SwitzerlandEAWAG

GreeceNCMRGreeceTUC Crete

Bulgaria UACEG SofiaUKCEH Wallingford

FranceMSEMGermanyUniv. Hannover

• part of the CATCHMOD cluster

general aspects

Process analysis:Hydrology and water quality dynamics

at flow periods

Process analysis:Hydrology and water quality dynamics

at flow periods

programming tempQsim modules andmodel improvement

programming tempQsim modules andmodel improvement

Process analysis:Channel bed processes

Process analysis:Channel bed processes

Assessment:current and improved models

Assessment:current and improved models

general aspects

tempQsimtemptempQQsimsimWorkpackages

SWAT HSPF CASCADE ATHYS-POL PESERA EUROSEM

DEGEBE PT CEH LEEDS

ALBUJON HE/HAN CEH LEEDS

VENE EAU EAU LEEDS

VALLCEBRE EAU/ES ES

FLUMENDOSA IRSA EAU LEEDS

TAGLIAMENTO

KRATHIS HE LEEDS

ISKAR BUL

tempQsimtemptempQQsimsimModel testing concept

general aspects

general aspects

case study sites tempQsimtemptempQQsimsim

Extremly flushy behaviour

Krathis (Greece)

Hydrology

scope of activities

Detritus accumulation, terrestrial erosion

Albujon (Spain)

Albujon (Spain)

scope of activities

Irrigation impact

Exfiltration of ground/ subsurface water assumed,accumulation of nutrients

Albujon (Spain)

scope of activities

Albujon (Spain)

instream mass removal

Long term accumulation of nutrients

scope of activities

Degebe (Portugal)

Pool formation

lenthic systems

intensive biological transformations

scope of activities

Flumendosa (Italy)

surface runoff nutrient flushing

Algae blooms

Eutrophication

scope of activities

• acquisition of rainfall, runoff data

• providing basis information for catchment models

• characterisation of dry and wet periods

• specific contraction and expansion studies at Tagliamento (Tockner at al.)

Providing hydrological basic information

flow period: water quantity and water quality

current activities

Precipitation

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

01.0

1.19

96

01.0

5.19

96

01.0

9.19

96

01.0

1.19

97

01.0

5.19

97

01.0

9.19

97

01.0

1.19

98

01.0

5.19

98

01.0

9.19

98

01.0

1.19

99

01.0

5.19

99

01.0

9.19

99

01.0

1.20

00

01.0

5.20

00

01.0

9.20

00

01.0

1.20

01

01.0

5.20

01

01.0

9.20

01

01.0

1.20

02

01.0

5.20

02

01.0

9.20

02

01.0

1.20

03

date

Pre

cip

itat

ion

[m

m]

precipitation CA 21 ( mm ) TOT

precipitation CA 21 ( mm ) MAX







precipitation TP 81 ( mm ) TOT

precipitation TP 81 ( mm ) MAX

(Data source: Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario)

Precipitation variability

Processing of available dataAlbujon, SE Spain

current activities

• plausibility checks• detailed studies at

Tagliamento (Tockner et al.)• first characterisation of

sediments

Channel bed processes

Al7

Al1

Al8

Al9

Al2,3

Al10Al5 Al6

Al4

La Puebla

El Estrecho

Mar Menor

Al11

Fuente Alamo

La Murta

Torre Pacheco

Paso Estrecho

Rambla de la Albujon

Rambla de la Murta

Al7

Al1

Al8

Al9

Al2,3

Al10Al5 Al6

Al4

La Puebla

El Estrecho

Mar Menor

Al11

Fuente Alamo

La Murta

Torre Pacheco

Paso Estrecho

Rambla de la Albujon

Rambla de la Murta

4675,8Al5

1505,8Al4

total P [mgP/kg]OM [%]sample

6472,8Al11

7846,5Al6

2351,9Al10

2071,6Al2

12602,8Al9

26407,6Al8

3421,4Al1

6861,2Al7

Albujon, SE Spain

current activities

• A physically based model to estimate soil erosion rates at 250-1000 m resolution across Europe

• Based on a partition of precipitation to forecast overland flow runoff etc from– Climate, land use and topography

• Embedded in GIS for data layers and visualisation

• Developed since 1985 and in EU projects– MEDALUS I, II, III, MODEM– DESERTLINKS, PESERA, tempQsim(M. Kirkby et al., 2002)

Modelling of erosive mass inputs

The PESERA/RDI model

current activities

Main research aims :

• water management and pollution control

• to enhance the water quality of Mulargia reservoir

Antonio Lo PortoAnna Maria De GirolamoFilomena De LucaAnna Barra CaraccioloAlbero PudduMaria Zoppini

Example of SWAT relevant activities I

Application of SWAT to the Mulargia catchment (Sardinia)P6 IRSA, Italy

examples for SWAT application


Processing model input data based on available data

Soil map, Mulargia basin (EAF)

Flumendosa - Campidano hydraulic system

FEATURES

Supplied population: 700.000 in.

