difference between mis and dss.docx

7/29/2019 Difference between Mis and Dss.docx

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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

The concept of MIS is evolutionary rather than revolutionary the first starting

traditional view presented the data in the form of forms and reports. The data here is

very in personal. So it is done and regular intervals. The traditional view for the

modified and differentiated data form information where the data is similar to raw

materials and information is the finished products. However for much of importance is

given to information and its processing the further modifications of MIS.

Where the information is personalize information is personalize information is

retrieved and access based on by necessity decision making is one of the very effective

feature of MIS.

ROLE OF MIS:

The utilization of information in any business plays a very important role. Information

is the process form of the data it says that all the data collected may not be useful and

so MIS plays a very important role. It is considered to be the part of the organization

as heart plays a very important role in the human body by providing pure blood to all

parts of the body in the same way MIS also plays the same role in the organization. It

collects the data and process in to information and parts it to the required unit. MIS is

useful to all levels of management.


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FEATURES OF MIS/CHARACTERSTICS OF MIS:

* MIS handles large volume of data

* Data is process into information basing on the needs.

* Conformation of necessity starts the transaction process.

* Complex processing of the data is done.

* Mass storage of information.

* Quick search or retrieval of data or information is done.

* Communication of information to the user in time.

* Fulfilling the changing needs of information.

DATA v/s INFORMATION:-

People often use the term data and information interchangeably however it is better to

view data is raw material resources that are process in to finished information.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DATA & INFORMATION:

DATA INFORMATION

A. Un organized form a) organized form

B.Refers to details, facts about any given b) Refers to only those events which

are concerned with NTT.


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C. Available in raw form c) Available in finished form.

D. Not ready accessible d) Ready accessible

E. Not based information e) Based on data

CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION:

Information can be classified in number of ways.

Action vs Non-action information Recurring vs Non-recurring Internal vs External

1) Action vs Non-action information:-The information which induces action is called as action information. The information

which communicates only the status of situation is called as non-action information.

2) Recurring vs Non-recurring:-

The information generated at regular intervals is recurring information.

Ex:-monthly sales report.

The financial analyses are the report of market research study is a non-recurring

information.


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3) Internal vs External:-

The information generated through the internal sources of the organization is termed

as internal information. The information generated through government reports the

industrial surveys etc. is termed as external information.

USAGE:-

a) Organizational information:When the information is used by all the people in the organization is called as

organization information.

b) Database information:When the information has multiple users it is called as data base information.

c) Functional information:It is also called as operational information when the organization is use in the

operations of a bus. It is called as functional or operation information.

Applications:

a) Planning information:Certain standards, norms and specifications are use in planning of any activity. hence,

such type of information is called as planning information.


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b) Controlling information:Reporting the status of any activity through a feedback is called as controlling

information.

c) Knowledge information:A collection of information through library reports & research studies to build up a

knowledge base as a high information source for decision making is known as

knowledge information.

Components or Elements or Resources of Information system:-

_ People

_ Data

_ Hardware

_ Software

_ Network

1) People:People are those who are required for the operations of all information systems in the

organization. These people include users & information systems specialists.


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a) users:These users are also called as end users or clients. these are the people who uses the

information system or the information that it produces they can be accountants ,sales

persons, engineers, clerks, managers etc.

b) specialist:These are the people who develop and operate the information system. they include

the analysts programmers and computer operators and clerical information system

personnel system analyst design the information system based on the requirements of

the end users and the programs based on the specialization of system analyst.

2) Data:Data is more than the raw material for the information system. The concept of data

brooded by the managers& the information systems professionals. They realize that

data constitutes valuable organizational resources to organization. Data can be taken

from many forms. It is composed of alphabetic, numeric other characteristics. That

describes transactions. The text data consists of sentences & paragraphs used in

written communication image data consists of graphical shapes & figures, audio date

consists of human voice & other sounds which also the important firms of date.

3) Hardware:The concept of Hardware includes physical devices and used in information

processing specifically it involves not only machines such as computers and


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calculators but also all the other media which are tangible on which the data is

recorded. Hardware includes

A) computer systemIt consists of CPU, MONITOR, KEY BOARD, MOUSE, verity of inter connected

peripherals of the information system.

B) Computer peripheralsThere are the devices which includes KEYBOARDS, ELECTRONIC MOUSE &

other

INPUT devices & OUTPUT devices which are used for the information system.

4) Software:This concept includes all the set of information processing used in information system.

The concept of software includes not only the set of operating instructions called

programs but also the set of information processing instructions needed by the people

called as procedures.

The following are the some examples of software

a) system softwareIt includes the operating system which controls and supports the operations of a

computer system.


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b) Application softwareThese are the programs that are directly for a particular use by the end users.

c) ProceduresThese are the concept of which are operating the entire information system .procedures

are the operating instructions for the people who are using information system.

