difference asp asp.net

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Difference between ASP.NET and ASP

Dear friends here is a list ofdifferences of the ASP.NET technology and theclassic ASP technology.Hope it is informative. Please send your feedback or/and add if youhave additional information.

Introduction

These are the list ofdifferences which I came across while working on ASPand ASP.NETprojects.

Background

I have seen many articles on Internet where in I came across the differences ofASP.NETand ASP. These articles are jumbled across the websites. I have compiled all those andpublished this article to give better understanding on the differences of both.

Description

Process Isolation

ASP is run under the inetinfo.exe(IIS) process space and hence susceptible to application

crashes as a result the IIS needs to be stopped or restarted. ASP is related to the processisolation setting in IIS.

But, ASP.Net

The ASP.NET worker process is a distinct worker process, aspnet_wp.exe, separate

from inetinfo.exe ( IIS process), and the process model in ASP.NET is unrelated toprocess isolation settings in IIS.Note :- IIS is still the entry point to a ASP.NET application

Non-MS Platform Support

Classical ASP had no mechanism of running itself on non- Microsoft technology platforms

like the 'The Apache Web Server'

But, ASP.NET

ASP.NET could be run on non-Microsoft Platforms also. Cassini is a sample Web server

produced by Microsoft which, among other projects, has been used to host ASP.NETwith Apache.

Multi Language Support in WebPage


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In ASP only two languages were available for scripting VBScript and Jscript/Javascript.But in ASP.NET

We are no longer constrained to the two scripting languages available in traditional ASP:

Any fully compliant .NET language can now be used with ASP.NET, including C# andVB.NET.

Note :- (C# and VB.Net are both server Side languages.)

Interpretation Vs Compilation

In ASP, ASP engine executes server-side code, which is always through an interpreter(JScript or VBScript). When a traditional ASP page is requested, the text of that page is

parsed linearly. All content that is not server-side script is rendered as is back to the

response. All server-side script in the page is first run through the appropriate interpreter

(JScript or VBScript), the output of which is then rendered back to the response. Thisarchitecture affects the efficiency of page rendering in several ways. First, interpreting the

server-side script on the fly.As a side effect, one common optimization for ASP applicationsis tomove a lot of server-side script into precompiled COM components to improve response

times. A second efficiency concern is that intermingling server-side evaluation blocks with

static HTML is less efficient than evaluating a single server-side script block, because theinterpreter has to be invoked over and over again. Thus, to improve efficiency of rendering,many ASP developers resort to large blocks of server-side script, replacing static HTML

elements withResponse.Write() invocations instead. Finally, this ASP model actually

allows different blocks of script within a page to be written in different script languages.While this may be appealing in some ways, it also degrades performance by requiring that a

particular page load both scripting engines toprocess a request, which takes more time and memory than using just one language.But in ASP.NET,

In contrast, ASP.NET pages are always compiled into .NET classes housed within

assemblies. This class includes all of the server-side code and the static HTML, so once a

page is accessed for the first time (or any page within a particular directory is accessed),subsequent rendering of that page is serviced by executing compiled code. This eliminates

all the inefficiencies of the scripting model of traditional ASP. There is no longer anyperformancedifference between compiled components and server-side code embedded

within a page they are now both compiled components. There is also no

performance difference between interspersing server-side code blocks among static HTMLelements, and writing large blocks of server-side code and using

Response.Write() for static HTML content. Also, because the .aspx file is parsed into asingle code file and compiled, it is not possible to use multiple server-side languages withina single .aspx file.

Debugging benefits

In classic ASP it was very difficult for us to debug the application. ASP developers had timeto debug application due to limited support due to the interpreted model.


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But in ASP.NET In addition to improved performance over the interpreted model, pages that

are compiled into classes can be debugged using the same debugging tools available to

desktop applications or component developers. Errors with pages are generated as compilererrors, and there is a good chance that most errors will be found at compilation time instead

of runtime, because VB.NET and C# are both strongly typed languages. Plus, all the toolsavailable to the .NET developer are applicable to the .aspx developer.

Server-Side code placement Web Page

class=docText>Especially if you are using ASP pages it is possible to include executable

code outside the scope of a function within a script block marked as runat=server, and , it

is possible to define a function within a pair of server-side script tags.