Irrigated land: 60.000 ha

Storage capacity: 730 Mm3

stored water at January 7th

2003: 31.468 Mm3


(E.A. Flumendosa)


Relevancy of surface runoff and mass inputs

• processing and inclusion of existing ime series data from the enduser

SWAT activities for the Mulargia study site

• design and execution of specific field campaigns


• analyses of applicability of unmodified SWAT

• contribution to the improvement of the model (WP5)

I NSTITU T DE RECHERC HE PO URLE DEVEL OPPEM ENT

HYDROSCIENCES Joint Research Unit


• water management and pollution control

• to enhance the quality of the Thau lagoon

Marie-George TOURNOUDJean-Louis PERRINBernadette PICOTChristian SALLESChristine GRILLOTClaire RODIER

Example of SWAT relevant activities II

Application of ATHYS-POL and SWAT to the Vene catchment

P8 Hydrosciences (Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CNRS), France

SÈTE

GIGEAN

Fontanilles

Soupié

Mayroual

Nègues-Vaques

Aigues-Vaques

Pallas

N MEDITERRANEAN SEA

MONTBAZIN

THAU La

goon SÈTE

GIGEAN

Fontanilles

Soupié

Mayroual

Nègues-Vaques

Aigues-Vaques

Pallas

NN MEDITERRANEAN SEA

MONTBAZIN

THAU La

goon

VENE catchmentVENE catchment



Overview study site location



extreme runoff events

WWTP

WWTP

WWTP

K

a

L

M b

c N

d

f S

g O

i

V

P

T R

REACH

Sampling Points Rain Gauges

1 km

N

0

h



•detailled field work•automatic sampler installation

• sensitivity of parameters affecting

SWAT activities for the Vene study site

- hydrological response of the catchment, at various spatial scales (the whole catchment, on subcatchments)

• limitation of time step concepts for event modelling

• investigation of potential resuspension

- water quality dynamics at the outlet.

• impact of the high degrees of freedom in the model

- hydrological balance (e.g. interception)

• comparison with results of the ATHYS-POL model



Example of SWAT relevant activities III


• consideration of pool formation and related water quality processes

• to enhance the quality of the Alqueva dam

Ramiro NevesPedro B. GalvãoFrank BraunschweigSibila Sousa

Application of SWAT to the Degebe catchment (Portugal)

P5 IMAR, Portugal


Guadiana River Basin

Degebe River Surface: 67 000 km2 (17% in PT)Flow: 1.900 hm3/year


Overview study site location

SWAT applicationArdila irrigation system

Pedro B. Galvão

Serpa reservoir


Provision of data sets for model testing


Sediment imput to selected outlet (serpa Reservoir)

0,0

20000,0

40000,0

60000,0

80000,0

100000,0

120000,0

140000,0

160000,0

180000,0

Okt.80 Jun.83 Mrz.86 Dez.88 Sep.91 Jun.94 Mrz.97 Dez.99 Aug.02

Sediment imput duringtime step (Tons)

Water Flow To selecte Outlet (serpa Reservoir) [m3/s]

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

Okt.80 Jun.83 Mrz.86 Dez.88 Sep.91 Jun.94 Mrz.97 Dez.99 Aug.02

Water Flow [m3/s]

Serpa reservoir,Ardila irrigation system


preliminary model results

• validation of runoff modelling at Ardila subsystem

• comparison with Pesera (M. Kirkby, Univ. Leeds) and Cascade (D. Cooper, CEH) results

• processing of hydrological data for Degebe study site

• installation of automatic samplers and process studies

• development of model concepts for consideration of dry period and resuspension dynamics

next SWAT activities for the Degebe study site


resuspension and first flush eventsresuspension and first flush events

accumulation of mass in sedimentsby

•remaining and reducing flow conditions•waste water inflow•input from non-point sources

accumulation of mass in sedimentsby

•remaining and reducing flow conditions•waste water inflow•input from non-point sources

biochemical processes•formation and decomposition of OM•nutrient turnover

biochemical processes•formation and decomposition of OM•nutrient turnover

Terrestrial mass inputsmass accumulation, erosion,flushing of fertilizers, fecals

Terrestrial mass inputsmass accumulation, erosion,flushing of fertilizers, fecals

current results and conclusion

• still difficult to consider wide gradient in specificstream characteristics and water management problemsin the Mediterranean adequately in models

• more focus on terrestrial mass accumulation and first flush inputs from organic sediments/adsorbed nutrients

current results and conclusion

• need for better monitoring of bigger run off events

• shallow aquatic systems (lagoons) suffers especially from nutrient inputs


future adressing of water crisis

adapted river and reservoir operationadapted river and reservoir operation

desertification / land use practices

erosion and mass inputs

desertification / land use practices

erosion and mass inputs

hydrological variability

hydrological variability

first flush dynamicsnutrientssalinitytoxic pollutants

first flush dynamicsnutrientssalinitytoxic pollutants

adequate modelling tools

pollution reduction and increased availability of safe water resources

Directions in Watershed modelling

directions in watershed modelling modelling of temporary … · 2004. 9. 7. · directions in...

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