digital gazetteer service in context of chinese culture
DESCRIPTION
Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture. Ya-ning Chen, Shu-jiun Chen Han-wei Yen, Hsiung-ming Liaw Computing Centre, Academia Sinica Taipei, Taiwan. Outline. A review of gazetteer standards An approach of constructing Digital Gazetteer for Chinese Culture - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture
Ya-ning Chen, Shu-jiun Chen
Han-wei Yen, Hsiung-ming Liaw
Computing Centre, Academia Sinica
Taipei, Taiwan
![Page 2: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
• A review of gazetteer standards
• An approach of constructing Digital Gazetteer for Chinese Culture
• Achievements and examples
• Future work
![Page 3: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Snapshot1 - ADL• 1990s • The most comprehensive gazetteer content stan
dard in the world.• ADL is a useful basis for information interchan
ge.• A set of Feature Type is also under developmen
t as another important standard to enhance digital gazetteer service, besides content standard.
• An XML-based standard.• Category: 15 (more than 100 elements)
![Page 4: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Snapshot2 - TGN
• 2000 by the J. Paul Getty Trust• A simple set of gazetteer for art, architect
ure and culture.• Besides multiple variant names and place
types, geo-spatial coordinates are also included.
• Name relationships are not constructed clearly, such as see and see also.
![Page 5: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Snapshot3 - MARC
• 1960s• Place-name heading in authority format. (MAR
C formats: bibliographic, authority, holding, and community formats).
• Name relationships (i.e. see and see also) are built up apparently for the purposes of authority control.
• A geographic location is not recorded as an important label for GIS application.
![Page 6: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Snapshot4 - A comparisonADL TGN MARC
Community Geo-spatial DL Museum Library
Elements 15 categories
100 Elements or so
8 elements 10 often-used tags
Source Ref. ☆ ☆ ☆
Variant names ☆ ☆ ☆
Name relationship
☆ ☆
Feature type ☆ ☆
Location Administration – A
Spatial Coordinate - S
A, S A
![Page 7: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Source of Acquisition
• Maps
• Atlas
• Gazetteer
• Field reports
This approach is very similar to TGN.
![Page 8: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Features of Chinese Culture
Geographic spatial is the key information, but the temporal factor is also complicated the digital gazetteer construction and service as follows:
• Multiple variant names and their complicated relationships.
• The same name means for different places.• The same name is across various time periods
with different locations.
![Page 9: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gazetteer
Location
Is located at
Is embodied in
Map
GIS
Is represented by
Name and Type Is with
Place-Name
Is composed of
![Page 10: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Place-Name
Primary Name Variant Name
ADLPrimary/Variant Name
EtymologyLanguage
PronunciationTransliterlationHistorical NoteBeginning Date
Ending Date
Chinese地名名稱 /別稱 /現舊地名
地名意義語言別
地名發音 /錄音地名發音拼寫 /注音或羅馬
命名族群地名沿革文歷史簡述
年代 _起年代 _迄
![Page 11: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Place-Name
Location
Spatial Location
AdminstrativeLocation
Spatial LocationADL
longitudelatitude
west/east/south/northbounding coordinate
Spatial LocationChinese緯度經度地圖標示相關位置
![Page 12: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Place-Name
LocationSpatial Location
AdminstrativeLocation
Administrative LocationADL
AddressCity
State or ProvinceCountry
Administrative LocationChinese所屬縣市鄉鎮市區村里
![Page 13: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Place-Name
Location
MAPChinese圖名圖號比例尺
Map A, B, ….
![Page 14: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Place-Name
Location
Map A, B, ….
GISMap A - 1:50000
Map B - 1:25000
The same place-name can be represented by different maps with various scales in GIS.
![Page 15: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Gazetteer
Map
Location
Place-Name
GIS
Is composed of
Is located at
Is embodied in
Is represented by
Spatial, Admin., etc.
Name authority, Lang.,Etymology, History, etc.
Functionality
![Page 16: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gazetteer
Map
Location
Place-Name
GIS
Is composed of
Is located at
Is embodied in
Is represented by
Time
![Page 17: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Place-Name
The same place-name across different time periods can berepresented by different scale maps in GIS, for instance, Beijing.
At different times
Location A
Map A
Location B
Map B
GIS
Beijing in Yuan Dynasty
Beijing in Ch’ing Dynasty
![Page 18: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Example
![Page 19: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Gazetteer
Map
Location
Place-Name
GIS
Is composed of
Is located at
Is embodied in
Is represented by
TimeFunctionality
The Name relationship isvery rich and importantfor Chinese culture!
![Page 20: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Achievements
• Taiwan Gazetteerhttp://webgis.sinica.edu.tw/placename/
• Chinese Civilization in Time and Spacehttp://ccts.ascc.net/frame.htm
• An XML-based Testbed for ADL(Content Std.)http://webgis.sinica.edu.tw/gaz/
• Chinese Version of ADL (Content Std.)• A Feature Type Set of the Ministry of Interior
Affairs in Taiwan
![Page 21: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Taiwan Gazetteer: GazetteerGazetteer → → GISGIS
![Page 22: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Gazetteer for Chinese HistoryChinese Civilization in Time and Space
![Page 23: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Gazetteer for Chinese HistoryChinese Civilization in Time and Space
![Page 24: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
GISGIS → → GazetteerGazetteer →→ FulltextFulltext
![Page 25: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
GIS GIS → → GazetteerGazetteer → → Union CatalogUnion Catalog
![Page 26: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
GISGIS → → GazetteerGazetteer → → PersonPerson
![Page 27: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
XML-based Testbed for ADL
![Page 28: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Future Work1
• The hybrid approach based on the concept of Application Profile and RDF will be adopted for the use of ADL, TGN and USMARC.
• To extend XML-based ADL (content standard) as a sharing service framework for file exchange and distributed retrieval on digital gazetteer.
• A set of place-name relationship attributes is required to construct.
![Page 29: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Future Work2
• The mechanism and concept of thesaurus control will be employed for developing Feature Type of Chinese culture.
• A mapping connection of Feature Type between ADL and the Ministry of Interior Affairs in Taiwan will be conducted for extended use.
![Page 30: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Future Work3
• Find a solution for solving multilingual issue of syntax and semantic for content standard and feature type, especially for a mapping between English and Chinese language.
• A clearinghouse for digital gazetteer service will be constructed for enhancing collaboration and interoperability, such as ADL and ECAI.
![Page 31: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Future Work4
• More projects within the National Digital Archives Program in Taiwan are used as case study to build up the generic best practice for Chinese culture.
• More two-directional linking among generic metadata attributes will be established, and gazetteer is one of them.
![Page 32: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Generic Metadata Attributes
object
person
placename
time-span
event
event
event
thingevent
![Page 33: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Metadata Websitehttp://www.sinica.edu.tw/~metadata
![Page 34: Digital Gazetteer Service in context of Chinese Culture](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814cd4550346895db9da2b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Welcome your interest and participation!