APPLICATION OF DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHY IN NATURAL HAZARDS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Presented By: Medam Mariyam kareemPresented By: Muhammad AzazRoll no 1811

Department of GeographyGC University Faisalabad

Key Terms

Disaster Management A systematic process which aims to reduce the impact or consequences

of any adverse event like, Flood, Earthquake, Disease etc. It is more then just response and relief.

Hazard It is a potential for a natural or Human-Caused event with negative

impacts or consequences. Emergency

It is a situation generated by real or imminent occurrence od an event that requires immediate response/Attention.

Disaster It is a natural or human-caused event which causes intensive negative

impact on people, goods, services and/or environment acceding the affected community’s capability to respond.

Two Different Situations

An Emergency is a situation in which the community is capable of coping.

A Disaster is a situation in which the community is incapable of coping. It is a natural or human-caused event which causes intense negative impacts on people, goods, services and/or the environment,

Role of Geospatial Technology

Better data storage Better data analysis Handy in planning Helpful for stakeholders/ Decision Makers

Components or tools of Geospatial Technology

GIS Free hand Map viewer Coral draw

Application of Digital Cartography

In digital cartography GIS is a tool that allows users to create interactive queries (user created searches), analyze the spatial information, edit data, maps, and present the results of all these operations.

The specific application in Risk Assessment are, Hazard mapping to show earthquake, floods, landslide or fire.

These maps are used for warning system.

Application of Digital Cartography

In digital cartography GIS application can be useful in the following activities

To create Hazard inventory maps Locate Critical Facilities To help out the peoples

Digital Cartography and the Disaster Management Cycle

Planning

Digital cartography is useful in helping with forward planning. It provides the framework for planners and disaster managers to view spatial data by way of

computer based maps. Mitigation

Representation of High risk areas Facilitates the implementation of necessary mechanism to lessen the

impact. Preparedness

Identification of emergency areas on the map. Positions of related departments, Agencies, and Human Resources, Make it easier for security and shelters provides to plan the strategies Answer that who is to be based where and at what phase of emergency

GIS and the Disaster Management Cycle

Response Provide accurate information on exact location of an emergency

situation Time saving during the determination of trouble areas (Quick

Response) Used as floor guide for evacuation routes

Recovery Mapping level of damage Information related to disrupted infrastructure, number of persons

died or injured and impact on Environment.

GIS and Emergency Shelters

GIS can be used by shelter operators to capture specific personal details of persons being housed at the shelters.

It would make it possible to assess the number of needed shelters and the structure of that suffering population like, children, adults, disables etc..

GIS and Distribution of relief

In affected areas during and after disaster, Food Drops is always likely to take place.

This process can be helped with GIS as maps can be generated which identify the specific areas with clusters of victims are located and the unique need of persons within these clusters.

GIS and Data gathering

The data is gathered for the analysis and to assess the need of activities and actions before, during and after the disaster.

By the use of this data, maps of most vulnerable areas can be produced and those areas can be highlighted which are most prone to disasters.

Advantages of GIS

Ability to represent geographical information 2D and 3D

It provides the facility to integrate the different geo-spatial information.

It effectively collect, analyze, manage and distribute up-to-date information

It is versatile and easy to use for big purposes, but requires a little training to get individuals involved in process.

The GIS based database provides better environment for future planning.

References

Vayas, T. & Desai, A., 2007. Information Technology for Disaster Management. Computing for Nation Development. New Delhi.

Jhonson, R., 2000. GIS Technology for Disaster and Emergency Management. ESRI white papers. United States

VUSSC* . “Introduction to Disaster Management”. Ver. 1

Suggestions or

Comments??????

Thank you for patience