7/23/2019 Difficult Reading Comprehension Problem

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Difficult Reading Comprehension Problem.

Although scientists observe that an organism’s behavior falls intorhythmic patterns, they disagree about how these patterns areaffected when the organism is transported to a new environment.One experimenter, Brown, brought oysters from Connecticut waters to5 llinois waters. !he noted that the oysters initially opened their

shells widest when it was high tide in Connecticut, but that afterfourteen days their rhythms had adapted to the tide schedule inllinois. Although she could not posit an une"uivocal causalrelationship between behavior and environmental change, Brown#$ concluded that a change in tide schedule is one of several possibleexogenous influences %those outside the organism& on the oysters’rhythms. Another experimenter, 'amner, however, discovered thathamsters from California maintain their original rhythms even at the!outh (ole. 'e concluded that endogenous influences %those inside#5 the organism& seem to affect an organism’s rhythmic behavior.

#. All of the following could be considered examples of exogenous influences on an organism )*C)(+the influence of the%A& level of a hormone on a field mouse’s readiness of mating%B& temperature of a region on a bear’s hibernation

%C& salt level of a river on a fish’s migration%& humidity of an area on a cat’s shedding of its fur%)& proximity of an owl on a li-ard’s searching for food

. /hich of the following statements best describes the conclusion drawn by Brown %lines 012&3%A& A change in tide schedule is the primary influence on an oyster’s rhythms%B& A change in tide schedule may be an important exogenous influence on an oyster’s rhythms%C& )xogenous influences, such as a change in tide schedule, seldom affect an oyster’s rhythms%& )ndogenous influences have no effect on an oyster’s rhythms%)& )ndogenous influences are the only influences on an oyster’s rhythms

4. +he passage suggests that Brown’s study was similar to 'ammer’s in which of the following ways3. Both experimenters discovered that a new environment had a significant effect on anorganism’s behavioral rhythms

. Both experimenters observed an organism’s behavioral rhythms after the organism had beentransported to a new environment. Both experimenters new an organism’s rhythmic patterns in its original environment%A& only%B& only%C& and only%& and only%)& , , and

0. /hich of the following, if true, would most weaen Brown’s conclusion3%A& +he oysters gradually closed their shells after high tide in llinois had passed%B& +he oysters’ behavioral rhythms maintained their adaptation to the tide schedule in llinoisthroughout thirty days of observation%C& !ixteen days after they were moved to llinois, the oysters opened their shells widest when it was

high tide in Connecticut%& A scientist who brought 6aryland oysters to 6aine found that the oysters opened their shellswidest when it was high tide in 6aine%)& n an experiment similar to Brown’s, a scientist was able to establish a clear causal relationshipbetween environmental change and behavioral rhythm