But in ASP.NET,

In ASP.NET it is no longer possible to include executable code outside the scope of afunction within a script block marked as runat=server, and conversely, it is no longer

possible to define a function within a pair of server-side script tags.

Note also that the generated class definition provides a default constructor for you,and if you try to define your own default constructor within your page, it will cause acompiler error. This can be somewhat frustrating if you are trying to properly

initialize elements of your class (such as filling up our array of values or subscribing

to events).Fortunately, an alternative technique gives you more complete control over the class

definition while separating the layout from the page logic. This technique is called

code-behind.Deployment Strategies

In traditional ASP applications, components used by pages and deployed in this fashion

were notoriously difficult to update or replace. Whenever the application was up and

running, it held a reference to the component file so to replace that file, you had to shutdown IIS (temporarily taking your Web server offline), replace the file, and restart IIS.

But in ASP.NET,

The goals ofASP.NET was to eliminate the need to stop the running Web application

whenever components of that application need to be updated or replaced that is, updating

an application should be as simple as using xcopy to replace the components on the Web

server with the new updated versions. To achieve this xcopy deployment capability, the

designers ofASP.NET had to ensure two things: first, that the running application not holda reference to the component file and second, that whenever the component file wasreplaced with a new version, that new version was picked up with any subsequent requests

made to the application. Both of these goals are achieved by using the shadow copymechanism provided by the Common Language Runtime (CLR).

Shadow copying of assemblies is something you can configure when you create a new

application domain in .NET. The AppDomainSetup class (used to initialize an AppDomain)exposes a Boolean property called ShadowCopyFiles and a string property called CachePath,


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and the AppDomain class exposes a method called SetShadowCopyPath() to enable shadow

copying for a particular application domain. The Boolean property turns the mechanism on

for a particular application domain, the CachePath specifies the base directory where theshadowed copies should be placed, and the SetShadowCopyPath() method specifies whichdirectories should have shadow copying enabled.

ASP.NET creates a distinct application domain for each application it hosts in its workerprocess and for each application domain, it enables shadow copying of all assemblies

referenced in the /bin directory. Instead of loading assemblies directly from the /bindirectory, the assembly loader physically copies the referenced assembly to a separatedirectory (also indicated in the configuration settings for that application domain) and loads

it from there. This mechanism also keeps track of where the assembly came from, so if a

new version of that assembly is ever placed in the original /bin directory, it will be recopiedinto the Noteshadow" directory and newly referenced from there.

In addition to shadow copying of assemblies, ASP.NET needs the ability to create and load

assemblies on the fly. The first time an .aspx page is referenced, as we have seen, it iscompiled into an assembly and loaded by ASP.NET. What we haven't seen is where those

assemblies are located once they are compiled. Application domains also support theconcept of a "dynamic directory" specified through the DynamicBase property of the

AppDomainSetup class, which is a directory designed for dynamically generated assemblies

that can then be referenced by the assembly loader. ASP.NET sets the dynamic directory ofeach application it houses to a subdirectory under the system Temporary ASP.NET Filesdirectory with the name of the virtual directory of that application.

One consequence of both dynamic assembly generation and shadow copying is that many

assemblies are copied during the lifetime of an ASP.NET application. The assemblies that

are no longer being referenced should be cleaned up so that disk space usage doesn'tbecome a limiting factor in application growth. In ASP.NET shadow copied assemblies are

removed as soon as possible after a new version of that assembly is copied, anddynamically generated assemblies that are no longer used are cleaned up the next time

the ASP.NET worker process is bounced and the particular application associated with thedynamic assemblies is run again. In general, this means that you shouldn't have to worryabout unused assemblies generated by ASP.NET wasting space on your machine for verylong.

New Page DirectivesIn ASP you must place all directives on the first line of a page within the same delimitingblock. For example:

But in ASP.NET, you are now required to place the Language directive with a Page directive,

as follows:

You can have as many lines of directives as you need. Directives may be located anywhere

in your .apsx file but standard practice is to place them at the beginning of the file. Severalnew directives have been added in ASP.NET. I encourage you to look these up in

the ASP.NET documentation to see how they may benefit your application.


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Threading Issues

The threading model of COM object created using VB within a web-based application is

STA. ASP worker thread resides in its own STA and hence the compatability is fine in thiscase with a little performance hit.

