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Digital Soil Mapping Thorsten Behrens Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen [email protected] Graz, 12.10.2009

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Page 1: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingThorsten Behrens

Eberhard KarlsUniversität

[email protected] Graz, 12.10.2009

Page 2: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 3: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

global climate change food production

floods and droughtswater quality

soil degradation

bio-fuels

soil carbon sequestration shallow geothermal resourcesland use change

Page 4: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Page 5: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Scale large1:5,000; 1:10,000

medium1:25,000; 1:50,000

small1:100,000 –1:300,000

Federal State km² 2005 2010 2005 2010 2005 2010

Baden-Wurttemberg 35.752 0 0 25 90 100 100

Bavaria 70.549 0 0 60 100 30 100

Berlin 892 0 0 100 100100 100

Brandenburg 29.478 0 0 4 40

Hamburg 755 0 0 0 0 75 100

Hesse 21.115 0 0 100 100 100 100

Lower Saxony / Bremen 47.620 / 404 85 85 15 90 100 100

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 23.179 0 0 30 100 10 100

North Rhine-Westphalia 34.084 47 70 96 100 50 100

Rhineland-Palatinate 19.853 0 0 65 100 100 100

Saarland 2.569 0 0 5 5 100 100

Saxony 18.415 0 0 30 70 100 100

Saxony-Anhalt 20.446 0 0 80 100 100 100

Schleswig Holstein 15.763 1 1 40 50 99 100

Thuringia 16.172 0 0 10 65 100 100

Germany 357.046 16 18 46 87 76 100

Page 6: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Pedometrics is defined as “the application of mathematical and statistical methods

for the study of the distribution and genesis of soils.”

PedodiversityUncertainty

Interpolation

GeostatistikExtrapolation Data Mining

Digital Terrain Analysis

Sampling

Geophysik

Remote SensingTime-Series

Wavelets

Fuzzy Logic

Page 7: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Page 8: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

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Page 9: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

s = f (s, c, o, r, p, a, n)

= Boden= Klima= Organismen= Relief= Substrat= Zeit= Lage im Raum

f = empirisches Modell (Data Mining)- Regression- Klassifikation- Geostatistik / Kriging

scorpan

Der scorpan Ansatz McBratney et al., 2003

Page 10: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Auf

lösu

ng

Flächendeckunggering hoch

gerin

gho

chDaten

Page 11: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

U. Werban

McBratney et al., 2003

Page 12: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 13: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingBeispiele

pH-Wert / TK 5911

Page 14: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingBeispiele

Bodenformen Pfälzer-Wald

Page 15: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingBeispiele

K-Faktor Rheinland-Pfalz

Page 16: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingBeispiele

Bodenhydrologische Karte des Nahe Einzugsgebietes (Ausschnitt)

Page 17: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 18: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Covariate Data

Soil propertiesSoil functions

Soil threats

Accuracy

Sampling

Soil Data

Digital Mapping

Sensing

Page 19: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 20: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingSampling

Weighted Latin Hypercube Sampling with Extremes

Page 21: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingSampling

Page 22: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingSampling

Page 23: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 24: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingDigitale Relief Analyse

s = f (s, c, o, r, p, a, n)

= Boden= Klima= Organismen= Relief= Substrat= Zeit= Lage im Raum

f = empirisches Modell- Regression- Klassifikation- Geostatistik / Kriging

scorpan

“On Digital Soil Mapping”Relief 83 %Ausgangsgestein 22 %Klima 6 %

Der scorpan AnsatzMcBratney et al., 2003

Page 25: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingDigitale Relief Analyse

Reliefparameter

Schmitt und Dikau, 1999

Page 26: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingDigitale Relief Analyse

Verfahren zur Berechung der Hangneigung

Tobler (1969)Travis et al. (1975)Evans (1980)Horn (1981)Heerdegen and Beran (1982)Haralick (1983)Bauer et al. (1985)Zevenbergen and Thorne (1987)Eyton (1991)

Moore et al. (1993)Costa-Cabral and Burgess (1994)Wood (1996)Tarboton (1997)Dietrich and Montgomery (1998)Shary et al. (2002)Behrens (2003)Shi et al. (2007)…

Lokale Reliefparameter

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Digital Soil MappingDigitale Relief Analyse

Verfahren zur Berechung der beitragendenFläche

Regionale Reliefparameter

Page 28: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Page 29: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingData Mining

Page 30: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Covariate Data

Soil propertiesSoil functions

Soil threats

Accuracy

Sampling

Soil Data

Digital Mapping

Sensing

Page 31: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil Mapping

Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

[email protected]

Graz, 12.10.2009

Page 32: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingDigitale Relief Analyse

Lokale Reliefparameter

Page 33: Digital Soil Mapping - UFZ · Geostatistik Data Mining Extrapolation Digital Terrain Analysis Sampling ... Digital Soil Mapping Digitale Relief Analyse Verfahren zur Berechung der

Digital Soil MappingHintergrund

Boden und Klimawandel- Kohlenstoffspeicher- Ernährungssicherung- Wasserspeicher- Oberflächennahe Geothermie

Großprojekte Bodenkartierung