digital photo retouching and restoration what you need photoshop cs3 on computer tutorial images on...
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Digital Photo Retouching and Restoration
What you need Photoshop CS3 on computer Tutorial images on hard disk Better to use a mouse than the trackball
No Photoshop experience required
First Off
Use WORKSPACE / DEFAULT
The Big Picture
Toolbox
Has mouseovers Letter shows keyboard shortcut
Are additional tools not visible Triangle indicates more tools
Hidden ToolsNo Hidden Tools Hidden Tools Revealed !!
Toolbox (con’t)Tools grouped by function
Tool Options Menu Specific setting for selected tool
Has mouseovers
Palettes
Let’s clean up this a bit
Palettes In Control
Keep it simple
Setup
Settings Palettes In Palette Well
Layers History Channels
EDIT / COLOR SETTINGS RGB : use Adobe RGB (1998)
EDIT / PREFERENCES GENERAL Redo Key: Ctrl+Z History states: 25
Foolin’ With Brushes
FILE / NEW Preset sizes : 4 x 6 inch Contents : White
Select Brush from Toolbox
Foolin’ With Brushes (con’t)
Important Point – you will use this a lot later on !! Foreground /
Background Color Selector Set to pure Black and
White by little mini control Swap Foreground and
Background by curvy arrow gizmo
Foolin’ With Brushes (con’t)
Let’s do some tic-tac-toeLAYER / NEW / LAYER Layer for grid Layer for game
FILE / SAVE Note – Photoshop extension is PSD
Save in this format Can save in JPG, GIF, etc. later
Layers are KEY !!Always leave yourself a way out Don’t touch original photo (layer)
Always Duplicate original photo (layer) and start work on duplicate Layers
Work incrementally Name your Layers in a meaningful way
Layer1, Layer2 is not real useful Can have dozens of Layers on a complex job
Build up effects and restoration as series of LayersLayers have Blending Options and Opacity
The Most Basic Tool - Crop
Can resize with handlesDark area shows what you will loseHit RETURN to commit the Crop or use Check
Commit CropBail
Global Changes: Levels What is the main
problem ? Is this a B&W or RGB
image showing as B&W ?
Examine histogram IMAGE / HISTOGRAM
Add Levels Layer Work with Sliders
Soccer_1894.jpg
Two_Girls_1907.jpg
Global Changes: Multiply
Change Layer properties to build density Multiply
No_Density_St_Petersburg_1907.jp
g
Overexposure
Severe Go forth and Multiply
New Layer to Multiply again Reduce opacity of last Layer if
necessary
Very_Bright_Girl.jpg
Underexposure
Bring out detail in shadowsNew layer Blending Mode = Screen Repeat if necessary by
duplicating Layer Adjust opacity if necessary
Can also use New Layer of Brightness / Contrast Not the best
Same effect applied equally to entire picture
No smart math behind it
Too_Dark.jpg
Semi-Global Changes: Curves
Curves “With great power
comes great responsibility”
Make change only to small tonal regions Ctl-click will place point
on curve Can place 14 points on
curve Can easily overdo it
Woman_In_Dress.jpg
Extreme Color Cast
Bad film processingNeed to try and place a color Several Layer types have cool
little droppers for placing colors !
What color to try and place ?
What can we do with Levels for color problems ? Hint – need to do it three
times
Extreme_Green.jpg
Selection - Constrains The Tool or Effect
IMPORTANT POINT !!Selecting an area (marching ants) means that the Tool will only work in the selected area
Green Brush does not work outside of
selection !
Selection – Many Selection Tools
Squares, circles, polygons, irregular shapes, color-based, contrast-based Most Selection Tool
modified by SHIFT, CTL and ALT keys
Look at menu too !