5) Network:The generic category includes all of the people. Hardware, Software & Data resources

that directly support the operations & used of common network.

Ex:-common process such as modems internet & work processors common control

software etc.

Definition of MIS:-

According to Walter, MIS is defined as a formal method of collecting information in a

presentable form in order to facilitate effective decision making & implementation to

carry out organizational operations for the purpose of achieving organizational

objectives.

According to Gordon MIS is defined as

An integrated user machine system

For providing information

To support the operations communication mgt and decision making functions.


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Objectives of MIS:-

Fixing responsibilities

Facilitates decision making

Avoid duplication of data& work Saving of time Establish uniform procedures improving services

Components in MIS:-

Data gathering

Data entry

Data transferring

Information utilization

MIS STRUCTURE

The two approaches in MIS structure are

1) MIS based on management activity

2) MIS based on organization activity

MIS based on management activity:-

It is also called as utilization of MIS by the management (refer to Antony model).


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MIS based on organization activity:-

The structure of the information system can also be described as information used by

the organization. There is no standard classification on the amount of information

needed by the organization. In the other way we can state that activities that are done

take the information. Usually the activities are MARKETING, PRODUCTION,

ADVERTISING, LOGISTICS etc.


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Decision Support System

DSS reports to decision support system. This is different from MIS because true

humans are given first priority. DSS makes a manager to think from all the aspects so

as to take the decisions whenever and where ever required. DSS is an integrative

computer based system which helps the decision maker utilize the data and models to

solve the problems. It is a process where managers at different levels take on decisions

with the information available in any type of structure.

Characteristics

1. Ability to support solution for any type of complex problems utilize in any type of

structure

2. Supports all the levels of managers

3. Supports all the levels of management

4. Ability to work in any environment

5. Supports individuals as well as groups

6. Supports variety of techniques are decision making process

7. MIS is a product and DSS is a process

8. Allows decision making to interact with different types of environment

9. Access data and manipulate it

10. Provide online solutions


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Capabilities of DSS

1. DSS can update or manipulate the data or information

2. DSS creates special reports in desired formats

3. DSS can perform any type of calculations and execute the data

4. DSS can construct simple models that describe a problem or situation visualized by

the user. It performs activities in trials in contains optimization techniques to find out

the best method.

Components of DSS

_ Data management sub-system

_ Model management sub-system

_ Knowledge management sub-system

_ User interface sub-system

DSS elements

I. DSS tools

II. DSS generators

III. Specific DSS


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i. DSS toolsThere are the programs or codes which are foundations used to create DSS generators

and in turn specific DSS.DSS has variety of tools used for supporting data base

models, query systems etc. the DSS tool are classified into four types. They are

a. Data base software

b. Model base software

c. Data analysis software

d. Display software

Data base software

DSS requires data base software to use the database and take decisions and these

softwares are used in mainframe and miniframe computers. The most popular data

base tool is MS-Access and SQL.

Model base software

Model base software helps a manager to design models which incorporate business

rules and assumptions made for application of rules.

Data analysis software

This is also known as statistical software it is used to analyze a variety of data and

derived meaningful information for decision making.


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Display software

Display software supports DSS through graphics display. it provides easy

interpretation of the information.

Integrated DSS tool

All the DSS tools available are used to solve users needs. But these can solve only a

part of users needs. So, Microsoft had designed a software which would solve all the

needs of the user. The name given to the integrated DSS tool is MS-Excel. MS-Excel

is a data base which contains data model base, data analysis software which works on

statistical program and display software.

ii. DSS generatorsA DSS generator is a package of software used to build a specific DSS application. It

displays the required information like a map showing the location of equipment and

inventories inside the organization.

iii. Specific DSSA specific DSS application is constructed with DSS generators supported by special

DSS tools. This specific DSS is used for decision making.


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Difference between MIS & DSS structure

MIS is Management Information System and is known as the main system because itcan control and maintain other information systems. Employees are the most important

element of this system and it involves the management of the internal information of

the businesses and management of the functions of the employees and relating both

these with each other. MIS is helpful in all the operational areas of a business.

DSS is Decision Support system and this helps in right decision making for anybusiness. Decision making is a process that involves consideration of all the aspects

of a business including the operations, activities, planning, forecasts and management

of different functions in an organization. DSS is helpful for the senior management

which needs data to be available instantly while making decisions and executing them

with perfection. The only drawback of DSS is that it cannot handle large amount of

data.

The major difference between these three systems is that MIS is for taking care ofdocumentation and work related to internal operations while DSS is for providing

required data to all the employees including senior managers, in running daily

activities smoothly.

These systems are related to each other and complement each other. MIS is used forall the documentation work and this is used by DSS. DSS further provide the data and

information critical for decision making. MIS is used by higher and middle level

management while DSS is used by all the levels of organization and it uses internal

and external information.


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