DIFFERENT OCCUPATION IN THE

PHILIPPINES

PREPARED BY:SHAREENA D. SOWAIB

PAULA CHARLENE DONESKHAREN BARTOLOME

JANELA MANIBOGLOVELY IVY RILLON

ANGEL MYDAL TRANGIA

SPANISH OCCUPATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

• 1521 Magellan and his men arrived in Samar • 1565-1815 The Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade• 1565 Arrival of the Augustinians in the Philippines• 1577 Arrival of the Franciscans in the Philippines• 1581 Arrival of the Jesuits in the Philippines• 1587 Arrival of the Dominicans in the Philippines

• 1785-1814 Royal Philippine Company• 1849 Gov. NarcisoClaveria decreed the adoption of

Hispanic names• March 1,1872 Governor Basco established the

tobacoo monopoly to increase the revenues of the Government

• 1 882 Abuses and corruption practices made by the officials led to the abolition of monopoly By Governor Primo de Rivera.

• 1883 La Funeraria-the 1st funeral parlor in the Philippines was established.

• 1589 Foundation of Colegio de Sta. Potenciana (oldest school for girls in the Philippines)

• 1611 Founding of Colegio de Nuestra Senora del Santisimo Rosario (University of Sto. Tomas)

• 1640 Semario de NinosHuerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo (College of San Juan de Letran)

• 1780-1895 Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Country

• 1884 Polo y Servicio- Filipino and Chinese males was obligated to give personal service for the construction of infrastructure

• 1885 Compania De Los Tranvias De Filipinas• 1887 Noli Me Tangere was published• 1891 El Filibusterismo was finished• 1892 Founded the La Liga Filipina.• 1895 La Electretista• June 12, 1898 The leaders of the revolution assembled

in Kawit to declare the bindependence of the Philippines.

American Occupation in the Philippines

• August 23, 1896 - Philippine Revolution Begins• March 4, 1897 - William McKinley inaugurated 25th President of the United SAtates• February 9, 1898 - De Lome’s letter came out of the press• February 15,1898 - The American battleship Maine exploded near the port of Havana. Out of the

350 passengers, 266 died and many others were wounded. • April 11, 1898 - McKinley asked Congress to declare war. • April 16, 1898 - Army began mobilization. Teller Amendment was passed in Congress stating

that the US would not annex Cuba.

• April 23,1898 - McKinley issued call for 125,000 volunteers. Spain

declared war• April 25, 1898 - US declared war with Spain but made the declaration

retroactive to April 22 • April 27, 1898 - Commodore Dewey’s squadron left Mirs Bay, China for

the Philippines.

• May 1, 1898 - Dewey defeated the Spanish Armada in the Battle of Manila Bay.• May 19,1898 - Emilio Aguinaldo returned from exile.• May 25,1898 - McKinley issued a call for 75,000 more volunteers. The first army expedition left San Francisco for Manila.• June 18,1898 - Aguinaldo issued a proclamation establishing a revolutionary government

and a message to foreign powers announcing that government.• June 30, 1898 - The first batch of American soldiers arrived in Manila under the command

of Brig. General Thomas M. Anderson.

• August 12,1898 - Spain and the US signed the peace protocol which

ended thewar. • August 13,1898 - Capitulation of Manila to the Americans.• September 15,1898 - Filipino Congress met at MalolosDecember 10 US and

Spain signed the Treaty of Paris• January 22,1899 - Malolos Constitution was promulgated.

• February 4,1899 - Filipino-American was began• March 31,1899 - Malolos fell into the hands of the Americans. • August 29,1899 - General Elwell Otis succeeded General Merritt in command.• May 2,1899 - The Schurman Commission arrived in Manila• November 13,1899 - Aguinaldo disbanded the organized army and resorted to guerilla warfare.• May 5,1900 - General Arthur McArthur succeeded General Merritt as commander of the

American army.

• June 3,1900 - The Taft Commission arrived in Manila.• June 21,1900 - General McArthur issued a proclamation of amnesty to all who

renounced the Filipino aspiration for independence and accepted American rule.

