Differences in L2 learners LANGUAGE ACQUISITIONLISETH CHICA

AGEYOUNG LEARNERS OLDER LEARNERS

The brain is like a sponge that absorbs new information quickly and easily.

Brain maturation that reduce learning capacity.

Like interaction with others; great amount of language input.

Don't like interact and receives poor language input.

Memory elasticity is phenomenal and retains information.

Memory elasticity decreases and it is difficult to retain information easy.

They can acquire native-like language.

It is difficult that they can acquire native-like language, they develop foreign accent.

SEXBOYS GIRLS

They acquire language, trough its sensory system.

Better in grammar and spelling.

They learn better the language by seeing visual aids.

Their brains are more activity at the moment they learn the language.

They learn better understanding and figuring out compositional rules.

Remember easily difficult linguistic forms.

They automatize language skills and give place to an effective language learning.

Girls are semantically and verbally more competent.

APTITUDEBeing apt to learn a language consist on:

1. Phonemic coding ability: being capable to decode incoming speech sounds.

2. Inductive language learning ability: being capable to figure out how the rules governing the language work.

3. Grammatical sensitivity: knowing the function of each linguistic element.

4. Associative memory capacity: to be able to memorize linguistic forms accurately and to use them appropriately.

MOTIVATION

INTEGRATIVE MOTIVATION INSTRUMENTAL MOTIVATION

The learner acquires the second language because he desires to fit in a society where the L2 is spoken.

The learner acquires a second language because he/she needs it to fulfil another goal like having better job opportunities, for graduating or for traveling.

It is emotional It is for practical uses

Impulse people to achieve some desired goal

COGNITIVE STYLESField independent: recognize objects no matter the complexity of the background

Field-dependent: the field should be clear other ways things are not perceived easily

Global: perceive things as whole. Particular: considers specific things for information processing

holistic: looks for the general idea of something.

Analytic: capable to analyze each detail within a context.

Deductive: discovers the rules governing the L2 by themselves.

Inductive: analyze the rules governing the L2 to learn it.

Focus on meaning: special attention is given on learning the meaning of the L2.

Focus on form: a predisposition on learning forms and features of the L2.

PERSONALITY Personalities are important to provide better learning results Anxious learners: have language learning issues causing by low self –confidence.Extrovert: interact which is important for the language learning.

Introvert: effective language learners.

Shy: may not enjoy language learning.

Adventuresome: may do better in learning.

Inner-directed/other-directed and reflective/impulsive personalities are not really factors that influence positively nor negatively the learning process of the learner.

Imaginative, empathetic, self confident; get better in learning L2.

LEARNING STRATEGIES

METACOGNITIVE COGNITIVE SOCIAL/EFFECTIVE

Making a plan on what they are going to do during the lesson

Linguistic material to facilitate learning as; brainstorming, mind mapping

Demand learner to the interaction; to ask questions so the teacher can gives feedback

Factors that influence learning strategies Age Young(repetition) adults(synthesis)sex Females use social/affective strategies than man