diagram a cell with four chromosomes going through meiosis
TRANSCRIPT
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Diagram a cell with four chromosomes going through
meiosis.
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Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Mitosis• One division• 2 diploid
daughter cells• Identical to
parent cell
Mitosis• Two divisions• 4 haploid
daughter cells• Genetically
different from parent cell
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__how_meiosis_works.html
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Nucleus chromosomes
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• Get one small, one medium and one large of each color chromosome.
• What do the colors represent? • The Beads?
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• Pair up chromatids with same size and color
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• Pair up chromatids with same size and color• What does this represent?• What stage?• Haploid or diploid?
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• Match homologous chromosomes
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• Match homologous chromosomes• What are homologous chromosomes.
Carry the same traits Each
homologous pair has one from each parent
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Demonstrate crossing over during prophase.
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Demonstrate crossing over during prophase.
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• Demonstrate metaphase
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Demonstrate metaphase
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• Demonstrate the first division • Anaphase I and Telophase I
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• Demonstrate the first division • Anaphase I and Telophase I
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• Move your cells through the second division.
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• Move your cells through the second division.
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• How many daughter cells do you have?• Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?• Are the cells genetically Identical or different
from the parent cell?
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4Haploid Daughter Cells
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Daughter Cells
Parent Cell
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Possible Combinations of chromosomes
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter28/animation__random_orientation_of_chromosomes_during_meiosis.html
2nWhat does n represent?What was our haploid number of chromosomes?What is the possible number of combinations? 8In people possible 8388608 combinations.
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Sexual Reproduction
• Combines the genetic material of two organisms.• Introduces new gene combinations in a population.• Leads to genetic Variability in the population.• Gametes produced in meiosis fuse to form a zygote.
– Gamete-reproductive cell that contains the haploid set of chromosomes…..sperm and egg
– Zygote- Cell formed from fusion of gametes that contains the diploid set of chromosomes.
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Sexual Reproduction Methods
• External Fertilization: the eggs are fertilized outside of the body
• Internal Fertilization: the eggs are fertilized within the female reproductive tract
• Conjugation: cells exchange genetic material– Prokaryotes
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Asexual Reproduction
• Offspring arise from a single parent. • Offspring genetically identical to parent. • More likely to inherit mutations. • Leads to less diversity. • Mitosis
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Asexual ReproductionMethods
• Budding – offspring grows out of the body of the parent.
• Spores – a reproductive cell capable of developing into a new individualwithout fusion with another reproductive cell.
• Fission– separation of the body into two new bodies
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Quiz
• Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.