digital imaging week 3
DESCRIPTION
Week 3.TRANSCRIPT
Digital Imaging
• Week 3: What IS digital Imaging?
Digital Film• The heart of a digital camera is the
sensor.
Digital Film• The heart of a digital camera is the sensor. • This takes the form of a CCD - a grid of
Charged Coupled Devices.
CCD Grid
Digital Film• The heart of a digital camera is the sensor. • This takes the form of a CCD - a grid of
Charged Coupled Devices.
CCD Grid
•These measure the amount of light.
It’s Black & White
It’s Black & White
It’s Black & White
Red Separation Green Separation Blue Separation
CMYK
CMYK
Cyan
Magenta
Yellow
Black
Understanding Digital Imaging
• Pixels
• Pixels
Each pixels holds 3 bytes of information: red, green & blue.
• Pixels
Each pixels holds 3 bytes of information: red, green & blue.
• Pixels
Each pixels holds 3 bytes of information: red, green & blue.
• Pixels
Each pixels holds 3 bytes of information: red, green & blue.
The Digital Process
The Digital Process Shooting• Image is composed and shutter released
The Digital Process Shooting• Image is composed and shutter released• Light hits the sensors and each receives a slightly different amount of light.
The Digital Process Shooting• Image is composed and shutter released• Light hits the sensors and each receives a slightly different amount of light. • In response to light, each CCD produces an electronic charge - the more light,
the bigger the charge. The sensors are filtered with RGB.
The Digital Process Shooting• Image is composed and shutter released• Light hits the sensors and each receives a slightly different amount of light. • In response to light, each CCD produces and electronic charge - the more light,
the bigger the charge. The sensors are filtered with RGB. • The electronic pulses are collated, converted to digital information and stored
according to their position on the CCD. This uses a special chip called an ADC chip.
The Digital Process Shooting• Image is composed and shutter released• Light hits the sensors and each receives a slightly different amount of light. • In response to light, each CCD produces and electronic charge - the more light,
the bigger the charge. The sensors are filtered with RGB. • The electronic pulse are collated, converted to digital information and stored
according to their position on the CCD. This uses a special chip called an ADC chip.
• This information is stored on the cameras memory card and the camera is ready to take another shot.
The Digital Process Processing & Manipulation
• The digital files are now transferred to your computer. • This can now be enhanced or manipulated using programs like Adobe
Photoshop. • The enhanced picture is then saved to the computers hard drive.
The Digital Process Outputting
Web
Printer
CD/DVDs
What does Mega Pixel really mean?
1536 x 2048 = 3 million
What does Mega Pixel really mean?
2800
pix
els
1536
pix
els
2048 pixels 3008 pixels 4290 pixels
2800 x 4290 = 12 million
2000 x 3008 = 6 million
2000
pix
els
Dots Per InchUsed when printing - pixels are turned into dots per inch and counted by the spread Over the paper.
Dots Per InchUsed when printing - pixels are turned into dots per inch and counted by the spread Over the paper.
DPI Printer dots
Digital & Optical Zoom
Interpolation
• Any means of calculating a new point between two existing data points.
Interpolation
• Any means of calculating a new point between two existing data points is therefore interpolation
Image Formats
• Joint Photographic Experts Group
JPEGS
• Joint Photographic Experts Group
• Can change image size & compression
JPEGS
• Joint Photographic Experts Group
• Can change image size & compression• Good for web & printing
JPEGS
• Joint Photographic Experts Group
• Can change image size & compression• Good for web & printing
• Fit more on a device
JPEGS
• Joint Photographic Experts Group
• Can change image size & compression• Good for web & printing
• Fit more on a device
• Universal file format
JPEGS
Downsides:
• Loss of quality
JPEGS
Downsides:
• Loss of quality
• Less powerful processing
JPEGS
Downsides:
• Loss of quality
• Less powerful processing
• Less control over image
JPEGS
• Processed on computer not camera
RAW
• Processed on computer not camera
• Contain every bit of data recorded
RAW
• Processed on computer not camera
• Contain every bit of data recorded• Large format printing
RAW
• Processed on computer not camera
• Contain every bit of data recorded• Large format printing
• Colours more accurate
RAW
Downsides:
• Much bigger file sizes
RAW
Downsides:
• Much bigger file sizes
• Not always compatible
RAW
Downsides:
• Much bigger file sizes
• Not always compatible
• No preview
RAW
Memory Cards?
•Secure Digital (SD)
•Mini SD
•Micro SD
•Compact Flash I & II (CFI & CFII)
•xD-Picture Card
•Smart Media
•Memory Stick/ Memory Stick Duo
•Internal memory
Downloading
• USB 1.1 & 2.0
• Card reader
• Bluetooth
• Firewire
• Scanning!
Memory Cards
• DON’T TAKE OUT UNTIL CAMERA IS TURNED OFF!!
Memory Cards
• DON’T TAKE OUT UNTIL CAMERA IS TURNED OFF!!
• DON’T PULL OUT USB/CARDS FROM COMPUTER UNTIL EJECTED!!
Saving• Organisation is key!
Saving• Organisation is key!
Folders
Saving• Organisation is key!
Applications
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture, set up our camera, transferred the image
on to the computer, saved and organised it.
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture, set up our camera, transferred the image
on to the computer, saved and organised it.
• Most home computers are ideal for manipulating images.
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture, set up our camera, transferred the image
on to the computer, saved and organised it.
• Most home computers are ideal for manipulating images.
• Photo stores normally won’t tweak images for you
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture, set up our camera, transferred the image
on to the computer, saved and organised it.
• Most home computers are ideal for manipulating images.
• Photo stores normally won’t tweak images for you
• Manipulation can be very subtle, not necessarily any crazy effects! A
bit brighter, a bit more contrast etc.
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture, set up our camera, transferred the image
on to the computer, saved and organised it.
• Most home computers are ideal for manipulating images.
• Photo stores normally won’t tweak images for you
• Manipulation can be very subtle, not necessarily any crazy effects! A bit
brighter, a bit more contrast etc.
• Photoshop elements - only about £60, will provide you with most of
your photographic needs. Photoshop (full version) has more features
but costs about £1000!!!!!
Digital Manipulation
• We’ve composed our picture and set up our camera. Got the image on the
computer, saved and organised it.
• Most home computers are ideal for manipulating images.
• Photo stores normally won’t tweak images for you
• Manipulation can be very subtle, not necessarily any crazy effects! A bit brighter,
a bit more contrast etc.
• Photoshop elements - only about £60, will provide you with most of your
photographic needs. Photoshop (full version) has more features but costs about
£1000!!!!!
• It’s not difficult!!
Some basic digital processing options
• Basic Image
• Dodging & Burning
• Crop & resizing
• Changing Saturation
• White balance
• Adjusting brightness & Contrast
• Retouching or deleting details
• Converting to grayscale
• Adding filters or effects
Scanning
Scanning
Why still scan when we have digital cameras?