diet in hinduism
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Diet in HinduismFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Diet in Hinduismis traditionally governed by the rules laid out in theDharmastras,a genre ofSanskrittexts pertaining
to Hindureligious and legal duty !he Dharmastras has put much emphasis on "ho#ana$%that &hich is en#oyed%' (thers
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have attached additional Hindu )a& instructions and taboos to food !ogether, these address areas such as ho& many
times food &as to be taken, the kinds of foods and drinks allo&ed or forbidden, &hat causes food defilement, &hose food
&as to be eaten, and eti*uette and ceremonies before taking food both at the time of taking it as &ell as after taking it+-
Contents
[hide]
1 ood in the Vedas
! ood in the "harma#$stras
% ood and asceticism
& Ve'etarian (indus
) Non*ve'etarian (indus
+ ,ee also
- eferences
/ 0iblio'raphy
Food in the Vedas[edit]
!he oldest Hindu text .ig /eda$012345' speaks about the flesh of the cattle and the horses6+7-
!he fiend &ho smears himself &ith flesh of cattle, &ith flesh of horses and of human bodies,
Who steals the milch4co&8s milk a&ay, (9gni,:tear off the heads of such &ith fiery fury
!he co& gives milk each year, ( ;an4regarder let not the may9diticast off the evildoers
;ay the ?od Savitar give them up to ruin, and be their share of plants and herbs denied them
9gni, from days of old thou slayest demons never shall .kasas in fight o@ercome thee
"urn up the foolish ones, the flesh4devourers let none of them escape thine heavenly arro&
:.ig /eda$012345'
Some consider this as a disapproval of the co& slaughter and meat eating in general+A-(thers put it in the context of
demons and evil spirits $
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!he9tharva /edabans only the eating of the ra& flesh and the human flesh6
!hose &ho eat flesh uncooked, and those &ho eat the bleeding flesh of men,
Feeders on babes unborn, long4haired, far from this place &e banish these
:9tharva /eda$137A'+5-
!he pastamba Erautastra from
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his creatures+C-!he production of food is the immediate concern after the creation of the very first beings (ther creation
myths exist, each of &hich, ho&ever, connect creation, food, and sacrifice Food &as held in high respects, according to
the Dharmastra, from the very beginning ;anu %From the sun comes rain, and from rain food, and therefrom the living
creatures derive their subsistenceI+3-
Jane and (livelle both reference the command that G(ne should not speak ill of food !hat is the ruleI to further the point
that food is established upon food Food being established upon food in this text is the ancient &ay of describing the
correlation bet&een food and eater, that one cannot exist &ithout the other G!he &hole of creation, therefore, is a vast
food chain%+2-
9s &ell as being the source of creation, food is also seen as a danger in Hindu society 9s food is the source of creation
at the cosmic level, so is it the source of immorality at a social level Food is central to sacrificial offerings to the gods
ven of the five daily sacrifices, four of them involve transaction of food =n this &ay, since the cosmos represents a giant
food cycle, the interdependence of all beings is expressed in the transaction of food
9lthough in most Dharmastra texts the behavior to&ards food is described more for "rahmins, the elite caste, recent
studies of these texts sho& that similar behavioral patterns existed at all levels of Hindu society !his culture has
formulated many prohibitions and classifications &ith regard to food as a critical mechanism for the formation of social
groups and the expression of leadership (ther such social classes in society that are to obey in#unctions of food are the
mendicant &orld renouncers and the sedentary forest hermits
Food and asceticism[edit]
/arious vegetarian dishes from;umbai,=ndia
!he &orld renouncer is not allo&ed to produce, store, or prepare food He obtains his daily food solely by begging
"ecause there is a proper time for this begging, &hich is after the householders of the upper classes have finished their
food, his meals consist of their left4overs Distinct types of begging exist, &ith each different method pertaining to a
different subclass of these mendicants !he lo&est class eats at the house of his son or his relative, the next class does
not go to the house of his relative, but rather begs his food from seven other houses !he highest, archetypal renouncer
begs randomly, but obtains #ust a morsel from each of the houses from &hich he begs 9s these classes of people cannot
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produce or store food, their relationship to this entity is one4&ay !he renouncer does not engage in any form of food
transaction, only reception+1-
!he foresthermits,on the other hand, are not mediated in their food habits by culture !heir food is &ild and uncultivated
!heir diet &ould consist mainly of fruits, roots, leaves, and anything that gro&s naturally in the forest Forbidden to them is