But in ASP.NET,

The ASP.NET threading model is the Multiple Threaded Apartment (MTA). What this means

is that components that you are using that were created for the Single Threaded Apartment(STA) will no longer perform or function reliably without taking some extra precautionsin ASP.NET. This includes, but is not limited to, all COM components that have been created

using Visual Basic 6.0 and earlier versions. You will be glad to hear that you can still use

these STA components without having to change any code. What you need to do is includethe compatibility attributeaspcompat=true in a tag on the ASP.NET page. For

example, . Using this attribute will force your

page to execute in STA mode, thus ensuring your component will continue to functioncorrectly. If you attempt to use an STA component without specifying this tag, the run time

will throw an exception. Setting this attribute to true will also allow your page to call COM+1.0 components that require access to the unmanaged ASP built-in objects. These are

accessible via the ObjectContext object. If you set this tag to true, your performance willdegrade slightly. I suggest doing this only if you absolutely need to.

Validation & Browser scripting capabilities

ASP has no inbuilt facility for Validation of controls.i.e, checking whether a textbox is

left blank or not or a combo is selected or not or if a phone number does not fit aparticular pattern for a area and many such examples.

The user had to write the client side Javascript code for all these kind of validations.

Client and server side validation both were the headache of the of the developer.

Javascript code to fit a particular Browser was also the developer's burden. He had to

write specific code so that it could fit a set of browsers. It took lot of the developerstime.

But in ASP.NET,

In built validation controls are provided which are as easy to implement and the developerhas to worry the least.

The features provided by ASP.NET validation controls is :-

Browser Independent coding :- Developer does not have to worry about the browserhow the controls would render to.

Client-Side or Server-Side :- The Validation Controls manage the code checking ifthe client side code is disabled the validation is done on the server side.


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Rich Validation set :- There are 6 types of validation which cater to the needs of the

validation requirements:

RequiredFieldValidation Control - Requires that the control not be left blank.

CompareValidator Control - Used to compare Data in Two Controls

RangeValidator Control - Used to check for Range validation.(also supports variousdata Type - Date , string etc..)

RegularExpressionValidator Control - Used to check the complicated patterns in theuser input.

CustomValidator Control- The final control we have included in ASP.NET is one that

adds great flexibility to our validation abilities. We have a custom validator where weget to write out own functions and pass the control value to this function.

This control also provides Client side and server side validation of which the Server side

validation could be a different function altogether.

Validation Summary - The validation summary control will collect all the error

messages of all the non-valid controls and put them in a tidy list. The list can beeither shown on the web page (as shown in the example above) or with a popup box

Conclusion

This article targets to the developers who have directly started working on ASP.Net and

also for the web developers who have migrated from ASP to ASP.Net. This article is at the

draft level and might need additions which I intend to do.I welcome suggestion or criticism!!

I would request to add as much feedback to this article post as possible. I would keep this

post updated.

ASP.NET:

1. ASP.Net web forms have a code behind file which contains all event handling code.2. ASP.Net web forms inherit the class written in code behind.

3. ASP.Net web forms use full fledged programming language4. ASP.Net web applications are configurable (web.config)5. ASP.Net webforms can use custom controls through the @ register directive


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6. ASP.Net web forms have ADO.Net which supports XML integration and integration of data from

two or more data sources

ASP:

1. ASP does not have such facility to separate programming logic from design.2. ASP does not have the concept of inheritance.3. ASP pages use scripting language.4. ASP applications are not.5. It is not available with ASP.6. while ASP has ADO which is a simple COM object with limited facilities.

Features of ide are:

Visual Studio 2008 code name "Orcas" Beta 2has just hit the road and, since it is Beta 2,

this means Visual Studio 2008 is feature complete and is ready for RTM. Below, we would

find a brief introduction of some of the new featuresintroduced with VS 2008 and .NET3.5 Beta 2.

A quick list of some of the new features are:

Multi-Targeting support

Web Designer and CSS support

ASP.NET AJAX and JavaScript support Project Designer

Data

LINQ Language Integrated Query

The features listed and explained in this paper are not complete and this documentintends to give you a forehand to start off with VS 2008.

1. Multi-Targeting Support

Earlier, each Visual Studio release only supported a specific version of the .NET Framework.

For example, VS 2003 only works with .NET 1.1, and VS 2005 only works with .NET 2.0.