Just One Selection Tool - Elliptical
Need to pay attention to all this stuff Feather – smoothes the transition
0 pix
5 pix Style
Normal – can select ovals Fixed Aspect Ratio – constrain to circle Fixed Size – can specify exact size
Body Shop – Handle Reduction
Liquify, liquify and liquify some more Most useful tools are at the rightReduce handles warp Pucker
Revert button undos all changesEasily make sullen teenagers smile Bring up corners of
mouth
Handles.jpg
Warp
Bloat
Pucker
Reconstruct (local undo)
Thaw
Freeze
Body Shop - Major SurgeryUnflattering angleReduce backside pucker warp
DanceParty.jpg
Send In The Clones
Clone Tool Makes exact copy of selected area Make empty layer and work on this Especially useful for filling in large areas
that have no detail
Generally Settings = Use All Layers, Aligned Sample frequently Click once
Multiple clicks on same spot loses definition
Use Selection to avoid Cloning out of picture SHIFT (and hold) will Clone in straight line
Cracks.jpg
Heal Tool - Not Your Father’s Clone Tool
Examines texture, color, and luminosity of source. Merges texture from sample area into the color and luminosity of destination area.Only works on a single layerSpreads out effect 10-12 pixels therefore, use hard-edged brush
Avoid alot of resampling, as is typically done with Clone Stamp Sample once, paint often
High contrast areas difficult with HealMay need to change Blending Mode to Lighten or Darken
Heal Away Duplicate background layerReduce opacity to reduce effect of Healing on entire Layer BETTER – can control each
Heal EDIT / FADE (Shift Ctl F)
High contrast areas are trouble Clone instead
Healing_Eyes.jpg
Healing_High_Contrast.jpg
Patch ToolRepair a selected area with pixels from another area or a pattern Matches the texture, luminosity, and color of
the sampled pixels to the source pixels Patch source
Select damaged area and move to good area Patch destination
Select good area and move to damaged Patch from pattern
Create or sample a pattern to use
Patching & Healing
Heal parts of the facePatch from source Select damaged section in
the background, move to undamaged section
Patch from destination Select good section of
sweater and move down Can use Free Transform to
distort area Can also use just plain old
Move
Patch_Tool_Sweater.jpg
The DeBlemishinator
Can use Clone
Can destroy texture Heal
Blending Mode of Lighten (often) Use Hard-Edged Brush
Patch Quick and efficient (another way
of saying lazy)
Continue with eyes Low opacity white brush
Overexpose.jpg
Color CastMany ways to fix color casts
Image / Adjustments / Variations Useful for prints with less extreme color
shifts Color Balance Layer Levels Layer
Individual R, G and B Curves
Find a white point, use dropper Keep going !!
Add Levels Layer, Blending = Multiply Copy background so this layer is just above
original background Zoom 200% so can see speckling. Fix by:
Filter / Noise / Despeckle Filter / Noise / Dust and Scratches
Needs sharpening Duplicate layer with despeckled image Use Unsharp Mask to sharpen !!
Unsharp Mask is the best, use it often
Adriana_1977.jpg
Local Changes: Masking, Gradient
Masking Hide effects of global changes in
certain regions Add Brightness/Contrast layer
Concentrate on lightening houses, do not be concerned about sky
Using the Mask Can add a Mask to Layers that don’t
have a Mask Black blocks layer effects, white
allows layer effect Paint Gradient
SHIFT restrains to 0, 45 and 90 degrees
SkyLine_Wrong_Exposure.jpg
Search and Rescue: Channel Mixer & Individual RGB Levels
Look at channels Often one channel has very poor info
Blue has least info in this print
Two techniques 1 ) Channel Mixer
Add Channel Mixer Layer, Monochrome Increase R & G, Decrease B
Keep going !! Add Levels layer, then save as Version1
What we are about to do will cause us to lose our beloved starting layer. Therefore, we save the image.
Flatten Image (Layer / Flatten Image) Convert to Grayscale (Image / Mode /
Grayscale) Dust and Scratches (Filter / Noise / Dust &
Scratches), save as version 2 2) Levels with each R, G and B channel
Tintype_AnyoneHome.jpg
Look at RGB ChannelsLook at Channels for B&W prints scanned as RGB
Often one Channel is better
Activate the best channel Image / Mode / Grayscale
Select black area above woman Filter / Noise / Dust and Scratches
Clone out womanBorrow nose from left girl
1 px lasso, Ctl J to put on own layer, move, transform
Borrow left side of mouth from right girl Transform, flip horizontal
Scribble.jpg
Fungus and Mold
Fix unimportant areas using Float and move
Select upper sky, 2-5 px feather, avoid straight lines
Copy to new layer, Blending = Lighten, move a few pixels
Try same thing on sidewalk (Blending = Lighten)
Note that lose texture Use Dust & Scratches instead
Maintain texture
Mold.jpg
Hands of Time - Wrinkles
Dodge Tool 5-15% exposure, Midtones
Soft Light Neutral Layer New Layer
Soft White, Fill with neutral color (50%) gray Foreground color to white, Paintbrush
with 5-15% opacity
Don’t rush either of the above, this is a very subtle process
Hands of Time – Wrinkles (con’t)
Patch & Heal Both can make image look
obviously retouched Tip
Neither Patch or Heal Tools have Opacity adjustment
EDIT / FADE to reduce Opacity of last fix
Patch useful for quickly fixing large areas quickly
Wrinkle_Reduction.jpg
Glamor Skin Softening
Duplicate LayerGaussian Blur (Filter / Blur / Gaussian Blur) 3 – 6 pixel blur Reduce opacity
Note – very different effect obtained by doing Gaussian Blur at lower pixel setting and not reducing opacity
Erase sections that should be sharper Eyes & eyebrows Lips ?