anything that is cultivated ?aut === A7 and "audh ==3 state that MHe shall not step on plo&ed land> he shall not enter a
village@+5-)ike the renouncers, the forest hermits are further subdivided into those &ho cook their food and those &ho do
not cook their food ach of these subcategories are even further divided into five classes based upon &hether they only
eat grains, or only roots, and so on for those that cook For those &ho do not cook their food, their five classes are based
more on ho& they eat their food6 &ith hands only, &ith mouth only and so on
(bserving ascetical food codes and habits allo&s scholars to make generaliKations regarding food according to these
patterns For instance, (livelle claims that four distinct areas of Hindu relationships to food exist in ascetical food
practices !hese &ould be procurement, storage, preparation, and consumption =n these areas, humans put forth much
effort and energy to follo& them correctly !his then, becomes a social as &ell as cultural endeavor for &hich to practice
!he rules of the ascetics sho& that they take and eat only that &hich is enough for their sustenance !he creation myths
at the cosmic levels sho& that the ideal &orld &ith provide everything humans need, so long as humans take only &hat is
necessary to them !aking more than one needs or &hat is commanded of one@s caste results in greed and the overall
deterioration of the &orld Food then, is a dangerous substance, as &ell as the source of all things in being !he
relationship bet&een a man and his food, then, is his relationship to the cosmos
Vegetarian Hindus[edit]
.a#asthanivegetarian cuisine
Some ma#or paths ofHinduismholdvegetarianismas an ideal !here are three main reasons for this6 the principle of
nonviolence $ahimsa'applied to animals,+70-the intention to offer only %pure% $vegetarian' food to a deity and then to
receive it back asprasad,+7-and the conviction that non4vegetarian food is detrimental for the mind and for spiritual
development ;any Hindus point to scriptural bases, such as the;ahabharata8s maxim that %Nonviolence is the highest
duty and the highest teaching,%+77-as advocating a vegetarian diet
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!here are many Hindu groups that have continued to abide by a strict vegetarian diet in modern times (ne example is
the movement kno&n as =SJO(N $=nternational Society for Jrishna Oonsciousness', &hose follo&ers Gnot only abstain
from meat, fish, and fo&l, but also avoid certain vegetables that are thought to have negative properties, such as onion,
mushrooms and garlicI+7A-9 second example is the S&aminarayan;ovement !he follo&ers of this Hindu group also
staunchly adhere to a diet that is devoid of meat, eggs, and seafood+7B-
/egetarianism is propagated by the
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See also[edit]
Sattvic dietFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article has multiple issues. Please helpimprove itor discuss these issues on thetalk page.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010)
This article relies onreferencestoprimary sources. (September 2012)
9 sattvic diet, also referred to as a yoga dietor sentient diet, is a diet based on foods that:
according to9yurvedaand
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o 1./ ,pices
o 1.5 ,attvic herbs
! a6asic 7stimulant8 foods
% Tamasic 7sedative8 foods
o %.1 ,criptural references
& ,ee also
) eferences
+ E9ternal lin:s
Sattvic foods[edit]
Nuts, Seeds, and ils[edit]
Fresh nutsand seedsthat have not been overly roasted and salted are good additions to the sattvicdiet in small portions+citation needed-Ohoices includealmonds$especially &hen soaked in &ater overnight
and then peeled',hemp seeds,coconuts, pine nuts, &alnuts,sesame seeds,pumpkin seedsandflax
seeds(ilsshould be of good *uality and cold4pressed Some choices are olive oil,sesame oiland flax
oil;ost oils should only be eaten in their ra& state, but some oils like ghee, sesame oil, palm oil, and
coconut oil can be used in cooking
Fruit[edit]
Dairy[edit]
!he milk must be obtained from an animal that has a spacious outdoor environment, an abundance of
pasture to feed on, &ater to drink, is treated &ith love and care, and is not pregnant !he milk may only
be collected once the mother8s calf has its share Dairy products like yogurt and cheese $paneer'must
be made that day, from milk obtained that day "utter must be fresh daily as &ell, and ra&> but ghee
$clarified butter' can be aged forever, and is great for cooking Freshness is key &ith dairy ;ilk that is
freshly milked from a happy co&, still &arm, is nectar to man and &oman ;ilk that is not consumed
fresh can be refrigerated for one to t&o &eeks in its ra& state, but must be brought to a boil before
drinking, and drunk &hile still hotQ&arm LasteuriKation, homogeniKation, and the use of ?;(s and
pesticides are all considered poisonous to humans 44 as is the consumption of milk from co&s that aretreated poorly, and consuming cold milk 9s finding milk that surpasses these standards is extremely