One of the major changes with the VS 2008 release is to support what Microsoft calls "Multi-

Targeting". This means that Visual Studio will now support targeting multiple versions of the
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.NET Framework, and developers will be able to take advantage of the new features thatVisual Studio provides without having to migrate their existing projects and deployedapplications to use a new version of the .NET Framework.

Now when we open an existing project or create a new one with VS 2008, we can pick

which version of the .NET Framework to work with. The IDE will update its compilers andfeature-set to match the chosen .NET Framework.

Features, controls, projects, item-templates, and references that do not work with theselected version of the Framework will be made unavailable or will be hidden.

Unfortunately, support has not been included to work with Framework versions 1.1 andearlier. The present release supports 2.0/3.0 and 3.5 .NET Frameworks.

Microsoft plans to continue multi-targeting support in all future releases of Visual Studio.

Creating a New Project with Visual Studio 2008 that Targets .NET 2.0

Framework Library

The screenshots below depict the creation of a new web application targeting .NET 2.0

Framework. Choose File->New Project. As we see in the snapshot below in the top-right ofthe new project dialog, there is now a dropdown that allows us to choose which versions of

the .NET Framework we want to target when we create the new project. The templatesavailable are filtered depending on the version of the Framework chosen from thedropdown:


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Can I Upgrade an Existing Project to .NET 3.5?

When we open a solution created using an older version of Visual Studio and Framework, VS

2008 would ask if migration is required. If we opt to migrate, then a migration wizard would

start. If we wish to upgrade our project to target a newer version of the Framework at a

later point of time, we can pull up the project properties page and choose the Target

Framework. The required assemblies are automatically referenced. The snapshot belowshows the properties page with the option Target Framework marked.

2. Web Designer, Editing and CSS Support

One feature that web developers will discover with VS 2008 is its drastically improved HTMLdesigner, and the extensive CSS support made available.

The snapshots below depict some of the new web designer features in-built into VS 2008.

Split View Editing

In addition to the existing views, Design view and Code view, VS 2008 brings along the Split

view which allows us to view both the HTML source and the Design View at the same-time,

and easily make changes in any of the views. As shown in the image below, as we select atag in code view, the corresponding elements/controls are selected in design view.


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CSS Style Manager

VS 2008 introduces a new tool inside the IDE called "Manage Styles". This shows all ofthe CSS style sheets for the page.

It can be used when we are in any of the views - design, code and split views. Manage

Styles tool can be activated by choosing Format -> CSS Styles -> Manage Styles from themenu. A snapshot of the same would look like the following:


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Create a new style using the new style dialog window as show in the snapshot below.

Now, the style manager would show .labelcaption style as well in the CSS styles list.

However, if we observe that the body element has a circle around it but

the .labelcaption does not have one, this is because the style is not in use yet.


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We will not select all the labels below and apply our new style .labelcaption.

We can choose to modify the existing style through GUI using "Modify style..." menu option

in the dropdown menu as shown above or choose to hand edit the code by choosing theoption "Go To Code".


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CSS Source View Intellisense

The designer is equipped with the ability to select an element or control in design-view, andgraphically select a rule from the CSS list to apply to it.

We will also find when in source mode that we now have intellisense support for specifying

CSS class rules. The CSS Intellisense is supported in both regular ASP.NET pages as wellas when working with pages based on master pages.

Code Editing Enhancements

Below is a non-exhaustive list of a few new code editing improvements. There are many

more about which I don't know yet.

Transparent Intellisense Mode

While using VS 2005/2003 we often find ourselves escaping out of intellisense in order tobetter see the code around, and then go back and complete what we were doing.

VS 2008 provides a new feature which allows us to quickly make the intellisense drop-down list semi-transparent. Just hold down the "Ctrl" key while the intellisense drop-down is

visible and we will be able to switch it into a transparent mode that enables us to look at thecode beneath without having to escape out of Intellisense. The screenshot below depicts thesame.


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Organize C# Using Statements

One of the small, but a nice new feature in VS 2008 is support for betterorganizing using statements in C#. We can now select a list ofusing statements, right-click,

and then select the "Organize Usings" sub-menu. When we use this command the IDE willanalyze what types are used in the code file, and will automatically remove those

namespaces that are declared but not required. A small and handy feature for coderefactoring.

