• Digestion as a word

• BREAK DOWN!!!

• x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x x x x x x x

• *Digestion does NOT mean food is absorbed into your body, that is called absorption.

• Mouth- teeth/saliva• Esophagus- tube into your stomach• Stomach- filled with acid, breaks down food• Intestines- absorbs nutrients into bloodstream• Liver- removes toxic materials from blood

• Removal of wastes from the body

• in form of urine, fecal matter• all materials are filtered from blood or

digestive system and removed.

• Made of many small nephrons• small units where capillaries carry

blood to be filtered out • Remaining material (filtered out) is

either reabsorbed by body or sent to urinary bladder

• **Kidneys filter all of your blood in 45 minutes!!!

• Connect to ureter, which attaches to the urinary bladder

• Blood enters kidney and waste (urea, water, etc.) urine

• What if kidneys break?• nothing to filter out wastes!• if no kidney donor, blood must be

filtered by machine.

• Made up of 206 bones in adult.

• protects internal organs• provides structure for body• *MAKES IMMUNE SYSTEM-• makes your white blood cells

• Immune system designed to fight PATHOGENS, or anything that can make you sick

• could be bacteria, virus, or other

• Different ways of fighting disease• drugs/antibiotics• non-specific reactions• specific reactions- through white blood

cells

• General reactions that effect large parts of your body, and are not aimed at one particular part of your body

• swelling• fever

• Aimed at preventing a specific disease from entering your body

• Antibody/Antigen

• Antigen- ALL cells have markers on them called antigens. Your body remembers which combinations belong to you and which belong to pathogens that have made you sick in the past.

• Antibody- a matching piece to remember the antigen, marks the cell with the harmful antigen to be destroyed before it can infect you.

• Injects dead viruses with the antigen for this year’s flu strains

• your body learns to remember that as a bad antigen

• if that flu gets into you, the flu viruses are killed before they can infect you

• THIS GIVES YOU IMMUNITY!

• You either have antigen A, B, both (AB), or neither (O)

• If you have antigen A, you have antibody B

• If you have both A and B (AB), you have neither antibody• you can receive blood from anyone

• If you are O, then you have both antibody A and B• you can ONLY receive O blood

• Allergies• you have antibodies that react with

different environmental conditions (pollen, peanuts, etc) that cause you to have a reaction to something that should not make you sick

• AIDS• a virus that attacks your white blood cells,

killing them so your immune system does not work.