rare, people in &estern countries often choose to follo& a vegan Sattvic diet+citation needed-
Vegeta!les[edit]
;ost mildvegetablesare considered sattvic Lungent vegetables like hot
peppers,leek,garlicandonionare excluded, as are gas4forming foods such as mushrooms$tamasic,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Spiceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Sattvic_herbshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Rajasic_.28stimulant.29_foodshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Tamasic_.28sedative.29_foodshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Scriptural_referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#See_alsohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#External_linkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=1https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nut_(fruit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp#Foodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp#Foodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp#Foodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine_nuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=3https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paneerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paneerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarified_butterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pepperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pepperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pepperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Spiceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Sattvic_herbshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Rajasic_.28stimulant.29_foodshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Tamasic_.28sedative.29_foodshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Scriptural_referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#See_alsohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet#External_linkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=1https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nut_(fruit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemp#Foodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine_nuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumpkin_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_seedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flax_oilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=3https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paneerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarified_butterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sattvic_diet&action=edit§ion=5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pepperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_pepperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom -
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as are allfungi' and potatoes Some consider the Solanaceaefamily $tomatoes, peppers, eggplants,
and potatoes' as not sattvic, but most consider the9lliumfamily $garlic, onion, leeks, shallots', as &ell
as fungus $yeasts, molds, and mushrooms' as not sattvic !he classification of &hether something is
sattvic or not is defined largely by the different schools of thought, and 4 even then 4 individually,
depending on the understanding and needs of practitioners Sometimes the given nature of certain
foods can be neutralised by careful preparation 9 practice is to drink freshly made vegetable #uices for
their prana,liveenKymes, and easy absorption+citation needed-
"hole grains[edit]
Whole grainsprovide nourishment Some include organicrice, &hole &heat,spelt,oatmealandbarley
Sometimes the grains are lightly roasted before cooking to remove some of their heavy *uality
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Sattvic her!s[edit]
(therherbsare used to directly support sattva in the mind and in meditation !hese
include ash&agandha,bacopa,calamus,gotu kola,gingko, #atamansi, purnarnava, shatavari, saffron,
shankhapushpi,tulsiandrose
'a(asic )stimulant* foods[edit]
Stimulant foods, also called mutative foods, muta!le foodsor ra(asicfoods, are foods that often
provoke mental restlessness !hey are not completely beneficial, nor are they harmful, to body or
mind Foods that cannot be categoriKed as either sentient or static are classified in this food group
!hese foods are thought by some to cause aggressive and dominating thoughts, especially to&ards
others+citation needed-
Stimulant foods energiKe and develop the manipura $navel' chakra and body but do not promote
advancement in the higher chakras
Such foods include6caffeinateddrinks such as coffee,tea$both black and green',cola drinks, energy
drinks, bro&n or black chocolate,gingko biloba,spicy food, salt, and unfertiliKed egg
+amasic )sedative* foods[edit]
Sedative foods, also called static foods, or tamasicfoodsare foods &hose consumption, according
to
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regulation of food habits =n other texts, like Hatha