3. ASP.NET AJAX and JavaScript Support


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JavaScript Intellisense

One new feature that developers will find with VS 2008 is its built-in support for JavaScript

Intellisense. This makes using JavaScript and building AJAX applications significantly easier.

A double click on HTML control in design mode would automatically create a click event to

the button and would create the basic skeleton of the JavaScript function. As we see in the

depicted image below, JavaScript Intellisense is inbuilt now. Other JavaScript

Intellisensefeatures include Intellisense for external JavaScript libraries and addingIntellisense hints to JavaScript functions.

JavaScript Debugging

One new JavaScript feature in VS 2008 is the much-improved support for JavaScriptdebugging. This makes debugging AJAX applications significantly easier. JavaScript

debugging was made available in VS 2005 itself. However, we had to run the webapplication first to set the breakpoint or use the "debugger" JavaScript statement.

VS 2008 makes this much better by adding new support that allows us to set client-

side JavaScript breakpoints directly within your server-side.aspxand .master source files.

We can now set both client-side JavaScript breakpoints and VB/C# server-

side breakpoints at the same time on the same page and use a single debugger to step

through both the server-side and client-side code in a single debug session. This featureis extremely useful for AJAX applications. The breakpoints are fully supported in externalJavaScript libraries as well.

4. Few Other Features and Enhancements

Below is a list of few other enhancements and new features included in Microsoft VisualStudio 2008.


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Project Designer

Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications have been added to Visual Studio2008. There are four WPF project types:

WinFX Windows Application

WinFX Web Browser Application

WinFX Custom Control Library WinFX Service Library

When a WPF project is loaded in the IDE, the user interface of the Project Designer pageslets us specify properties specific to WPF applications.

Data

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Beta 2 includes the following new features to incorporatedata into applications:

The Object Relational Designer (O/R Designer) assists developers in creating andediting the objects (LINQ to SQL entities) that map between an application and a

remote database Hierarchical update capabilities in Dataset Designer, providing generated code that

includes the save logic required to maintain referential integrity between related

tables Local database caching incorporates an SQL Server Compact 3.5 database into an

application and configures it to periodically synchronize the data with a remote

database on a server. Local database caching enables applications to reduce thenumber of round trips between the application and a database server

LINQ Language Integrated QueryLINQ is a new feature in VS 2008 that broadens great querying capabilities into the

language syntax. LINQ introduces patterns for querying and updating data. A set of new

assemblies are provided that enable the use of LINQ with collections, SQL databases, andXML documents.

Visual Studio 2008 Debugger

The Visual Studio 2008 debugger has been enhanced with the following features:

Remote debugging support on Windows Vista Improved support for debugging multithreaded applications Debugging support for LINQ programming

Debugging support for Windows Communications Foundation

Support for script debugging, including client-side script files generated from server-side script now appear in Solution Explorer


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Reporting

Visual Studio 2008 provides several new reporting features and improvements such as:

New Report Projects: Visual Studio 2008 includes two new project templates for

creating reporting applications. When we create a new Reports Application project,Visual Studio provides a report (.rdlc) and a form with a ReportViewer control boundto the report.

Report Wizard: Visual Studio 2008 introduces a Report Wizard, which guides usthrough the steps to create a basic report. After we complete the wizard, we canenhance the report by using Report Designer.

Expression Editor Enhancement: The Expression Editor now provides expressionsthat we can use directly or customize as required.

PDF Compression: The ReportViewer controls can now compress reports that arerendered or exported to thePDF format.

License

This article has no explicit license attached to it but may contain usage terms in the articletext or the download files themselves. If in doubt please contact the author via thediscussion board below.

A list of licenses authors might use can be foundhere

About the Author

Ramana. Gali

Software Developer(Senior)

Singapore

Member

C# Developer have Hands on Web Developement using ASP.NET,

Web Services, Win Serivces, Pocket PC, Smart Device,Enterprize

Security Applications and Win Forms Development using .NET FW1.1 & 2.0.

Microsoft Visual Studio is anintegrated development environment(IDE) fromMicrosoft. It is used to

developconsoleandgraphical user interfaceapplicationsalong withWindows Formsapplications,web

sites,web applications, andweb servicesin bothnative codetogether withmanaged codefor all
http://www.codeproject.com/info/Licenses.aspxhttp://www.codeproject.com/info/Licenses.aspxhttp://www.codeproject.com/info/Licenses.aspxhttp://www.codeproject.com/Members/Ramana-Galihttp://www.codeproject.com/Members/Ramana-Galihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environmenthttp://www.codeproject.com/Members/Ramana-Galihttp://www.codeproject.com/info/Licenses.aspx


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platforms supported byMicrosoft Windows,Windows Mobile,Windows CE,.NET Framework,.NET

Compact FrameworkandMicrosoft Silverlight.

