diagnostic procedure (1)

8/12/2019 Diagnostic Procedure (1)

1/11

CBC

Test NormalValues

Result Remark Rationale Interpretation NursingResponsibilities

Hemoglobin 115.0-

155.0

137.0 Normal Hemoglobin carries

oxygen to and removes

carbon dioxide from red

blood cells. It measures

total amount of

hemoglobin in the blood

Within normal

range

There is very little risk

associated with taking

blood from a vein in the

arm, although there is a

slight risk of infection

anytime the skin is

broken. Strict asepsis

should be observed

The patient may feel

discomfort when blood is

drawn from a vein.

Bruising may occur at

the puncture site, or theperson may feel dizzy or

faint. Pressure should be

applied to the puncture

site until the bleeding

Hematocrit 0.36-

0.52

0.42 Normal Hematocrit measures the

percentage of red blood

cells in the total blood

volume

Within normal

range

RBC 4.2-6.1 4.47 Normal Measures the number o

RBCs per cubic millimeter

of the whole blood.

Within normal

range

WBC 5.0-

10.0

14.1 High Determines the number of

circulating WBCs per cubic

millimeter of the whole

blood.

Elevated levels

may be caused by

acute infections

tuberculosis,

pneumonia,

meningitis,


2/11

tonsillitis,

appendicitis,

colitis, etc.

stops to reduce bruising.

Warm packs can also be

placed over the puncture

vsite to relieve

discomfort

Instruct patient in dietary

sources of iron such as

red meat, organ meats,

clean green vegetable

and fortified grains

Protect the patient from

potential sources of

infection, monitor for

signs of infection.

Provide soft, bland diethigh in protein, vitamins,

and calories. Meticulous

hand washing and strict

asepsis are mandatory

Neutrophil 55-75 74 Normal Phagocytes engulfing

bacteria and cellular

debris. It prevents or limits

bacterial infections.

Within normal

levels.

Lymphocytes 20-35 21 Normal Cells present in the blood

and lymphatic tissue that

provide the main means of

immunity for the body.

There are three types of

lymphocytes: the natural

killer (NK), thymus-derived

lymphocytes (T cells), and

bone marrow-derived

lymphocytes (B cells). NKcells are found in the

blood, red bone marrow,

lymph nodes and spleen

and are able to destroy

many kinds of infected

Within normal

range


3/11

body cells and tumor cells.

The T cells and B cells are

involved in specific

immune responses.

Institute protective

isolation measures

immediately if there is

neutrophil disorder. Also

instruct the patient to

observe aseptic

technique and to take

caution most especially

if immunocompromised.

Inflammatory responses

involve more than one

body system. Monitor

the patient for worsening

of the inflammatory

condition, particularly

respiratory

compromised.

Encourage patient to

rest between activities.


Monocytes 2-10 4 Normal This type of granular

leukocyte functions in the

ingestion of bacteria and

other foreign particles

Within normal

range

Eosinophil 1-8 1 Normal Functions in allergic

responses and in resisting

infections. Eosinophils

mount on attack against

parasitic invaders by

attacking to their bodies

and discharging toxic

molecules from their

cytoplasmic granules.

Within normal

range

Platelet 150.0-

400.0

278 Normal A test that direct count of

platelets in whole blood.

Platelets number from

100,000-500,000 per cubic

millimeter and are

Within normal

range


4/11

important in triggering the

sequence of events that

leads to the formation of

blood clots.

plan ahead and save

energy for the most

important activities.


void or stop activities

that make short of

breath or make heart

beat faster.

Encourage patient to Eata diet with adequate

protein and vitamins.

Drink plenty of non-

caffeinated and non-

alcoholic fluids.


5/11

Urinalysis -Urinalysis is a physical, microscopic, or chemical examination of the urine. It is done to detect urinary tract

infection. It also measures the level of ketones, sugar, protein, blood components and many other substances

May 8, 2010

TEST RESULT NORMAL CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE NURSINGRESPONSIBILITIES

Glucose Negative


6/11

Begin urinating into

the toilet or urinal.

Finish urinating intothe toilet or urinal.

Carefully replace and

tighten the lid on the

cup then return it to

the lab.

After the urine has

flowed for several

seconds, place the

collection cup into the

urine stream and

collect "midstream"

urine without stoppingyour flow of urine.

Do not touch the rim

of the cup to your

genital area. Do not


7/11

get toilet paper, pubic

hair, stool (feces),

menstrual blood, or

anything else in the

urine sample.

pH 6 4.5-8 Urine pH is used to classify urine as either a dilute

acid or base solution. The lower the pH, the greater

the acidity of a solution; the higher the pH, the

greater the alkalinity. The glomerular filtrate of blood

is usually acidified by the kidneys from a pH of

approximately 7.4 to a pH of about 6 in the urine

Blood Negative


8/11

crystals, or mucus can make urine look cloudy.

Specific

gravity

1.010 1.010-1.030 This checks the amount of substances in the urine.

It also shows how well the kidneys balance the

amount of water in urine. The higher the specific

gravity, the more solid material is in the urine.

Color Yellow Pale to dark

yellow

Many things affect urine color, including fluid

balance, diet, medicines, and diseases. How dark

or light the color is tells you how much water is in it.

Vitamin B supplements can turn urine bright yellow.

Some medicines, blackberries, beets, rhubarb, or

blood in the urine can turn urine red-brown.


9/11


10/11

Pro- Thrombin 11.3 12- 16 secs LOW Prolonged by deficiency of factors I, II,V, VII, and X,

fat malabsorption,severe liver disease, coumaDin

anticoagulant therapy. Present cbc shows normal

Prothrombin time

SGOT 55.6 0.031.0 High SGOT is an enzyme found in high amounts in heart

muscle and liver and skeletal muscle cells. Elevated

levels may be caused by liver or heart disease


11/11

Medical sonography(ultrasonography) is an ultrasound-based diagnostic medical imaging technique used to visualize

muscles, tendons, and many internal organs, to capture their size, structure and any pathological lesions with real time

tomographic images. Ultrasound has been used bysonographers to image the human body for at least 50 years and has

become one of the most widely used diagnostic tools in modern medicine.

12/28/10 Veterans Memorial Medical Center

Impression:

obstructive cholelithiasis

Ultrasonically normal liver, intrahepatic ducts,

pancreas, spleen, aorta, paraaortic areas, kidneys

and urinary bladder

Nursing Responsibilities:

Explain the procedure and purpose of the test

Provide a gown without snaps, and ask the patient to remove all jewelry

Take ultrasound if the patients bladder is fluid filled for better results
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonographerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonographer

diagnostic procedure (1)

Documents