• March 10,1901 - The Taft Commission conducted provincial sorties in Southern

Luzon. They visited 18 provinces and returned to Manila on May 3.• March 23,1901 - Aguinaldo was captured in Palanan, Isabela.

• April 1, 1901 - The Commission issued a decree that property and funds of

theinsurgents would be confiscated if they did not surrender and that they be deprived of any position in the government, “no peace no job”.

• April 19,1901 - Aguinaldo swore allegiance to the US government.• July 4,1901 - Taft was inaugurated first civil governor of the Philippines and

General Chaffee replaced General McArthur. • August 1901 - The Taft Commission conducted another provincial sortie to establish

civil government in several towns in Northern Luzon

• August 21,1901 - The military transport S.S. Thomas arrived in Manila with 540 American school teachers

aboard.• September 6,1901 - President McKinley was shot in Buffalo, New York and died after eight days (September 14)• September 28,1901 - Forty four American soldiers were massacred in Balangiga, Samar the worst blow to the

American campaign in thePhilippines.• April 27,1901 - Vicente Lukban, the last recognized rebel leader was captured.• July 4,1901 - President Roosevelt declared the Philippines pacified and granted amnesty to rebels.

Military rule formally ended. • December 23,1901 - Taft left Manila to succeed Elihu Root as Secretary of War

Japanese Occupation in the Philippines

• December 8, 1941 –Japan invaded Philippines. They first attack Clark Air Base in Pampanga and

Nichols Gulf The Japanese forces landed at the Lingayen Gulf on to Manila.• December 25, 1941 – General Douglas MacArthur declared Manila an open city on the advice of

Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon to avoid destruction.• January 2, 1942 – Japanese occupied Manila. MacArthur retreated with his troops to Bataan

while the commonwealth government withdrew to corrigidor island before proceeding to the United States. 76,000 american and Filipino captures soldiers were forced to embark on the infamous Death March to prisoner-on-war camp. Estimated, 10,000 prisoner soldiers died due to hunger, thirsty and exhaustion.

• April 9 1942 – The joined American and Filipino soldiers in Bataan surrendered to Japan.

Gen.MacArthur escaped to corrigidor then proceeded to Austrilia. 76,000 american and Filipino captures soldiers were forced to embark on the infamous Death March to prisoner-on-war camp. Estimated, 10,000 prisoner soldiers died due to hunger, thirsty and exhaustion.

• January 3, 1942– The day after Manila became an occupied city. Gen. Masaharu Homma,

Commander in Chief of the Japanese Imperial Forces issued an proclamation announcing the end of American occupation and imposition of Martial Law in the country.

• January 23, 1942–Philippine Executive Commission established with Jorge Vargas as the chairman.

• – KALIBAPI (kapisanansaPaglilingkodsaBagongPilipinas) formed Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence (PCPI). It was organized June 20 as Jose Protacio Garcia Laurel as the President.

• September 20,1943 – KALIBAPI held a party convention to elect 54memebers of the National

Assembly.• October – 14, 1943 – Jose Protacio Garcia Laurel was elected as the president of the second

republic. Inaugurated on the front steps of the legislative building in Manila.

• October 20,1944 – The Americans landed in Leyte. Once a shore, General Douglas

MacArthur said,”I have returned.”

• October 23 to October 26, 1944 – The Americans engaged Japanese forces in the Battle of Leyte Gulf.

The US victory in the battle of Leyte Gulf is said to have signaled the beginning of Philippine liberation from the Japanese.

• December 8, 1944 – President Laurel and his cabinet moved to Baguio upon orders of

Yamashita, who is also known as the tiger of Malaya.• February 23, 1945 – The Japanese in Manila would not give up easily. It took 3 weeks of

intense fighting before they finally surrendered.• July 4, 1945 – And finally proclaim general freedom from the Japanese

SOURSE: GOOGLEThe rises of the Philippine republic