Visual Studio includes acode editorsupportingIntelliSenseas well ascode refactoring. The

integrateddebuggerworks both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level debugger. Other built-in

tools include a forms designer for buildingGUIapplications, web designer,classdesigner, anddatabase

schemadesigner. It accepts plug-ins that enhance the functionality at almost every level

including

adding support forsource-controlsystems (likeSubversionandVisual SourceSafe) and adding new

toolsets like editors and visual designers fordomain-specific languagesor toolsets for other aspects of

thesoftware development lifecycle(like theTeam Foundation Serverclient: Team Explorer).

Visual Studio supports differentprogramming languagesby means of language services, which allow the

code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly any programming language, provided a

language-specific service exists. Built-in languages includeC/C++(viaVisual C++),VB.NET(viaVisual

Basic .NET),C#(viaVisual C#), andF#(as of Visual Studio 2010[3]

). Support for other languages such

asM,Python, andRubyamong others is available via language services installed separately. It also

supportsXML/XSLT,HTML/XHTML,JavaScriptandCSS. Individual language-specific versions of Visual

Studio also exist which provide more limited language services to the user: Microsoft Visual Basic, VisualJ#, Visual C#, and Visual C++.

Microsoft provides "Express" editions of its Visual Studio 2010 components Visual Basic, Visual C#,

Visual C++, and Visual Web Developer at no cost. Visual Studio 2010, 2008 and 2005 Professional

Editions, along with language-specific versions (Visual Basic, C++, C#, J#) of Visual Studio Express 2010

are available for free to students as downloads via Microsoft'sDreamSparkprogram.

Contents

[hide]

1 Architecture

2 Features

o 2.1 Code editor

o 2.2 Debugger

o 2.3 Designer

o 2.4 Other tools

o 2.5 Extensibility

3 Supported products

o 3.1 Included products

o 3.2 Previous products

4 Editions

o 4.1 Visual Studio Express

o 4.2 Visual Studio LightSwitch
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o 4.3 Visual Studio Professional

o 4.4 Visual Studio Premium

o 4.5 Visual Studio Tools for Office

o 4.6 Visual Studio Ultimate

4.6.1 Visual Studio Team System

o 4.7 Test Professional

o 4.8 Editions feature grid

5 Version history

o 5.1 Visual Studio 97

o 5.2 Visual Studio 6.0 (1998)

o 5.3 Visual Studio .NET (2002)

o 5.4 Visual Studio .NET 2003




5.7.1 Visual Studio Ultimate 2010

o 5.8 Upcoming version

6 Visual Studio Application Lifecycle Management

7 See also

8 References

9 External links

[edit]Architecture

Visual Studio does not support any programming language, solution or tool intrinsically, instead allows the

plugging of functionality coded as a VSPackage. When installed, the functionality is available as

a Service. The IDE provides three services: SVsSolution, which provides the ability to enumerate projects

and solutions; SVsUIShell, which provides windowing and UI functionality (including tabs, toolbars and

tool windows); and SVsShell, which deals with registration of VSPackages. In addition, the IDE is also

responsible for coordinating and enabling communication between services.[4]

All editors, designers,

project types and other tools are implemented as VSPackages. Visual Studio usesCOMto access theVSPackages. The Visual StudioSDKalso includes the Managed Package Framework(MPF), which is a

set ofmanagedwrappers around the COM-interfaces that allow the Packages to be written in anyCLI

compliant language.[5]

However, MPF does not provide all the functionality exposed by the Visual Studio

COM interfaces.[6]

The services can then be consumed for creation of other packages, which add

functionality to the Visual Studio IDE.
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Support for programming languages is added by using a specific VSPackage called a Language Service.

A language service defines various interfaces which the VSPackage implementation can implement to

add support for various functionalities.[7]

Functionalities that can be added this way include syntax

coloring, statement completion, brace matching, parameter information tooltips, member lists and error

markers for background compilation.[7]

If the interface is implemented, the functionality will be available for

the language. Language services are to be implemented on a per-language basis. The implementationscan reuse code from the parser or the compiler for the language .

