digestive system

Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Digestive SystemAnatomy and Physiology Flash Cards


Directions

• The first slide asks a question.

• The second slide answers the question.

• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.


Question

• In your own words, define digestion.


Answer

• Digestion is the breaking down of food into its simplest elements.


Question

• The gastrointestinal canal is made up of what six organs?


Answer

1. Mouth2. Pharynx3. Esophagus4. Stomach5. Small intestine6. Large intestine


Question

• The gastrointestinal canal is also known as the ______.

a. Alimentary canalb. Large intestinec. Small intestined. Tubular canal


Answer

a. Alimentary canalb. Large intestinec. Small intestined. Tubular canal


Question

• Name three accessory organs of the gastrointestinal canal:

1. ______2. ______3. ______


Answer

1. Liver2. Gallbladder3. Pancreas4. Teeth5. Tongue6. Salivary glands


Question

• List four of the six activities involved in the processing of food:

Answer 1. Ingestion—the taking in of food.

2. Propulsion—the movement of food through the alimentary canal.

3. Mechanical digestion—physically prepares food for digestion.

4. Chemical digestion—Enzymes breakdown food (catabolism). Starts in the mouth and is more or less completed in the small intestine.

5. Absorption—passage of digested molecules from the GI tract to the blood and lymph.

6. Defecation—elimination of indigestible food.


Question

• The act of chewing is considered ______.

a. Ingestionb. Mechanical digestionc. Defecationd. Propulsion


Answer

a. Ingestion

b. Mechanical digestionc. Defecationd. Propulsion


Question

• Mastication is ______.a. Swallowingb. Chewingc. The absorption of food.d. The movement of food.


Answer

a. Swallowing

b. Chewingc. The absorption of food.d. The movement of food.


Question

• ______ is saliva and food mixed together.

a. A bolusb. A papillaec. Chymed. A feces


Answer

a. A bolusb. A papillaec. Chymed. A feces


Question

• The ______ is considered the soft food tube, connecting the laryngopharynx to the stomach.

a. Tracheab. Papillaec. Pharynxd. Esophagus


Answer

a. Tracheab. Papillaec. Pharynx

d. Esophagus


Question

• The alimentary wall consists of four layers which include; the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and ______.

a. Pharynxb. Epithelial internac. Serosad. Mucosa glandular


Answer

a. Pharynxb. Epithelial interna

c. Serosad. Mucosa glandular


Question

• ______ sphincter empties the contents from the esophagus to the stomach.

a. Pyloricb. Ileocecalc. Stomachd. Cardiac


Answer

a. Pyloricb. Ileocecalc. Stomach

d. Cardiac


Question

• The majority of the breakdown of proteins occurs in the:

a. Stomachb. Small intestinec. Large intestined. Liver


Answer

a. Stomachb. Small intestinec. Large intestined. Liver


Question

• The stomach turns the bolus into this liquid:

a. Plasmab. Interstitial fluidc. Chymed. Extracellular fluid


Answer

a. Plasmab. Interstitial fluid

c. Chymed. Extracellular fluid


Question

• The ______ opens to allow the stomach contents into the small intestine.

a. Esophogeal sphincterb. Ileocecal valvec. Cardiac sphincterd. Pyloric sphincter


Answer

a. Esophogeal sphincterb. Ileocecal valvec. Cardiac sphincter

d. Pyloric sphincter


Question

• Between 80% and 90 % of food absorption takes place in the ______.

a. Stomachb. Small intestinec. Large intestined. Esophagus


Answer

a. Stomach

b. Small intestinec. Large intestined. Esophagus


Question

• What is the storage device for bile? a. Gallbladderb. Liverc. Stomachd. Small intestine


Answer

a. Gallbladderb. Liverc. Stomachd. Small intestine


Question

• Bile is used for ______.a. The breakdown of proteins.b. The breakdown of fats.c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.d. All of the above.


Answer

a. The breakdown of proteins.

b. The breakdown of fats.c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.d. All of the above.


Question

• The wave-like motion that propels food along the GI tract is ______.

a. Peristalsisb. Pulsec. Digestiond. Mastication


Answer

a. Peristalsisb. Pulsec. Digestiond. Mastication


Question

• The finger‑like projections within the small intestines is called the ______. Their function is to increase the surface area of the small intestine and to absorb nutrients.

a. Tongueb. Papillaec. Villid. Duodenum


Answer

a. Tongueb. Papillae

c. Villid. Duodenum


Question

• The last section of the small intestine, which opens to the large intestine, is known as the:

a. Jejunumb. Ileumc. Pyloricd. Cecum


Answer

a. Jejunum

b. Ileumc. Pyloricd. Cecum


Question

• The valve that allows chyme to pass from the small to the large intestine is the ______.


Answer

Ileocecal valve


Question

• As food passes through the GI tract, it is formed into a bolus, then transforms into chyme, and within the large intestine the chyme is transformed into ______.


Answer

Feces• The large intestine reabsorbs much of

the water that is found within the chyme.


Question

• Put the structures of the large intestine in the correct order, ending with structures that eliminate wastes.• Ascending colon• Decending colon• Transverse colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal• Cecum


Answer

• Cecum• Ascending colon• Transverse colon• Decending colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal

digestive system

Documents

food absorption

processing of food

propulsionthe movement

soft food tube

breakdown of proteins

breakdown of fats

breakdown of carbohydrates

stomach contents