Skin_Softening.jpg
Body Shop: Low-Cost Rhinoplasty
Copy nose to layer 10-20 px feather
Free Transform Ctl click allows working
on single corner
Clone out imperfections Nosejob.jpg
The Eyes Have It
WINDOWS / NEW DOC 100% Size – will be working at high
Zoom, see effects here also
Zoom 300% on left eyeRemove discolorization in whites Brush 10% opacity, Normal, sample
3x3 pix for good color (Ctl – click) Brush 70% opacity, Color, sample
for good color
Blood vessels Clone, 20% opacity, Lighten
Eyes.jpg
The Eyes Have It (con’t)
Emphasis iris Burn, 10% opacity, Shadows, and
trace iris rim
More sparkle Dodge to create half-moon opposite
main catchlight
More color to iris Sponge, 20% flow, Saturate
Sorry, Ansel
Need a outdoor, Ansel Adams-type sceneNew Layer – Channel Mixer as shown AnselAdamsHack.jpg
Time Machine and General Fixin’
Work on Hands Area below chin on left
woman White line in center Local repair of a few
wrinkles Color Woman on left too dark
Your choice !!
Two_Grandparents.jpg
Overexposure
Moderate Determine best RGB channel New Channel Mixer Layer,
Monochrome 0% Red, 0% Blue, 100% Green
Change blending to LuminosityOverexpose.jpg
Backlighting
Camera meter fooled Select luminosity
Channels, Control (Command) Click on Channels / RGB
Ctl Alt ~ or Cmd Option ~
Select / Inverse (we are selecting non-luminosity or shadow detail)Copy to new layerScreen modeNew Color Balance Layer, work on flesh tones
Backlighting_Underexposed.jpg
Wrong Temperature “Film”
Fluorescent lighting New Empty Layer Use Eyedropper to select
mid- to highlight with cast Paint Bucket Tool
Fill with offending color Change Blending Mode to
Color Invert color (Image /
Adjustments / Invert) Reduce opacity
Fluorescent_Lighting.jpg
All Torn Up Large and upper-right piece on own
layer Background eraser
Erase pixels to transparency while maintaining edges
Settings control sharpness of edges and deleted pixels
Samples at center (+) and deletes that color inside the circle
Low tolerance limits erase to areas that are very similar to the sampled color. A high tolerance erases a broader range of colors.
Use big piece, hide all other layers, Erase top
Limits = Find Edges Sampling = Contiguous Protect Foreground Color = Not checked
TornUp.jpg
All Torn Up (con’t) Magic Eraser
Erases everything it can find, at once, that is within tolerance Tolerance is as with Background Eraser If Contiguous is not checked, it can erase pixels in the middle of
the print Use upper right piece, other layers not visible
Tolerance = 50%, Contiguous, 100% Opacity Up to here has been saved as TornUp_02.psd Move upper piece. EDIT / TRANSFORM / ROTATE Add Layer Mask to upper piece.
Paint with black, paint lower edge of upper piece, move Using a Layer Mask does not discard any information
Up to here has been saved as TornUp_03.psd
All Torn Up (con’t)
Try to fix seam with Clone Use All Layers, Aligned = Checked This is not working right !!
OK, then try Healing Brush Ugh, this is not working either !!
Why ?? Best to Flatten Image at this point Up to here saved as TornUp_04.psd Finish with Cloning and Healing
Books and Mags Books Photoshop Restoration and Retouching
Katrin Eismann BUY THIS BOOK !!!
Real Work Photoshop David Blatner and Bruce Fraser Quite good
Photoshop Book for Digital Photographers Scott Kelby (has a lot of books) Some useful tips
National Association of Photoshop Professionals http://www.photoshopuser.com/ Put out good magazine, Photoshop User
Links & Plug-ins RetouchPro http://www.retouchpro.com/index.html Great set of images to practice on
Digital Dog http://digitaldog.imagingrevue.com/ See tips section
Planet Photoshop http://www.planetphotoshop.com/ A lot of small tutorials
Applied Science Fiction http://www.asf.com/ Excellent plugins (purchase): ROC, GEM and
SHO
Digital Image Restoration and Retouching
Restoration Levels layers Curves layers RGB Channels for B&W Gradients Scratches RGB channel mixing Color casts Mold and fungus Torn photos
Digital Image Restoration and Retouching
Typical Problems Overexposure Underexposure Hotspots Fluorescent lighting color cast
Retouching Eyes Wrinkles Softening skin Digital diet and body part
“improvement”
Digital Visine
Desaturate with Brush Very quick, but not too
elegant Sponge Tool,
desaturateRedEye.jpg
Digital Visine (con’t) Select and Desaturate
Method Use Magic Wand Copy to New Layer Add Hue / Saturation Layer
Important – check boxes applies effects to previous layer only
Change Blending Mode to Multiply
Reduce Opacity
Local Changes : Gradient for Flash Fade
Flash fade very common New Levels layer Screen Blending Mode
Will lighten entire photo Mask totally
Mask should be all black Hide effects of Screen Blend
Mode Gradient
White foreground Angle in from upper right
corner
Flash_Fade.jpg