[7]Language services can be

implemented either innative codeormanaged code. For native code, either the native COM interfaces or

the Babel Framework (part of Visual Studio SDK) can be used.[8]

For managed code, the MPF includes

wrappers for writing managed language services.[9]

Visual Studio does not include anysource controlsupport built in but it defines two alternative ways for

source control systems to integrate with the IDE.[10]

A Source Control VSPackage can provide its own

customised user interface. In contrast, a source control plugin using the MSSCCI(Microsoft Source Code

Control Interface) provides a set of functions that are used to implement various source control

functionality, with a standard Visual Studio user interface.[11][12]

MSSCCI was first used to integrateVisual

SourceSafewith Visual Studio 6.0 but was later opened up via the Visual Studio SDK. Visual Studio .NET2002 used MSSCCI 1.1, and Visual Studio .NET 2003 used MSSCCI 1.2. Visual Studio 2005, 2008 and

2010 use MSSCCI Version 1.3, which adds support for rename and delete propagation as well as

asynchronous opening.[12]

Visual Studio supports running multiple instances of the environment (each with its own set of

VSPackages). The instances use differentregistry hives(seeMSDN'sdefinitionof the term

"registry hive" in the sense used here) to store their configuration state and are differentiated by their

AppId (Application ID). The instances are launched by an AppId-specific .exe that selects the AppId, sets

the root hive and launches the IDE. VSPackages registered for one AppId are integrated with other

VSPackages for that AppId. The various product editions of Visual Studio are created using the different

AppIds. TheVisual Studio Expressedition products are installed with their own AppIds, but the Standard,

Professional andTeam Suiteproducts share the same AppId. Consequently, one can install the Express

editions side-by-side with other editions, unlike the other editions which update the same installation. The

professional edition includes a superset of the VSPackages in the standard edition and the team suite

includes a superset of the VSPackages in both other editions. The AppId system is leveraged by

theVisual Studio Shellin Visual Studio 2008.[13]

[edit]Features

[edit]Code editor

Visual Studio, like any otherIDE, includes acode editorthat supportssyntax highlightingandcode

completionusingIntelliSensefor not onlyvariables,functionsandmethodsbut also language constructs

likeloopsandqueries.[14]IntelliSense is supported for the included languages, as well as forXMLand

forCascading Style SheetsandJavaScriptwhen developing web sites andweb

applications.[15][16]

Autocomplete suggestions are popped up in a modeless list box, overlaid on top of the

code editor. In Visual Studio 2008 onwards, it can be made temporarily semi-transparent to see the code

obstructed by it.[14]

The code editor is used for all supported languages.

The Visual Studio code editor also supports setting bookmarks in code for quick navigation. Other

navigational aids include collapsing code blocks andincremental search, in addition to normal text search
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andregexsearch.[17]

The code editor also includes a multi-itemclipboardand a task list.[17]

The code

editor supports code snippets, which are saved templates for repetitive code and can be inserted into

code and customized for the project being worked on. A management tool for code snippets is built in as

well. These tools are surfaced as floating windows which can be set to automatically hide when unused or

docked to the side of the screen. The Visual Studio code editor also supports code refactoringincluding

parameter reordering, variable and method renaming,interfaceextraction and encapsulation of classmembers inside properties, among others.

Visual Studio features background compilation (also called incremental compilation).[18][19]

As code is

being written, Visual Studio compiles it in the background in order to provide feedback about syntax and

compilation errors, which are flagged with a red wavy underline. Warnings are marked with a green

underline. Background compilation does not generate executable code, since it requires a different

compiler than the one used to generate executable code.[20]

Background compilation was initially

introduced withMicrosoft Visual Basicbut has now been expanded for all included languages.[19]

[edit]Debugger

Main article:Microsoft Visual Studio Debugger

Visual Studio includes adebuggerthat works both as a source-level debugger and as a machine-level

debugger. It works with bothmanaged codeas well asnative codeand can be used for debugging

applications written in any language supported by Visual Studio. In addition, it can also attach to running

processes and monitor and debug those processes.[21]

If source code for the running process is available,

it displays the code as it is being run. If source code is not available, it can show the disassembly. The

Visual Studio debugger can also creatememory dumpsas well as load them later for debugging.[22]

Multi-

threaded programs are also supported. The debugger can be configured to be launched when an

application running outside the Visual Studio environment crashes.

