diffusion & osmosis ch 8. diffusion definition: net movement of particles from an area of...

Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8

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Diffusion & Osmosis

Ch 8

Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an

area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration

Example: _____________________________

highhighlowlow

The smell of popcorn traveling The smell of popcorn traveling across the room across the room

Page 3: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Diffusion results from the _________ movements of particles (Brownian motion)

Diffusion is a ________ process

randomrandom

SLOWSLOW

Page 4: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

3 factors affect the ________ (how

quickly or slowly) of diffusion

________________ If you increase ________ then ______________________

________________ If you increase ________ then __________________________

________________ If you increase ________ then _______________________

raterate

TemperatureTemperature

ConcentrationConcentration

PressurePressure

TempTemp..it will move more it will move more

ConcConc..it will diffuse more rapidlyit will diffuse more rapidly

PressurePressureit will increase diffusionit will increase diffusion

Page 5: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Eventually… the particles will become _______ distributed

The condition in which there is continuous movement, but no overall concentration change is called __________________

evenlyevenly

dynamic equilibriumdynamic equilibrium

Page 6: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

The difference in concentration of a substance across a space is called _______________________concentration gradientconcentration gradient

High concentration

Low concentration

concentration gradient

Page 7: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

In the case with diffusion, particles are moving from an area of _____ concentration to an area of _____ concentration; therefore, the substance is said to move ______ the concentration gradient.

highhighlowlow

withwith

Page 8: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Another example of diffusion: Oxygen in the air sacs of lungs

diffuses into capillariesParticles constantly move & bounce off

each other and other surfaces

Page 9: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Page 10: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Page 11: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Osmosis Definition: Diffusion of water across a

_________________ membrane

Osmosis is a special example of __________

Semi-permeableSemi-permeable

diffusiondiffusion

Page 12: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Osmosis Example: Absorption of water by plant roots

Osmosis

It is important to notice that __________________ molecules do not cross the membrane, but _______ molecules do cross during osmosis

Osmosis occurs in both plant and animal cells and there are three conditions that typically appear.

large impermeablelarge impermeableHH2200

Page 14: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Isotonic Solution Concentration of dissolved substances in the

solution is the _______ as the concentration of dissolved substances inside the cell.

Hypotonic solution Concentration of dissolved substances is

_______ in the solution outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell

Hypertonic solution Concentration of dissolved substances is

________ outside than the concentration inside the cell

samesame

lessless

greatergreater

Page 15: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

ISOTONIC SOLUTION

10% salt

cell

HYPOTONIC SOLUTION

2% salt

10% salt

cell

HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

25% salt

10% salt

cell

Page 16: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Normal Cells in Isotonic Solution

Cells in Hypertonic Solution

Cells in Hypotonic Solution

Page 17: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

ISOTONIC SOLUTION

10% salt

cell

HYPOTONIC SOLUTION

2% salt

10% salt

cell

HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

25% salt

10% salt

cell

Equal movement in

and out

More H2O in than out

More H2O out than in

Page 18: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

Here is what happens when more water exits or more water enters

Page 19: Diffusion & Osmosis Ch 8. Diffusion Definition: Net movement of particles from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration Example:

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