dietary planning 2012 for posting

7/29/2019 Dietary Planning 2012 for Posting

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Dietary Planning,

Canadas Food Guide

and Nutritional

Requirements

Dr. Terry McCurdy

September 2012

Dietary Guidelines

Canadas food guide just turned 70

Began as Canadas Official Food Rules in

1942, for population health during the war

(especially the soldiers who were being

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recru e

Now Eating Well with Canadas Food Guide,

there have been a number of versions

Unfortunately the guide has been affected by

the interest of lobby groups, see the twitter

post entitled The politics of food guides

Nutritional science has determined required

nutrients

Governments have established dietary

Dietary Recommendations

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standards, the WHO global standards

Canada and the US have collaborated on

Dietary Reference Intakes

Evidence used to develop Canadas

Food Guide

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) (a set of

nutrient reference values for vitamins,

minerals, macronutrients and ener

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Based on association between foods andchronic diseases

Guide used modelling to develop the eating

pattern Examined food combinations (500+ generated) for eating

pattern to meet nutrient needs, using DRI nutrient reference

values


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Association between foods and

chronic diseases

Convincing evidence Vegetables and fruit: CVD and Cancer

Whole rains: CVD

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Fish: CVD

Food recommendations needed consistencywith evidence Consistent with vegetables, fruit and whole grains

Newest version added recommendations for fish


4 categories forDRIs

1.Estimated average requirement orEAR,

estimates amount of a nutrient to meet

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needs of 50% of the population

2.Recommended Dietary Allowance orRDA,

based on EAR, but higher to encompass

needs of 97% of the population


continued

3. Adequate intake orAI, value used if there is

insufficient data to calculate RDA

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. o era e upper n a e eve or , amoun

below which there is little chance of adverse

health effect

Vitamins and

minerals

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

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RDA is assessed

against Estimated

Average

Requirement

(EAR) when

available or

Adequate Intake(AI)


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DRIs

EARs, requirement of

50% of the population

RDAs meets needs of

97%

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UL, max amount of

nutrient with no toxicity

AI exists if no EAR and

RDA

Estimated Energy Requirements

Used to calculate calories to maintain stable

weight in healthy individual

Based on age, gender, weight, height and

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activity level

Calculation you will use in the Diet & Activity

exercise in tutorial

AMDRs

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Eating Well with Canadas Food

Guide

Rainbow design emphasizes

vegetables, fruit, and grains,

size of band reflects amount

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Describes overall eating

pattern for good health


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Estimating Serving Sizes

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Estimating Serving Sizes

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Food Labels

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Food Guide website

Includes interactive tools:

Guided tour

My Food Guide

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Links to Dietitians

of Canada EaTracker

www.healthcanada.gc.ca/foodguide

www.eatracker.ca

Mnemonic for Diet Planning

Adequacy

Balance

Calorie control

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Nutrient Density

Moderation

Variety

Resource for Educators and

Communicators

Provides background

information on the

content of the Food

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Guide

Can be viewed or

downloaded from the Food

Guide site

US Dietary Recommendations

US new graphic is

ChooseMyPlate

Tool helpful in

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explaining

proportions


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Other Useful Tools

Just the Basics factsheet for those newly diagnosed

with type 2 diabetes posted on A2L

Text has appendix for using Beyond the Basics

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Assessment of Nutri tional

Health

Determination of

dietary intake

Analysis of

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nutrients in dietary

intake

Anthopometric

Measurements

Medical History

Laboratory

Measurements

Nutrient Deficiency

Can be due to inadequate intake primary

deficiency

Secondary deficiency may be due to drug or

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illness

Easy to detect if there are clinical signs

Subclinical deficiency occurs before outward

signs appear

Normal Blood Values of

Nutritional Relevance

Text Appendix C Hematocrit (ml/100 ml)

Men 0.43 - 0.52

Women 0.37 - 0.46

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Hemoglobin (g/L)

Men 140 - 174

Women 123 157

Ferritin 10-250 g/L

Iron 7-36 nmol/L


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Assessing Nutrient Deficiencies

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Nutritional Status of Populations

In the US the National

Health and Nutrition

Examination Survey or

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population data

In Canada the

Canadian Community

Health Survey is used to

monitor trends in the

countrys health and

nutritional status

Canadian Communi ty Health

Survey

CCHS began in 2000

Created to examine nutritional status in this

country

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Looks at trends in food intake and effect on

health

Is ongoing

Canadian Healthy Eating Index

CHEI compares diets to Canadas Food

Guide

Average CHEI score for Canadians is 58.8%

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Govt response is to set goals for 2015 to

increase by 20%

Healthy food choices by Canadians

Physical activity of 30 mins/day

Canadians with BMIs in optimal range

dietary planning 2012 for posting

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