The debugger allows settingbreakpoints(which allow execution to be stopped temporarily at a certainposition) and watches (which monitor the values of variables as the execution progresses) .

[23]Breakpoints

can be conditional, meaning they get triggered when the condition is met. Code can be stepped over, i.e.,

run one line (of source code) at a time.[24]

It can eitherstep into functions to debug inside it, orstep overit,

i.e., the execution of the function body isn't available for manual inspection.[24]

The debugger

supports Edit and Continue, i.e., it allows code to be edited as it is being debugged (32 bit only; not

supported in 64 bit).[25]

When debugging, if the mouse pointer hovers over any variable, its current value

is displayed in a tooltip ("data tooltips"), where it can also be modified if desired. During coding, the Visual

Studio debugger lets certain functions be invoked manually from the Immediate tool window. The

parameters to the method are supplied at the Immediate window.[26]

[edit]Designer

This section needs additionalcitationsforverification. Please helpimprove this articleby

adding citations toreliable sources. Unsourced material may bechallengedandremoved.(May

2008)

Visual Studio includes a host of visual designers to aid in the development of applications. These tools

include:
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Visual Studio Web Designer in code editor view

Visual Studio 2005 in Class Designer view

Windows Forms Designer

The Windows Forms designer is used to buildGUIapplications usingWindows Forms. Layout

can be controlled by housing the controls inside other containers or locking them to the side of

the form. Controls that display data (like textbox, list box, grid view, etc.) can beboundto data

sources likedatabasesorqueries. Data-bound controls can be created by dragging items from

the Data Sources window onto a design surface.[27]

The UI is linked with code using anevent-

driven programmingmodel. The designer generates eitherC#orVB.NETcode for the application.

WPF Designer

The WPF designer, codenamed Cider,[28]

was introduced with Visual Studio 2008. Like the

Windows Forms designer it supports the drag and drop metaphor. It is used to authoruser

interfacestargetingWindows Presentation Foundation. It supports all WPF functionality

includingdata bindingand automatic layout management. It generatesXAMLcode for the UI.

The generatedXAMLfile is compatible withMicrosoft Expression Design, the designer-oriented

product. The XAML code is linked with code using a code-behindmodel.
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Web designer/development

Visual Studio also includes a web-site editor and designer that allows web pages to be authored

by dragging and dropping widgets. It is used for developingASP.NETapplications and

supportsHTML,CSSandJavaScript. It uses acode-behindmodel to link with ASP.NET code.

From Visual Studio 2008 onwards, the layout engine used by the web designer is shared

withMicrosoft Expression Web. There is alsoASP.NET MVCsupport forMVCtechnology as a

separate download[29]

andASP.NET Dynamic Dataproject available from Microsoft[30]

Class designer

The Class Designer is used to author and edit the classes (including its members and their

access) usingUMLmodeling. The Class Designer can generateC#andVB.NETcode outlines

for the classes and methods. It can also generate class diagrams from hand-written classes.

Data designer

The data designer can be used to graphically editdatabase schemas, including typed tables,

primary and foreign keys and constraints. It can also be used to design queries from the graphical

view.

Mapping designer

From Visual Studio 2008 onwards, the mapping designer is used byLINQ to SQLto design

themappingbetween database schemasand theclassesthat encapsulate the data. The new

solution from ORM approach,ADO.NET Entity Framework, replaces and improves the old

technology.

[edit]Other tools

This section needs additionalcitationsforverification. Pleasehelpimprove this articleby adding citations toreliable sources.

Unsourced material may bechallengedandremoved.(May 2008)

Open Tabs Browser

The open tabs browser is used to list all open tabs and to switch between them. It is invoked

using CTRL+TAB.

Properties Editor

The Properties Editortool is used to edit properties in a GUI pane inside Visual Studio. It lists all

available properties (both read-only and those which can be set) for all objects includingclasses,forms, web pages and other items.

Object Browser

The Object Browseris anamespaceandclass librarybrowser forMicrosoft .NET. It can be used

to browse the namespaces (which are arranged hierarchically) in managedassemblies. The

hierarchy may or may not reflect the organization in the file system.

Solution Explorer
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